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Fig. 2 in Threat of cercarial dermatitis in Hungary: A first report of Trichobilharzia franki from the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and European ear snail (Radix auricularia) using molecular methods
Fig. 2. The shape of bursa copulatrix of the adult R. auricularia is spherical and the stalk is long (A), while the bursa copulatrix of Radix balthica is oval and stalk is short (B). This anatomical structure seems the most reliable morphological difference to distinguish of the two most common Radix species in Hungary, but can only be studied on sexually mature and non-trematode infected specimens (Juh´asz, 2018) The length of the dissected organs is about 1 cm.
Fig. 3 in The threat of pesticide and disease co-exposure to managed and wild bee larvae
Fig. 3. Pesticide research bias across bee genera depending on pesticide type based on Web of Science searches. The number of studies per search term is indicated for each genus with at least 10 studies across search terms; Understudied is a cumulative group including genera which contain less than 10 studies; Unexplored is a cumulative group including genera which have no published papers for any pesticide exposure category. Warmer colours are used to indicate a higher number of studies related to a genus for the corresponding pesticide search term, while colder colours indicate a lower number of studies found. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 4 in The threat of pesticide and disease co-exposure to managed and wild bee larvae
Fig. 4. Brood pathogens studies per bee genera found from Web of Science searches using search terms "brood disease", "brood pathogen", "brood virus", "larvae disease", "larvae pathogen" and "larvae virus" across bee genera. Red squares indicate that a pathogen on the x-axis has been found to infect at least one species in the bee genus corresponding to its position in the phylogeny shown on the y-axis; yellow squares indicate that the pathogen on the x-axis has been found in individuals from at least one species in the genus on the y-axis but no symptoms were reported in the studies; dark grey squares indicate that the pathogen on the x-axis has been tested for in at least one species in the genus corresponding on the yaxis, however has not been found; white squares indicate that the searches found no studies where any bee species of the genus on the y-axis were tested for in the corresponding pathogens on the x-axis. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2 in The threat of pesticide and disease co-exposure to managed and wild bee larvae
Fig. 2. Proportion of results per search term across bee genera on the Web of Science search engine (n = the total number of studies corresponding to each search term). Search terms related to brood disease (A) and pesticide exposure (B) are both compared to species diversity at the genus level. Genera with less than 5 studies in any brood disease search term (A) and less than 10 studies across any pesticide exposure search term (B) have been classified as 'Understudied' (brown) and grouped. Genera with no studies related to any brood disease search term (A) and no studies related to any pesticide exposure search term (B) have been classified as 'Unexplored' (grey) and grouped. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in The threat of pesticide and disease co-exposure to managed and wild bee larvae
Fig. 1. Flowers contaminated with brood pathogens and pesticides can lead to simultaneous exposure to pesticides and brood pathogens from flowers in adult foraging bees (A). This leads to brood being co-exposed to the stressors via food provisioning (B). Pesticides may increase larval mortality from brood infections directly through compromised immunocompetence (C), and/or indirectly through manipulating microbial communities and compromising food provisions from adult bees (D) (Icons8, 2022).
FIGURE 3 in Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil
FIGURE 3 | Detailed maps showing the distribution of Brazilian subterranean fishes in different federated states, including vegetation and impacts nearby. AP, Amapá State; PA, Pará State; RO, Rondônia State; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul State; BA, Bahia State; SP, São Paulo State, MG, Minas Gerais State; GO, Goiás State. Outcrops, landscape areas with rocks and potentially cave occurrences.
FIGURE 6 in Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil
FIGURE 6 | Total number of Brazilian subterranean fish species affected by each type of identified threat in the present study.
FIGURE 1 in Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil
FIGURE 1 | Map of Brazil showing the distribution of the subterranean fish species according to the basins included in the country's territory.
FIGURE 5 in Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil
FIGURE 5 | A. Ituglanis epikarsticus from the Lapa do São Mateus cave, São Domingos, Goiás State, live specimen, 28 mm SL; Photo: Adriano Gambarini. B. Rhamdiopsis sp. "caatinga", live specimen, 59 mm SL; Photo: Jonas Eduardo Gallão. C. Stygichthys typhlops from the Jaíba region, Minas Gerais State, live specimen, 25 mm SL, specimen captured in July 2008; Photo: Adriano Gambarini. All specimens were photographed in an aquarium at Laboratório de Estudos Subterrâneos, Universidade Federal de São Carlos.
