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Data from: Deep phylogeographic structuring of populations of the trapdoor spider Moggridgea tingle (Migidae) from southwestern Australia: evidence for long-term refugia within refugia
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Figure 6 in The effects of forest fragmentation on the population ecology and natural history of a funnel-web spider
Figure 6. Cluster analysis of genetic similarity between Aglaoctenus lagotis individuals from two vegetation fragments in Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil. For each individual, the uppercase letter indicates its location (B: John Kennedy Woodland; P: Pica-Pau Country Club), the first numeral indicates the collection year (8: 2008; 9: 2009), and the subsequent digits indicate the collection number of the spider within the sampling quadrat.
Figure 5 in The effects of forest fragmentation on the population ecology and natural history of a funnel-web spider
Figure 5. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragments for 23 Aglaoctenus lagotis individuals separated on a 2.5% agarose gel, stained with ethidium bromide, visualized on a UV transilluminator, and photographed using Image Master VDS. The primer sequence was 5′- TGCCGAGCTG-3′. For each individual, the uppercase letter indicates its location (W: John Kennedy Woodland; P: Pica-Pau Country Club), the first numeral indicates the collection year (8: 2008; 9: 2009), and the subsequent digits indicate the collection number of the spider. X indicates the negative control.
Figure 4 in The effects of forest fragmentation on the population ecology and natural history of a funnel-web spider
Figure 4. Pearson's correlation analysis between the volume of the horizontal capture web (cm3) and the number of inquiline spiders associated with the web for the spider Aglaoctenus lagotis in two vegetation fragments (JKW: John Kennedy Woodland; PCC: Pica-Pau Country Club) in Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Figure 3 in The effects of forest fragmentation on the population ecology and natural history of a funnel-web spider
Figure 3. Simple linear regressions between the sheet area of the web and the cephalothorax length of Aglaoctenus lagotis individuals in two vegetation fragments (JKW: John Kennedy Woodland; PCC: Pica-Pau Country Club) in Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The correlation is positive for both sites (p <0.0001).
Figure 1 in The effects of forest fragmentation on the population ecology and natural history of a funnel-web spider
Figure 1. Map of the municipality of Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 1. The John Kennedy Woodland (JKW; 18°38′35″ S, 48°11′19″ W). 2. The Permanent Preservation Area of the Pica- Pau Country Club (PCC; 18°36′38″ S, 48°11′17″ W).
Figure 2 in The effects of forest fragmentation on the population ecology and natural history of a funnel-web spider
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the methodology used to measure the volume of the capture web of Aglaoctenus lagotis. See the text for details of the calculation.
Figure 5 in Aspects of the activity rhythm and population size of troglophilic mygalomorph spiders (Trechona sp., Dipluridae) in a quartzite cave in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Figure 5. Percentage of Trechona sp. spiders (mean of 10 observations) found active in the twilight zone during dawn and dusk. The hours in the graph corresponds to actual time, without daylight saving time (DST) correction.
Figure 3 in Aspects of the activity rhythm and population size of troglophilic mygalomorph spiders (Trechona sp., Dipluridae) in a quartzite cave in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Figure 3. Percentage of Trechona sp. spiders (mean of 10 observations) found active in the entrance zone during dawn and dusk. The hours in the graph corresponds to actual time, without daylight saving time (DST) correction.
Figure 4 in Aspects of the activity rhythm and population size of troglophilic mygalomorph spiders (Trechona sp., Dipluridae) in a quartzite cave in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Figure 4. Percentage of Trechona sp. spiders (mean of 10 observations) found active in the dark zone during dawn and dusk. The hours in the graph corresponds to actual time, without daylight saving time (DST) correction.
Figure 2 in Aspects of the activity rhythm and population size of troglophilic mygalomorph spiders (Trechona sp., Dipluridae) in a quartzite cave in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Figure 2. Trechona sp. (A) Spider on sheet-web; (B) individual of Trechona sp. at the entrance of the tubular retreat, under a stone; (C) individual of Trechona sp. female; (D) spider positioned on the sheet-web close to tubular retreat.
Figure 1 in Aspects of the activity rhythm and population size of troglophilic mygalomorph spiders (Trechona sp., Dipluridae) in a quartzite cave in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Figure 1. Monte Cristo cave, general view of the entrance zone, arrow showing the access to twilight zone.
