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179 results for “tapeworms”
Figure 1 in Emerging global novelty in phyllobothriidean tapeworms (Cestoda: Phyllobothriidea) from sharks and skates (Elasmobranchii)
Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree resulting from maximum likelihood analysis of the D1–D3 region of the 28S rDNA gene for new genera and all but three valid genera of Phyllobothriidea. Scale bar indicates number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Nodes with bootstrap support values ≥ 90% are indicated with open circles. Labels of tips of taxa in new genera are presented as cestode name, host name and unique host specimen number and GenBank accession number in parentheses. Labels of tips of other taxa are presented as cestode name, as modified by Caira et al. (2020b), and GenBank accession number in parentheses. New sequences are indicated in bold. New genera are indicated with coloured rectangles. Taxa parasitizing non-
Fig. 6 in Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East
Fig. 6. Scanning electron micrograph of Proteocephalus demshini n. sp. from Barbatula toni, Russia (A, C,D,F) and Proteocephalus misgurni n. sp. from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Russia (B, E, G, H). A, B — dorsoventral view, C — apical view, D — lateral view, E — subapical view, F — acicular filitriches and gladiate spinitriches on internal rim of suckers, G — acicular filitriches between suckers, H — gladiate spinitriches on neck region. Small letters in A and B indicate position of microtriches on F–H).
Fig. 5. Proteocephalus misgurni n in Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East
Fig. 5. Proteocephalus misgurni n. sp. from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. A.Holotype, total view, ventrally (host field No. RUS 77; MHNG-PLAT 79136). B. Eggs drawn in distilled water (host field No. RUS 93; MHNG-PLAT 79140). C. Paratype 1, scolex (host field No. RUS 100; MHNG-PLAT 79142); note the proliferation zone widened anteriorly. D. Paratype 2, detail of terminal genitalia, dorsal view (host field No. RUS 75; MHNG-PLAT 79135); uterus not illustrated. E.Holotype, mature proglottid, ventral view (host field No. RUS 77; MHNG-PLAT 79136); uterus not illustrated.
Fig. 1 in Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East
Fig. 1. Bayesian analysis of the concatenated 4-gene alignment (ssrDNA, lsrDNA, rrnL, cox1) constructed using MrBayes 3.2.1 using the GTR + I + G (ssrDNA, rrnL, cox1) and GTR + I (lsrDNA) models of nucleotide evolution. The analysis was run for 10 million generations; 7 million generations were discarded as burn-in. Posterior probabilities and maximum likelihood bootstrap values (obtained using GARLI) are shown above and below branches, respectively. All nodes with <0.95 posterior probabilities have been collapsed. The branchlength scale indicates number of substitutions per site.
Fig. 4. Proteocephalus demshini n in Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East
Fig. 4. Proteocephalus demshini n. sp. from Barbatula toni, Russia. A.Scolex (host field No. RUS 195; IPCAS C-727). B. Mature proglottid, ventral view (host field No.RUS 191; IPCAS C-727); uterus not illustrated. C. Detail of terminal genitalia, ventral view (host field No. RUS 192; MHNG-PLAT 79149). D. Eggs drawn in distilled water (host field No. RUS 190; IPCAS C-727).
FIGURE 22 in A New Genus And Two New Species Of Proteocephalidean Tapeworms (Cestoda) From Cichlid Fish (Perciformes: Cichlidae) In The Neotropics
FIGURE 22. Tree resulting from Bayesian inference analysis of 28S rDNA data. Nodal support is given as bootstrap/posterior probabilities. Branch length scale bar indicate number of substitutions per site. Cichlidocestus gillesi n. sp. in bold.
FIGURES 17–21 in A New Genus And Two New Species Of Proteocephalidean Tapeworms (Cestoda) From Cichlid Fish (Perciformes: Cichlidae) In The Neotropics
FIGURES 17–21. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces of Cichlidocestus janikae n. g., n. sp. from Hypsophrys nicaraguensis, Costa Rica (17–19), and Cichlidocestus gillesi n. g., n. sp. from Cichlasoma amazonarum, Peru (20, 21).
Fig. 2 in Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East
Fig. 2. Proteocephalus sagittus (Grimm, 1872) from Barbatula barbatula, Czech Republic (IPCAS C-33/1). A. Scolex. B. Mature proglottid. Abbreviations (for all figures): cc = chromophilic cells; ci = cirrus; cp = pars copulatrix vaginae; cs = cirrus-sac; doc = dorsal osmoregulatory canal; du = uterine diverticles; eh = embryonic hooks; em = bilayered embryophore; ga = genital atrium; gc = glandular cells, probably of exocrine type; lm = internal longitudinal musculature; ln = longitudinal lateral nerves; Mg = Mehlis' gland; oe = outer envelope; on = oncosphere; oo = oocapt; ov = ovary; sc = subtegumental cells; sd = sperm duct (vas deferens); st = subtegumental muscle fibres; te = testes; tg = tegument; ud = uterine ducts; us = uterine stem; ut = uterus; vc = vaginal canal; vd = vitelloduct; vf = vitelline follicles; voc = ventral osmoregulatory canal; vs = vaginal sphincter.