Vanishing glaciers: a cause of sea-level rise and a threat to water supply
<p><span>The video discusses the contribution of glaciers to sea-level rise and their importance for humans. Due to their proximity to 0°C temperature, glaciers respond much faster to global warming than ice sheets, making their mass loss a significant contributor to sea-level rise during the 20th century and beyond. To determine the health state of glaciers and their contribution to sea-level rise, glaciologists calculate their mass budget, which has been largely negative for several decades now, indicating that glaciers are losing mass year after year, causing them to retreat. The video emphasizes the need for immediate reductions of greenhouse gas emissions to preserve these crucial and vulnerable water resources and natural heritage.</span></p>
TABLE 2 in Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil
<p><b>TABLE 2 |</b> Brazilian subterranean fishes: threats, possible causes, IUCN categories, and occurrence in Conservation Units.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Threats</th><th>Possible causes</th><th><b>IUCN Brazilian Red List</b> (ICMBio/MMA, 2018)</th><th>IUCN Global Red List</th><th><b>Conservation Unit</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Stygichthys typhlops</i> Brittan & Böhlke, 1965</th><td>Lowering of the aquifer; physical change of the habitat</td><td>Artesian wells for fruit irrigation; climate change</td><td>Endangered (EN)</td><td>Deficient Data (DD)</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Eigenmannia vicentespelaea</i> Triques, 1996</th><td>Lowering of the base-level stream; siltation of the subterranean drainage; tourism</td><td>Large scale agriculture and irrigation projects (in the headwaters); deforestation of headwaters; unmanaged tourism; climate change</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ancistrus cryptophthalmus</i> Reis, 1987</th><td>Lowering of the base-level streams; tourism</td><td>Large scale agriculture and irrigation projects (in the headwaters); deforestation of the headwaters; unmanaged tourism; climate change</td><td>Endangered (EN)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ancistrus formoso</i> Sabino & Trajano, 1997</th><td>Pollution; physical change of the habitat</td><td>Use of pesticides for agriculture; mining for cement production</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Limits of the Serra da Bodoquena National Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ancistrus</i> sp. “bodoquena”</th><td>physical change of the habitat</td><td>Deforestation; mining projects for cement production</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Aspidoras mephisto</i> Tencatt & Bichuette, 2017</th><td>Pollution; physical change of the habitat; food restriction</td><td>Use of pesticides for agriculture; discharge of domestic sewage; mining projects for cement production; deforestation of cave surroundings</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus</i> <i>itacarambiensis</i> de Pinna & Trajano, 1996</th><td>Physical change of the habitat; food restriction</td><td>Dams inside the cave for water exploration; climate change</td><td>Critically Endangered (CR)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Limits of the Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus dali</i> Rizzato, Costa-Jr, Trajano & Bichuette, 2011</th><td>Physical change of the habitat; pollution</td><td>Mining projects for cement production; water exploration (irrigation for agriculture); deforestation of caves surroundings (agriculture and pastures); climate change</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Limits of the Serra da Bodoquena National Park (part)</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus rubbioli</i> Bichuette & Rizzato, 2012</th><td>Food restriction; physical change of the habitat; lowering of the upper phreatic</td><td>Deforestation of cave surroundings (agriculture; pastures and charcoal production); potential large scale mining projects; climate change</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus</i> sp. “ramalho”</th><td>Lowering of the base-level stream; food restriction</td><td>Deforestation of cave surroundings (pastures and charcoal production); climate change</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus</i> sp. “iu iu”</th><td>Lowering of the base-level stream; food restriction</td><td>Deforestation for agriculture and pastures (small scale); climate change</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis passensis</i> Fernández & Bichuette, 2002</th><td>Lowering of the base-level stream; siltation of subterranean drainage; food restriction</td><td>Deforestation for agriculture and pastures (small scale); climate change</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis bambui</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2004</th><td>Siltation of the upper vadose tributary; lowering of the upper vadose tributary; tourism</td><td>Unmanaged tourism; climate change</td><td>Critically Endangered (CR)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis epikarsticus</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2004</th><td>Lowering of the epikarst (upper aquifer); physical change of the habitat; tourism</td><td>Climate change; unmanaged tourism</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis ramiroi</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2004</th><td>Lowering of the upper vadose tributary; physical change of the habitat; tourism</td><td>Climate change; unmanaged tourism</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis mambai</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2008</th><td>Food