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107 results for “temperate region”
Data from: Soil dynamics in forest restoration: a data set for temperate and tropical regions
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Data from: Tree diversity across multiple scales and environmental heterogeneity promote ecosystem multifunctionality in a large temperate forest region
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Data from: Snail herbivory affects seedling establishment in a temperate forest in the Ozark region
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Data from: Meta-analysis reveals enhanced growth of marine harmful algae from temperate regions with warming and elevated CO2 levels
Elevated pCO2 and warming may promote algal growth and toxin production, and thereby possibly support the proliferation and toxicity of HABs. Here, we tested whether empirical data supports this hypothesis using a meta-analytic approach and investigated the responses of growth rate and toxin content or toxicity of numerous marine and estuarine HAB species to elevated pCO2 and warming. Most of the available data on HAB responses towards the two tested climate change variables concerns dinoflagellates, as many members of this phytoplankton group are known to cause HAB outbreaks. Toxin content and toxicity did not reveal a consistent response towards both tested climate change variables, while growth rate increased consistently with elevated pCO2 . Warming also led to higher growth rates, but only for species isolated at higher latitudes. The observed gradient in temperature growth responses shows the potential for enhanced development of HABs at higher latitudes. Increases in growth rates with more CO2 may present an additional competitive advantage for HAB species, particularly as CO2 was not shown to enhance growth rate of other non-HAB phytoplankton species. However, this may also be related to the difference in representation of dinoflagellate and diatom species in the respective HAB and non-HAB phytoplankton groups. Since the proliferation of HAB species may strongly depend on their growth rates, our results warn for a greater potential of dinoflagellate HAB development in future coastal waters, particularly in temperate regions.
Data from: A melanin-based trait is more strongly related to body size in the tropics than in temperate regions in the globally distributed barn owl family
Life history traits differ between organisms living in the tropics, northern and southern hemispheres, and sexual selection is thought to be stronger close to the equator than in temperate regions. Although birds are often supposed to be more brightly coloured in the tropics, the current evidence of geographic variation in the intensity of sexual selection and sex-specific natural selection is equivocal. Whether sex-specific traits signal aspects of individual quality better in the tropics than in the temperate regions of the northern and southern hemispheres therefore remains an open question. We examined predictions of this hypothesis in the Tytonidae family (barn owls and their relatives) because females, on average, display larger black spots on the tip of their ventral body feathers than males, and this trait is associated with aspects of individual quality. We measured the size of melanic spots and the wing length of 7893 Tytonidae skins collected worldwide and preserved in natural history museums. The covariation between spot size and wing length was stronger in females than in males, in large- than small-spotted Tyto taxa and close to the equator than in temperate regions. This suggests that selection for spot size, which can be used by owls as an additional cue to assess individual body size and other aspects of phenotypic quality, is stronger in females than in males, particularly near the equator.
FIGURE 9. Cnemidocarpa verrucosa, A in Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile
FIGURE 9. Cnemidocarpa verrucosa, A, natural aspect; B, dissected body. Scale bar: A, B, 2 cm.
Data from: Population genetics of a broadcast-spawning coral across a tropical-temperate transition zone reveals regional differentiation and isolation of high-latitude reefs
<p>Aim: Genetic connectivity is a key component of species resilience to climate change in terms of recovery capacity following disturbance and capacity to disperse to novel locations as the climate warms and isotherms shift poleward. We aimed to strengthen our understanding of resilience in this context by characterizing patterns of connectivity and genetic diversity in a broadcast spawning coral across a tropical-temperate transition zone. We hypothesize genetic differentiation between tropical and temperate populations and decreasing genetic diversity with higher latitudes.</p> <p>Location: Western Australia (WA).</p> <p>Taxon: <i>Turbinaria </i>species complex. <i>Turbinaria reniformis </i>Oken, 1815 (Dendrophylliidae).</p> <p>Methods: Samples from 930 target corals were collected from ten locations between 13 - 32<sup> o</sup> latitude spanning a 9° C mean temperature range. <i>In-situ</i> species identification of <i>T. reniformis </i>is hindered by morphological plasticity and homoplasy with sister species. We<i> </i>combined Sanger sequencing of two mitochondrial DNA markers and high-throughput genotyping by sequencing (GBS) to isolate a single genetic <i>Turbinaria</i> lineage from our dataset through which patterns of genetic flow and diversity along the WA coastline could be explored using population- and individual-based analyses.</p> <p>Results: Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation was low among <i>Turbinaria</i> samples and could not resolve individual species. Using GBS, we identified three genetically distinct lineages. Subsequent analyses within one of these lineages revealed strong spatial subdivision with 2-3 genetic clusters. While temperate populations were genetically diverged from more tropical sites, we did not observe declines in genetic diversity with latitude.</p> <p>Main Conclusions: Temperate coral populations in Western Australia are genetically isolated from their tropical counterparts. Tropical populations of <i>T. 'reniformis' </i>exhibit adequate connectivity.<i> </i>Shark Bay represents the current southern limit of the tropical population of <i>T. 'reniformis'</i>. Interestingly, temperate <i>T. 'reniformis'</i> in this study exhibit some genetic resilience due to their relatively high genetic diversity, yet the strong patterns of genetic subdivision for this widely dispersing coral species potentially limit their resilience to future climate scenarios.</p>
Fig. 4 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 4. Average monthly whorl increment of Xerolenta obvia at different stages of growth in SW (diamonds with the solid trend line) and NE (squares with the dashed trend line) populations
Fig. 1 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 1. Shell size differences of Xerolenta obvia at different stage of growth in SW (filled symbols) and NE (empty symbols) populations; diamonds = mean shell width, triangles = mean shell height, lines = range of size
Fig. 3 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 3. Relative distribution of size classes (I–VI) over the whole activity period studied in SW (A) and NE (B) populations of Xerolenta obvia
Supplementary material 6 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
: Data type: reference data
Supplementary material 4 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
: Data type: morphological data
Supplementary material 3 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
: Data type: morphological data
Supplementary material 1 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
: Data type: morphological data
Supplementary material 5 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
: Data type: morphological data
Supplementary material 2 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
: Data type: morphological data
Figure 7 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
Figure 7 Xenia sp. 2. A schema of Xenia sp. 2 B photo of a specimen of Xenia sp. 2 (MUFS-COMO9). Scale bar: 10 mm.
Figure 6 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
Figure 6 Phylogenetic relationships of species in Xeniidae based on ITS sequences. Numbers on main branches show percentages of bootstrap values (> 50%) in maximum likelihood analysis.
Figure 5 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
Figure 5 Phylogenetic relationships of species in Xeniidae based on ND2 sequences. Numbers on main branches show percentages of bootstrap values (> 50%) in maximum likelihood analysis.
Figure 4 from: Koido T, Imahara Y, Fukami H (2019) High species diversity of the soft coral family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) in the temperate region of Japan revealed by morphological and molecular analyses. ZooKeys 862: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
Figure 4 Scanning electron micrographs of sclerites of Xeniidae. AAntheliacf.glaucaBA.roseaCA.cf.tosanaDHeteroxeniacf.elisabethaeEH.medioensisFH.minutaGSympodium. sp. 1 HS. sp. 2 IYamazatum sp. 1 JXenia sp. 1 KX. sp. 2 LX.plicata. Scale bar: 10 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.