FIGURES 1–7. Cichlidocestus gillesi n. g., n in A New Genus And Two New Species Of Proteocephalidean Tapeworms (Cestoda) From Cichlid Fish (Perciformes: Cichlidae) In The Neotropics
FIGURES 1–7. Cichlidocestus gillesi n. g., n. sp. from Cichlasoma amazonarum, Peru, line drawings. (1) Scolex, dorsal view. (2) Terminal genitalia, ventral. (3) Gravid proglottid, ventral; note ventral uterine openings. (4) Pregravid proglottid, ventral; the uterus is not drawn and the ventral osmoregulatory canals are not all figured. (5, 6) Eggs. (7) Cross section at level of the cirrus-sac. (1, 2, 4–7 = holotype – MHNG-PLAT 63132; 3 = paratype – IPCAS C-733). Abbreviations: as – apical sucker; cc – chromophilic cells lining uterine diverticula; ci – cirrus; cm – circular musculature; cs – cirrus-sac; doc – dorsal osmoregulatory canal; du – diverticula of uterus; eh – embryonic hooks; em – bilayered embryophore; gc – gland cells; ilm – internal longitudinal musculature; isv – internal seminal vesicle; mg – Mehlis' gland; oe – outer envelope; on – oncosphere; oo – oocapt; ov – ovary; pc – prostatic cells; sc – subtegumental cells; sd – sperm duct; sr – seminal receptacle; st – subtegumental muscle fibers; su – sucker; te – testes; tg – tegument; upo – uterine pore-like opening; ut – uterus; vc – vaginal canal; vf – vitelline follicles; voc – ventral osmoregulatory canal; vs – vaginal sphincter.
FIGURES 8–16. Cichlidocestus janikae n. g., n in A New Genus And Two New Species Of Proteocephalidean Tapeworms (Cestoda) From Cichlid Fish (Perciformes: Cichlidae) In The Neotropics
FIGURES 8–16. Cichlidocestus janikae n. g., n. sp. from Hypsophrys nicaraguensis, Costa Rica, line drawings. (8) Scolex, dorsal view (paratype 3 – CNHE No. 10044). (9) Frontal sections of scolex, showing the anterior circular musculature of suckers (paratype 4 – MHNG-PLAT 94086). (10) Frontal sections of the scolex, showing an apical sucker (paratype 4 – MHNG-PLAT 94086). (11, 12) Cross sections at level of the cirrus-sac and ovary, respectively (holotype – IPCAS C-734). (13) Pregravid proglottid, ventral (holotype – MHNG-PLAT 94085); the uterus is not drawn and the ventral osmoregulatory canals are not all figured. (14, 15) Eggs (paratype 4 – MHNG-PLAT 94086). (16) Terminal genitalia, ventral (holotype – MHNG-PLAT 94085). Abbreviations: as – apical sucker; cc – chromophilic cells lining uterine diverticula; ci – cirrus; cm – circular musculature; cs – cirrus-sac; du – diverticula of uterus; eh – embryonic hooks; em – bilayered embryophore; gc – gland cells; ilm – internal longitudinal musculature; isv – internal seminal vesicle; mg – Mehlis' gland; oe – outer envelope; on – oncosphere; ov – ovary; pc – prostatic cells; sc – subtegumental cells; sd – sperm duct; sr – seminal receptacle; st – subtegumental muscle fibers; su – sucker; te – testes; tg – tegument; ut – uterus; vc – vaginal canal; vd – vitelline duct; vf – vitelline follicles; voc – ventral osmoregulatory canal; vs – vaginal sphincter.
Fig. 3. Proteocephalus midoriensis Shimazu, 1990 in Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East
Fig. 3. Proteocephalus midoriensis Shimazu, 1990 from Lefua echigonia, Japan (IPCAS C-362/1) (A, C–E) and from Lefua costata, Russia ("Proteocephalus sp. n." of N.I. Demshin; not accessioned) (B). A, B. Scoleces. C. Mature proglottid, dorsal view, note vitelline follicles overpassing the ovary ventrally; uterus not illustrated. D. Detail of the posterior part of the proglottid, ventral view. E. Detail of terminal genitalia, ventral view.