restriction; siltation of the subterranean drainage</td><td>Deforestation of surroundings (agriculture and pastures)</td><td>Endangered (EN)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis boticario</i> Rizzato & Bichuette, 2015</th><td>Food restriction; siltation of the subterranean drainage</td><td>Deforestation of surroundings (agriculture and pastures)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Rio Vermelho Environmental Protection Area (APA)</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis</i> sp. “terra ronca”</th><td>No data</td><td>No data</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis</i> sp. “posse”</th><td>Physical change of the habitat; lowering of the upper phreatic</td><td>Dams inside the cave for water exploration; climate change</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis</i> sp. “canastra”</th><td>Food restriction; lowering of the base-level stream</td><td>Deforestation of surroundings; climate change</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Limits of the Serra da Canastra National Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Glaphyropoma spinosum</i> Bichuette, de Pinna & Trajano, 2008</th><td>Physical change of the habitat; tourism</td><td>Illegal gold panning (“garimpo”); unmanaged tourism</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Chapada Diamantina National Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Copionodon</i> sp. “igatu”</th><td>Physical change of the habitat; tourism</td><td>Illegal gold panning (“garimpo”); unmanaged tourism</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Chapada Diamantina National Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pimelodella kronei</i> (Miranda Ribeiro, 1907)</th><td>Pollution (domestic sewage and others); overcollecting; physical change of the habitat</td><td>Irregular land use; weak supervising; irregular visitation of the cave</td><td>Endangered (EN)</td><td>Deficient Data (DD)</td><td>TurÍstico do Alto Ribeira State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pimelodella spelaea</i> Trajano, Reis & Bichuette, 2007</th><td>Lowering of the upper vadose tributary; physical change of the habitat; tourism</td><td>Climate change; unmanaged tourism</td><td>Endangered (EN)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Terra Ronca State Park</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pimelodella</i> sp. “açungui”</th><td>Physical change of the habitat</td><td>Small Hydroelectric Power Station (SHPS)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdia enfurnada</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2005</th><td>Food restriction; physical change of the habitat; lowering of the base-level stream</td><td>Deforestation of cave surroundings (agriculture; pastures and charcoal production); potential large scale mining projects; climate change</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdia</i> sp. “bodoquena”</th><td>Physical alteration of the habitat</td><td>Deforestation of cave surroundings; mining projects for cement production</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis krugi</i> Bockmann & Castro, 2010</th><td>Siltation; food restriction; lowering of the aquifer; pollution (part of the aquifer); tourism (part of the caves)</td><td>Deforestation of caves surroundings; installation of artesian wells; use of pesticides for agriculture; unmanaged tourism</td><td>Vulnerable (VU)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “gonçalo”</th><td>Lowering of the aquifer; physical change of the habitat</td><td>Water withdrawal and installation of artesian wells for human consumption and agriculture use (small scale); old saltpeter exploration</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “cordisburgo”</th><td>No data</td><td>No data</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “ramalho”, two populations/ morphotypes</th><td>Lowering of the upper phreatic; physical change of the habitat</td><td>Water withdrawal for human consumption and agriculture (small scale); dams inside the caves</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “caatinga”</th><td>Lowering of the aquifer; physical change of the habitat</td><td>Water withdrawal for human consumption and agriculture use (small scale); dams inside the cave</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phenacorhamdia</i> sp. “posse”</th><td>Physical change of the habitat; lowering of the upper phreatic</td><td>Dams inside the cave; water withdrawal; climate change</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phreatobius cisternarum</i> Goeldi, 1905</th><td>Habitat fragmentation; food restriction</td><td>Deforestation for agriculture and pasture activities</td><td>Least Concerned (LC)</td><td>Deficient Data (DD)</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phreatobius dracunculus</i> Shibatta, Muriel-Cunha & de Pinna, 2007</th><td>Habitat fragmentation; food restriction</td><td>Deforestation for agriculture and pasture activities; mining</td><td>Deficient Data (DD)</td><td>Not included</td><td>Not included</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phreatobius sanguijuela</i> Fernández, Saucedo, Carvajal-Vallejos & Schaefer, 2007</th><td>Habitat fragmentation; food restriction</td><td>Deforestation for agriculture and pasture activities</td><td>Not included</td><td>Critically Endangered (CR)</td><td>Not included</td></tr></tbody></table>
TABLE 1 in Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil
