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Mass and energy fluxes from the US-Jo2 AmeriFlux eddy covariance tower in Tromble Weir experimental watershed at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2010-ongoing
This data package contains metadata for, and links to, 30-minute mass and energy flux data collected at an eddy covariance tower in the Tromble Weir Watershed area of the Jornada Basin in southern New Mexico, USA. These data are used to quantify the water and energy balances in a small experimental watershed, including observational studies to calculate groundwater recharge as a water balance residual, to build relations between soil moisture state and ET flux, and to quantify land-atmosphere interactions and improve our understanding of the eddy covariance method. Additionally, they have been used in modeling studies as a validation of model performance. The .csv files included in this package list and describe the data entities and variables present in data files archived at the AmeriFlux data repository (site US-Jo2; http://ameriflux.lbl.gov/sites/siteinfo/US-Jo2). The data at AmeriFlux include the 30-minute mass and energy fluxes calculated from 20 Hz data collected at the Tromble Weir Watershed tower. Instrument descriptions and detailed procedures are found in the references listed in the Methods section of this EDI package. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated annually.
Microarthropod and nematode effects on soil nitrogen availability in fluffgrass mesocosms at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1986-1987
This data package contains soil nitrogen measurements taken over a 12-week interval in soils treated to exclude microarthropods and nematodes. The purpose of this study was to test if changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes results in changes in soil nitrogen availability. In 1986 and 1987, 110 fluff grass (Dasyochloa pulchella) plants were collected from the Jornada Basin College Ranch and transplanted into pots, which contained 5 replicates of each treatment. The 4 treatments include 1) control, 2) NEMACUR (to exclude nematodes), 3) chlordane (to exclude mites) and 4) NEMACUR + Chlordane. Each was sampled 5 times during a 12-week interval after the initial treatment. Pots were watered weekly to maintain conditions at field capacity. Samples were taken from the rhizosphere and analyzed for NO3(-)- N, NH4(+)-N, Inorganic-N, microbial-N, % H20, % organic matter, root biomass, and nematode density. This study was completed in 1987.
Effects of microarthropod exclusion and water amendments on fluffgrass rhizosphere nitrogen mineralization potential at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987
This data package contains data on soil nitrogen mineralization potential in the rhizosphere of fluffgrass (Dasyochloa pulchella) plants from 1987. This study was conducted at the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center to test how watering, and changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes, impacts fluffgrass growth and nutrient cycling. Twenty 6 x 6 m plots were established with a 3 m buffer between plots. Five plots were randomly assigned to one of four treatments:1) Chlordane (to exclude microarthropods), 2) Chlordane and water, 3) Water, and 4) Control. Three randomly located subsamples were taken from each plot and consisted of the fluff grass plant, a 10 cm in diameter and 15 cm deep soil core centered on each plant. Samples were incubated for 0, 2, 4, or 8 weeks. This data set contains information on the incubation time, soil nitrate (NO3-), soil ammonium (NH4+), and soil water content for each subsample. This data were collected in May 1987 and the study is complete.
Effects of microarthropod exclusion and water amendments on fluffgrass tissue nitrogen at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1986
This data package contains fluff grass (Dasyochloa pulchella) tissue nitrogen data from plants collected at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA, in 1987. The purpose of this study was to test how watering, and changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes, results in changes in fluff grass growth and nitrogen acquisition. Twenty 6 x 6 m plots were established with a 3 m buffer between plots. Five plots were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) Chlordane to exclude microarthropods, 2) Chlordane and water, 3) Water, and 4) Control. For four consecutive months, randomly selected fluff grass plants were collected from each plot and the flowers, green leaves, and grey leaves were separated for total nitrogen digestion analysis and dry weight measurement. This data set consists of sampling date, treatment, plant matter, total nitrogen (mg/g) and dry weight (g). Data was collected in 1987 and the study is complete.
Effects of microarthropod exclusion and water amendments on fluffgrass growth, root nitrogen, and mite and nematode abundance at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1986-1987
This data package contains data on microarthropods, nematodes, fluff-grass (Dasyochloa pulchella) growth, and root nitrogen in samples from study plots sampled approximately monthly between May 1986 and August 1987 at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico USA. The purpose of this study was to test how watering, and changing densities of soil microarthropods and nematodes, results in changes in fluff grass growth and root nitrogen. Twenty 6 x 6 m plots were established with a 3 m buffer between plots. Five plots were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) Chlordane to exclude microarthropods, 2) Chlordane and water, 3) Water, and 4) Control. At monthly intervals, randomly selected fluff grass plants were collected from each plot. This data set consists of plant diameters (cm), mite soil weight (g), root weight (g), nematode soil weight (g), root total nitrogen (mg/g), and nematode number. This study was completed in November 1987.