Supplementary material 2 from: de Chambrier A, Waeschenbach A, Fisseha M, Scholz T and Mariaux J (2015) A large 28S rDNA-based phylogeny confirms the limitations of established morphological characters for classification of proteocephalidean tapeworms (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda). ZooKeys 500: 25-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.500.9360
Table 1: Explanation note: Leaf stability test results from the post-burnin posterior tree distribution from two MrBayes runs that included the full complement of taxa. Taxa are ranked based on their positional stability estimated from the Maximum, which is an average of all the highest percentages from all possible quartet sets for a particular taxon, Difference, which is the difference between the highest and the second highest percentages from all possible quartet sets for a particular taxon, and Entropy, which is calculated as the normalized sum of logs for each quartet percentages (except the unresolved polygamy).
Supplementary material 1 from: de Chambrier A, Waeschenbach A, Fisseha M, Scholz T and Mariaux J (2015) A large 28S rDNA-based phylogeny confirms the limitations of established morphological characters for classification of proteocephalidean tapeworms (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda). ZooKeys 500: 25-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.500.9360
Figure 1: Explanation note: Bayesian inference of partial (domains 1–3) 28S rDNA sequences of the complete taxon set of proteocephalideans performed using MrBayes version 3.1 using the GTR + I + G model of sequence evolution. Two parallel runs were performed for 10,000,000 generations; 8,000,000 generations were discarded as burnin. Branches with posterior probability (pp) support below 95% are collapsed; pp are indicated below branches.
FIGURES 30–33 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURES 30–33. LINe DRAWINgS Of Zygobothrium megacephalum DIeSINg, 1850 fROM Phractocephalus hemioliopterus. 30. PRegRAVID PROgLOTTID, VeNTRAL VIeW (MHNG-PLAT-21854). NOTe: THe UTeRUS IS OMITTeD. 31. GRAVID PROgLOTTID, VeNTRAL VIeW (MHNG-PLAT-85239). 32, 33. CROSS-SeCTIONS AT THe LeVeL Of THe ANTeRIOR AND POSTeRIOR PARTS Of PROgLOTTID, ReSPeCTIVeLY (MHNG-PLAT-18316). Abbreviations: CC—CHROMOPHILIC CeLLS; DO—DORSAL OSMORegULATORY CANAL; DU—DIVeRTICULA Of UTeRUS; LM—INTeRNAL LONgITUDINAL MUSCULATURe; OO—OVARIAN OUTgROWTHS; OV—OVARY; ST—SUbTegUMeNTAL MUSCLe fIbeRS; SU— SUbTegUMeNTAL CeLLS; Te—TeSTeS; Tg—TegUMeNT; UT—UTeRUS; VI—VITeLLINe fOLLICLeS; VO—VeNTRAL OSMORegULATORY CANAL.
FIGURES 10–12 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURES 10–12. LINe DRAWINgS Of Ephedrocephalus microcephalus DIeSINg, 1850 fROM Phractocephalus hemioliopterus. 10. SCOLeX, DORSOVeNTRAL VIeW (MHNG-PLAT-22371) 11. SCOLeX, SAgITTAL SeCTION (MHNG-PLAT-28296). 12. GRAVID PROgLOTTID, VeNTRAL VIeW (MHNG-PLAT-22009). NOTe: THe TeSTeS ARe OMITTeD. Abbreviations: CC—CHROMOPHILIC CeLLS; DO—DORSAL OSMORegULATORY CANALS; gC—gLANDULAR CeLLS; LM—INTeRNAL LONgITUDINAL MUSCULATURe; Me—MeTASCOLeX; OC—OSMORegULATORY CANALS; VO—VeNTRAL OSMORegULATORY CANALS.