<p><b>TABLE 1 |</b> List of the currently known Brazilian subterranean fishes species occurring in Brazil, their basins of occurrence, type of habitats / number of localities (caves or non-cave habitats). * Undescribed species with references.</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Species</b></th><th><b>River basin</b></th><th><b>State</b></th><th><b>Habitat / number of caves or localities</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Stygichthys typhlops</i> Brittan & Böhlke, 1965</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>Phreatic / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Eigenmannia vicentespelaea</i> Triques, 1996</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Base-level stream / 2</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ancistrus cryptophthalmus</i> Reis, 1987</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Base-level stream / 4</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ancistrus formoso</i> Sabino & Trajano, 1997</th><td>Upper rio Paraguai</td><td>Mato Grosso do Sul</td><td>Flooded caves / 3</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ancistrus</i> sp. “Bodoquena”* (Trajano, Bichuette, 2010; Borghezan, 2013)</th><td>Upper rio Paraguai</td><td>Mato Grosso do Sul</td><td>Flooded cave / 2</td></tr><tr><th><i>Aspidoras mephisto</i> Tencatt & Bichuette, 2017</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Base-level stream / 2</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus itacarambiensis</i> de Pinna & Trajano, 1996</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus dali</i> Rizzato, Costa-Jr, Trajano & Bichuette, 2011</th><td>Upper rio Paraguai</td><td>Mato Grosso do Sul</td><td>Flooded caves / 3</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus rubbioli</i> Bichuette & Rizzato, 2012</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) /1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus</i> sp. “ramalho”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Trichomycterus</i> sp. “iu iu”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis passensis</i> Fernández & Bichuette, 2002</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis bambui</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2004</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Vadose tributary / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis epikarsticus</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2004</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Epikarst / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis ramiroi</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2004</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Vadose tributary /1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis mambai</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2008</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis boticario</i> Rizzato & Bichuette, 2015</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis</i> sp. “terra ronca”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Vadose tributary / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis</i> sp. “posse”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Ituglanis</i> sp. “canastra”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Upper rio São Francisco</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>Base-level stream</td></tr><tr><th><i>Glaphyropoma spinosum</i> Bichuette, de Pinna & Trajano, 2008</th><td>Upper rio Paraguaçu</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Base-level stream / 8</td></tr><tr><th><i>Copionodon</i> sp. “igatu”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Upper rio Paraguaçu</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Base-level stream / 3</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pimelodella kronei</i> (Miranda Ribeiro, 1907)</th><td>Upper rio Ribeira</td><td>São Paulo</td><td>Base-level stream / 7</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pimelodella spelaea</i> Trajano, Reis & Bichuette, 2007</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Vadose tributary / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pimelodella</i> sp. “açungui”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Upper rio Ribeira</td><td>São Paulo</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdia enfurnada</i> Bichuette & Trajano, 2005</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdia</i> sp. “Bodoquena”* (Trajano, Bichuette, 2010; Borghezan, 2013)</th><td>Upper rio Paraguai</td><td>Mato Grosso do Sul</td><td>Base-level stream / 2</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis krugi</i> Bockmann & Castro, 2010</th><td>Upper rio Paraguaçu</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 12</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “gonçalo”* (Trajano, Bichuette, 2010)</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “cordisburgo”* (Trajano, Bichuette, 2010)</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>Base-level stream / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “ramalho”*, two populations/ morphotypes (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 1 and 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Rhamdiopsis</i> sp. “caatinga”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Middle rio São Francisco</td><td>Bahia</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phenacorhamdia</i> sp. “posse”* (Bichuette, 2021)</th><td>Upper rio Tocantins</td><td>Goiás</td><td>Upper Phreatic (cave) / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phreatobius cisternarum</i> Goeldi, 1905</th><td>Amazon basin</td><td>Amapá; Pará</td><td>Hyporheic (alluvium) / 6</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phreatobius dracunculus</i> Shibatta, Muriel-Cunha & de Pinna, 2007</th><td>Amazon basin</td><td>Rondônia</td><td>Hyporheic (alluvium) / 1</td></tr><tr><th><i>Phreatobius sanguijuela</i> Fernández, Saucedo, Carvajal-Vallejos & Schaefer, 2007</th><td>Amazon basin</td><td>Rondônia</td><td>Hyporheic (alluvium) / 2</td></tr></tbody></table>