Data from: Maintenance of deceptive gifts in a natural spider population: ecological and demographic factors
Alternative mating tactics are expected to occur predominantly when mate competition is intense, resources are in short supply, or as a result of asymmetric power relationships between individuals. Males of the nuptial gift-giving spider Pisaura mirabilis use a prevailing tactic of offering a nutritive gift (insect prey) and a deceptive tactic of offering a worthless gift (consumed prey) to prospective mates. If the male's tactic depends on pre-copulatory male-male competition, worthless gifts should occur primarily late in the season, when the operational sex ratio (OSR) becomes male-biased. If it depends on resource availability and/or post-copulatory sexual selection (sperm competition), worthless gifts should occur mostly early in the mating season, when prey availability is low and most females are unmated (i.e. post-copulatory sexual selection is weak). Nuptial gift construction correlated positively with prey availability and negatively with OSR, suggesting that males increase reproductive effort when resource and mate availability increase. We did not find evidence for body condition affecting male tactic use. Male size had a marked effect on the reproductive tactic employed. Males that matured early in the season were very small and employed mostly the nutritive gift tactic during their short life. Among the males that matured later and persisted through the season, relatively small males employed the worthless gift tactic whereas large males employed the nutritive gift tactic. We suggest that the existence of two distinct life history strategies among males (early small and late large size) interacts with environmental and demographic conditions to maintain the deceptive tactic.
Data from: Multiple endosymbiont infections and reproductive manipulations in a linyphiid spider population
In many arthropods, maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria can increase infection frequency by manipulating host reproduction. Multiple infections of different bacteria in a single host population are common, yet few studies have documented concurrent endosymbiont phenotypes or explored their potential interactions. We hypothesized that spiders might be a particularly useful taxon for investigating endosymbiont interactions, because they are host to a plethora of endosymbiotic bacteria and frequently exhibit multiple infections. We established two matrilines from the same population of the linyphiid spider Mermessus fradeorum and then used antibiotic curing and controlled mating assays to demonstrate that each matriline was subject to a distinct endosymbiotic reproductive manipulation. One matriline was co-infected with Rickettsia and Wolbachia and produced offspring with a radical female bias. Antibiotic treatment eliminated both endosymbionts and restored an even sex ratio to subsequent generations. Chromosomal and fecundity observations suggest a feminization mechanism. In the other matriline, a separate factorial mating assay of cured and infected spiders demonstrated strong cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) induced by a different strain of Wolbachia. However, males with this Wolbachia induced only mild CI when mated with the Rickettsia–Wolbachia females. In a subsequent survey of a field population of M. fradeorum, we detected these same three endosymbionts infecting 55% of the spiders in almost all possible combinations, with nearly half of the infected spiders exhibiting multiple infection. Our results suggest that a dynamic network of endosymbionts may interact both within multiply infected hosts and within a population subject to multiple strong reproductive manipulations.
Data from: Divergence and reticulation among montane populations of a jumping spider (Habronattus pugillis Griswold)
Populations of the jumping spider Habronattus pugillis Griswold isolated on nearby mountain ranges in southern Arizona are differentiated in many features of the males (color, shape and orientation of setae on face, shape of carapace, markings of palpi and legs, motions during courtship behavior). These features are (mostly) consistent within a range and different between ranges. The concentration of differences to male courtship behavior and body parts exposed to the female during courtship and correlations between form and courtship behavior suggest sexual selection was involved in the differentiation. A phylogenetic analysis of the populations yields a tree that for the most part groups geographic neighbors, but the history of H. pugillis populations may not be adequately described by a tree. Geographic proximity of apparent convergences suggests that populations from at least some of the mountain ranges acquired characteristics through introgression. Lowering of the woodland habitat during the last glacial period probably brought some populations into contact, but it is not clear if the interrange woodlands would have provided corridors for extensive mixing.
Figure 4 in Population ecology of the orb-weaver spider Eustala taquara (Keyserling) (Araneidae)
Figure 4. Phenogram representing the age structure of the Eustala taquara population.
Fig. 3 in Acaricide efficacy and resistance in South Carolina tomato populations of twospotted spider mite
Fig. 3. Median plot damage ratings in a 2016 acaricide efficacy trial conducted in South Carolina, USA. The dashed line indicates the overall median across treatments. Plots were rated on a 1 to 10 scale, with "1" indicating no damage and "10" indicating complete leaf necrosis.
Figure 3 in Population dynamics of the bark-dwelling spider Eustala perfida Mello-Leitão, 1947 (Araneidae)
Figure 3. Monthly variation in number of Eustala perfida individuals on tree trunks.
Figure 5 in Population dynamics of the bark-dwelling spider Eustala perfida Mello-Leitão, 1947 (Araneidae)
Figure 5. Phenogram representing the age structure of the Eustala perfida population.
Data from: Maintenance of deceptive gifts in a natural spider population: ecological and demographic factors
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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