FIGURES 13–18 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURES 13–18. LINe DRAWINgS Of Ephedrocephalus microcephalus DIeSINg, 1850 fROM Phractocephalus hemioliopterus. 13. PRegRAVID PROgLOTTID, DORSAL VIeW (MHNG-PLAT-22009). NOTe: ONLY THe LATeRALMOST VITeLLINe fOLLICLeS IN THe ANTIPORAL AND POSTPORAL SIDeS ARe RePReSeNTeD, bUT THeY OCCUPY THe eNTIRe VeNTRAL SURfACe. 14–16. CROSS-SeCTIONS AT LeVeL Of MIDDLe PART Of PROgLOTTID, CIRRUS-SAC AND OVARY, ReSPeCTIVeLY (MHNG-PLAT-21910). 17. TeRMINAL geNITALIA, DORSAL VIeW (MHNG-PLAT- 22009). 18. EggS IN DISTILLeD WATeR (MHNG-PLAT-21851). Abbreviations: CC—CHROMOPHILIC CeLLS; CI—CIRRUS; CS—CIRRUS-SAC; DO—DORSAL OSMORegULATORY CANAL; eD—ejACULATORY DUCT; eM—eMbRYOPHORe; gA—geNITAL ATRIUM; LM—INTeRNAL LONgITUDINAL MUSCULATURe; LN—LONgITUDINAL NeRVe; Mg—MeHLIS' gLAND; OD—OVIDUCT; ON—ONCOSPHeRe; OV—OVARY; ST—SUbTegUMeNTAL MUSCLe fIbeRS; SU—SUbTegUMeNTAL CeLLS; Te—TeSTeS; Tg—TegUMeNT; UT—UTeRUS; V—VACUOLe; VA—VAS DefeReNS; VC—VAgINAL CANAL; VI—VITeLLINe fOLLICLeS; VO—VeNTRAL OSMORegULATORY CANAL; VS—VAgINAL SPHINCTeR.
FIGURE 29 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURE 29. LINe DRAWINg Of Zygobothrium megacephalum DIeSINg, 1850 fROM Phractocephalus hemioliopterus. SAgITTAL SeCTION Of THe SCOLeX, SHOWINg THe POWeRfUL CIRCULAR MUSCULATURe IN THe ANTeRIOR PART Of SUCKeRS, USeD AS A SPHINCTeR fOR THe HOLDfAST SYSTeM (MHNG-PLAT-21847). Abbreviations: CM—CIRCULAR MUSCULATURe; LM—INTeRNAL LONgITUDINAL MUSCULATURe; OC—OSMORegULATORY CANAL.
FIGURES 19–28 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURES 19–28. SCANNINg eLeCTRON MICROgRAPHS Of Zygobothrium megacephalum DIeSINg, 1850 (MHNG-PLAT-85239) fROM Phractocephalus hemioliopterus. 19. SCOLeX, ANTeRO-DORSOVeNTRAL VIeW. 20. SCOLeX, APICAL VIeW. 21. SCOLeX, LATeRAL VIeW. 22. DeTAIL Of THe SURfACe Of A MATURe PROgLOTTID. NOTe: THe LACINIATION PATTeRN ON THe PROgLOTTID SURfACeS. 23–28. MICROTRICHeS ON THe APeX Of THe SCOLeX, bRIDge-LIKe TISSUe, eXTeRNAL RIM Of SUCKeRS, beTWeeN SUCKeRS, STRObILA AND SURfACe Of LACINIATION, ReSPeCTIVeLY. NOTe: SMALL bLACK NUMbeRS CORReSPOND TO THe fIgUReS SHOWINg HIgHeR MAgNIfICATION IMAgeS Of THeSe SURfACeS.
FIGURES 1–9 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURES 1–9. SCANNINg eLeCTRON MICROgRAPHS Of Ephedrocephalus microcephalus DIeSINg, 1850 (MHNG-PLAT-28296) fROM Phractocephalus hemioliopterus. 1. SCOLeX, LATeRAL VIeW, SHOWINg THe DeePLY WRINKLeD MeTASCOLeX. 2. DeTAIL Of THe SUCKeRS, APICAL VIeW. 3. SCOLeX, APICAL VIeW. 4–9. MICROTRICHeS ON THe APeX Of SCOLeX, eXTeRNAL AND INTeRNAL RIM Of SUCKeRS, SURfACe beTWeeN SUCKeRS, MeTASCOLeX AND STRObILA, ReSPeCTIVeLY. NOTe: SMALL bLACK NUMbeRS CORReSPOND TO THe fIgUReS SHOWINg HIgHeR MAgNIfICATION IMAgeS Of THeSe SURfACeS.
FIGURES 38, 39 in Towards a robust systematic baseline of Neotropical fish tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae): amended diagnoses of two genera from the redtail catfish, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus
FIGURES 38, 39. LINe DRAWINgS Of eggS Of Cangatiella PAVANeLLI & DOS SANTOS, 1991 IN DISTILLeD WATeR. 38. Cangatiella arandasi PAVANeLLI & DOS SANTOS, 1991 (MHNG-PLAT-34751) fROM Trachelyopterus galeatus. 39. Cangatiella macdonaghi (SZIDAT & SORIA, 1951) (MHNG-PLAT-30269) fROM Odontesthes hatcheri. Abbreviations: eM—eMbRYOPHORe; Oe—OUTeR eNVeLOPe; ON—ONCOSPHeRe; PP—POLAR PROjeCTIONS; V—VACUOLe.
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