Data from: A threat to loyalty: Fear of missing out (FOMO) leads to reluctance to repeat current experiences
<p>We investigate a popular but underresearched concept, the fear of missing out (FOMO), on desirable experiences of which an individual is aware, but in which they do not partake. Through laboratory and field studies, we establish FOMO's pervasiveness as a psychological phenomenon, present real-life contexts wherein FOMO may be experienced, and explore its behavioral consequences. Specifically, we show that FOMO poses a threat to loyalty by decreasing one's intentions to repeat a current experience and may decrease the valuation of the current experience.</p>
What's in a Cyber Threat Intelligence sharing platform? - Appendix
<p>This upload contains the Artificats i.e. surveys and answer datasets for our ACSAC 2021 paper.<br> <br> Full paper reference:</p> <p>Borce Stojkovski, Gabriele Lenzini, Vincent Koenig, and Salvador Rivas. 2021. What’s in a Cyber Threat Intelligence sharing platform?: A mixed-methods user experience investigation of MISP. In Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC ’21), December 6–10, 2021, Virtual Event, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.1145/3485832.3488030</p> <p>The research is supported by the Luxembourg National Research Fund through grant PRIDE15/10621687/SPsquared<br> </p> <p>+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<br> I) CONTENT:<br> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</p> <p>A - Surveys<br> |_ "1 - UEQ+demographics.pdf" <br> |_ "2 - Sentence Completion.pdf"</p> <p>B - Raw participant data<br> |_ "1 - UEQ.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q1.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q2.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q3.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q4.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q5.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q6.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q7.csv"<br> |_ "2 - MISP - SC-Q8.csv"</p> <p><br> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<br> II) DETAILS:<br> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</p> <p>---------------------------------------<br> A - Surveys / 1 - UEQ+demographics.pdf<br> ---------------------------------------<br> - The file consists of two sections, namely the UEQ (page 1) and the Demographics part (pages 2-3). <br> - The User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) is a validated instrument for measuring the user experience of interactive products that consists of 6 scales with 26 items in total [2]. For more information refer to the UEQ handbook [2] or to Section 4.1 of our paper.<br> - The Demographics part consists of 15 questions investigating the types of users and their respective needs on the MISP platform.</p> <p> <br> ---------------------------------------<br> A - Surveys / 2 - Sentence Completion.pdf<br> ---------------------------------------<br> - The file consists of 8 questions i.e. sentence completion stems presented to our study participants as explained in Section 4.1 of our paper.</p> <p><br> ---------------------------------------<br> B - Raw participant data / "1 - UEQ.csv"<br> ---------------------------------------<br> The file contains the (annonymized) raw participant data corresponding to the UEQ and demographics sections of the survey (file: "A - Surveys / 1 - UEQ+demographics.pdf"). It consists of the following fields:<br> - Participant ID<br> - 26 values (Q-ID 1.1 .. 1.26) corresponding to the 26 items of the UEQ scale<br> - 8 values (Q-ID 2.1.1 .. 2.1.8) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 1 ("Which of the following roles best describes how you (intend to) use MISP?")<br> - 14 values (Q-ID 2.2.1 .. 2.2.14) correspondign to the Demographics question No. 2. ("Which of the following categories best describes the organization you work in?")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.3) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 3 ("How long have you been using MISP?")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.4) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 4 ("If applicable, how often do you use MISP?")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.5) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 5 ("Have you attended a training session on MISP before?")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.6) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 6 ("Have you used the MISP training materials before?")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.7) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 7 ("Have you used the MISP virtual machine before? ")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID XTR2.1) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 8 ("Have you used PyMISP - the Python library to access MISP via the API before? ")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID XTR2.2) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 9 ("Have you cloned a MISP repository before? ")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID XTR2.3) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 10 ("Have you contributed to any of the MISP repositories before? ")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.8) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 11 ("Do you have an engineering or computer science background? ")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.9) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 12 ("What is the highest level of school you have completed / degree you have received? ")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.10) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 13 ("What is your age group?")<br> - 1 value (Q-ID 2.11) corresponding to the Demographics question No. 14 ("To which gender identity do you most identify?")</p> <p><br> ---------------------------------------<br> B - Raw participant data / "2 - SC-Q[1..8].csv"<br> ---------------------------------------<br> The 8 files contain the raw participant responses to the different sentence completion questions (see file: "A - Surveys / 2 - Sentence Completion.pdf"). Each file consists of two fields:<br> - Participant ID <br> - 1 value for the sentence completion input.</p> <p>For instance, the file "2 - SC-Q1.csv" corresponds to the Sentence completion stem "When I use MISP, I feel …". Similarly, "2 - SC-Q2.csv" corresponds to the Sentence completion stem "MISP is best for …". The same logic applies to all 8 files ("2 - SC-Q[1..8].csv").</p> <p>REFERENCES:</p> <p>[1] MISP. 2021. MISP - Open Source Threat Intelligence Platform & Open Standards For Threat Information Sharing. Retrieved August 15, 2021 from https://www.misp-project.org</p> <p>[2] UEQ. 2021. User Experience Questionnaire. Retrieved August 15, 2021 from https://www.ueq-online.org/</p> <p>[3] UEQ. 2021. User Experience Questionniare Handbook. Version 8 (31.12.2019). Retrieved August 15, 2021 from: https://www.ueq-online.org/Material/Handbook.pdf</p>
Expert opinion survey on habitat-threat parameters for the PEM-Sul ocean zoning project
<p>This is an ongoing dataset.</p> <p> </p>
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) campaigns database
<p>A manually curated Neo4j database of APTs campaigns spanning from 2008 to 2020 and the related targeted software products. The repository contains the database and the raw data.</p> <p>The dataset is part of the paper "Software Updates Strategies: a Quantitative Evaluation against Advanced Persistent Threats" published at the IEEE TSE.</p> <p>DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2022.3176674">10.1109/TSE.2022.3176674</a></p> <p>Preprint: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.07759">https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.07759</a></p> <p>GitHub page: <a href="https://github.com/giorgioditizio/APTs-database">APT database</a></p>
Data for the paper, "Social media data for environmental sustainability: a critical review of opportunities, threats and ethical use"
<p>These data were collected for the paper, "Social media data for environmental sustainability: a critical review of opportunities, threats and ethical use" published in One Earth. It includes a database of studies applying social media data in environmental sustainability research, which were collected and reviewed in full by the authors. Rather than providing a comprehensive summary of all relevant literature like in a systematic review, our objective was to take stock and evaluate the previous body of work in the field in order to promote conceptual innovation from its critical examination. Building on a set of 169 studies collected in a previous systematic review of social media data applications in environmental research (Ghermandi and Sinclair 2019), the database includes additional relevant studies that were identified by snowballing previous references and adding further gray and scientific academic articles known to the authors. For studies to be included in our analysis, they had to involve the use of data from one or more social media platforms and investigate human interactions with and/or impacts on the environment. We relied on a broad definition of social media including any website or application that enables users to create and share content or to participate in social networking (e.g., blogging sites, recommendation sites, and online forums). We further strengthened the analysis by including insights from additional literature on social media that do not have a direct application to environmental sustainability (e.g., studies on biases in social media data). The final database consists of 415 studies, which were published between 2011 and 2021.</p> <p> </p> <p>Ghermandi, Andrea, and Michael Sinclair. "Passive crowdsourcing of social media in environmental research: A systematic map." <em>Global environmental change</em> 55 (2019): 36-47.</p>
Data for: Combined threats of climate change and contaminant exposure through the lens of bioenergetics
<p>This dataset contains a detailed description of studies identified by a review examining interactive effects of climate change-sensitive environmental variables and chemical contaminant exposure.</p>
Fig. 1 in The highs and lows of serow (Capricornis sumatraensis): multi-scale habitat associations inform large mammal conservation strategies in the face of synergistic threats of deforestation, hunting, and climate change
Fig. 1. Camera-trap image of mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis) from the lowlands of the Pasoh Forest Reserve in Peninsular Malaysia at an elevation of ~100 m.
Fig. 4 in The highs and lows of serow (Capricornis sumatraensis): multi-scale habitat associations inform large mammal conservation strategies in the face of synergistic threats of deforestation, hunting, and climate change
Fig. 4. Regional-scale relationships between serow captures and covariates. Displayed are the variables within the top-performing multivariate model as assessed by lower AICc scores. All covariates are averaged at a 20-km radius around the study area.
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