Nitrogen and phosphorus content of mesquite tree tissues from four habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1986
This data package contains data on measured concentrations of nutrients in mesquite tree tissues collected from four habitat types at the Jornada Basin LTER site. These habitat types include: (1)playa, (2)arroyo,(3)dunes, and (4)grassland and samples were collected in conjunction with phenology studies and natural abundance of N15 sampling during 1986. Leaves, stems, flowers, and pods were collected from mesquite sample tissues and individually digested and analyzed for total nitrogen (Kjeldahl) and total phosphorus. This data set consists of the date of collection, collection site, leaf total nitrogen, stem total nitrogen, flower total nitrogen, pod total nitrogen, leaf total phosphorus, stem total phosphorus, flower total phosphorus, and pod total phosphorus. Data from this study was collected in 1986. Further data was collected in 1987, but had differing attributes and is therefore published in a separate data package (knb-lter-jrn.210386009).
Nitrogen and phosphorus content of mesquite tree tissues from four habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This data package contains data on measured concentrations of nutrients in mesquite tree tissues collected from four habitat types at the Jornada Basin LTER site. These habitat types include: (1)playa, (2)arroyo,(3)dunes, and (4)grassland and samples were collected in conjunction with phenology studies and natural abundance of N15 sampling during 1987. Leaves, stems, flowers, and pods were collected from mesquite sample tissues and individually digested and analyzed for total nitrogen (Kjeldahl) and total phosphorus. This data set consists of the date of collection, collection site, leaf total nitrogen, stem total nitrogen, flower total nitrogen, pod total nitrogen, leaf total phosphorus, stem total phosphorus, flower total phosphorus, and pod total phosphorus. Data from this study was collected in 1987. Prior data was collected in 1986, but had differing attributes and is therefore published in a separate data package (knb-lter-jrn.210386008).
Nitrate, ammonium, and water content of mesquite root tube soil from three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This data package contains data on measured root tube soil nutrients from soil cores collected under mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa)at three habitat types of the Jornada Experimental Range and New Mexico State University College Ranch. These habitat types include: 1)playa, 2)dunes, and (4)grassland. Soil core samples were collected in 1987 by hand-augering a reference core and a root tube core. Subsamples were analyzed for nitrate, ammonium, and soil moisture contents. This data set consists of the date of collection, collection site, nitrate concentration, ammonium concentration, and percent soil moisture. Collected variables also include treatments (irradiation and nematicide) that are not well-documented at this time. Data collection was completed in 1987.
Pre-dawn water potential of leaves from reduced and enhanced precipitation treatments at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2007-2008
This data package contains pre-dawn water potential data for leaves collected from mesquite shrubs and black grama grasses at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 2007-2008. The purpose of this study was to quantify ecophysiological performance of shrubs and grasses in the context of precipitation manipulations. One mesquite and one black grama leaf from each plot (n = 20 plots; 5 PPT treatments X 4 replicate plots/treatment) were measured 5 times beginning July 2007 and ending in August 2008. The precipitation treatments consisted of +/-80%, +/-50%, and ambient/control. Leaves were excised from plants and immediately measured for water potential (MPa) with a pressure chamber at least 0.5 h before dawn. The data set is complete.
LTM01 Herbarium and grassland sites leaf trait measurements at Konza Prairie
Using herbarium specimens spanning 133 years and field-collected measurements, we assessed intraspecific trait (leaf structure and stomata) variability from grass species in the Great Plains of North America. We focused on two widespread, closely-related grasses from tribe Paniceae: Dichanthelium oligosanthes subsp. scribnerianum (C3) and Panicum virgatum (C4). Thirty-one specimens per taxon were sampled from local herbaria from the years 1887 – 2013 to assess trait responses across time to changes in atmospheric [CO2] and growing season precipitation and temperature. In 2021 and 2022, the species were measured from eight grasslands sites to explore how traits vary spatially across natural continental precipitation and temperature gradients. For temporal trends, we predicted Δ13C would decrease in D. oligosanthes and exhibit no change in P. virgatum. Dichanthelium oligosanthes is a C3 species, which we predict will respond to increased [CO2] concentrations by increasing its WUE to either conserve water while maintaining the same rates of photosynthesis or increase photosynthesis and maintain the same rates of water loss, thus decreasing Δ13C. We did not expect Δ13C of P. virgatum to respond over time because discrimination in C4 species is minimally affected by [CO2]. We also predicted both grasses will increase tissue C:N ratios and decrease stomatal density and stomatal lengths on both sides of the leaves in response to increased [CO2] over time. Lastly, we hypothesized %N and δ15N would decrease for both taxa. Because both taxa are widely distributed across North America and are known to exhibit variation in leaf morphology, we expected specific leaf area (SLA) to be greater in areas with warmer temperatures but not be correlated with differences in precipitation. We expect leaf dry matter content (LDMC) to increase with greater precipitation and decrease with higher temperatures.
Soil geochemistry and microbial community data from glaciated and potential glacial refugia sites in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2019)
A study was conducted to examine soil microbial communities and associated geochemical parameters at potential glacial refugia and glaciated control sites throughout the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. Soil samples were collected as part of ongoing long-term monitoring efforts by the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research program (MCM LTER). The oldest samples used in this study were collected during the 1993-1994 austral summer, and the newest from the 2018-2019 austral summer. "Refugia" sites were selected based on geographical positions and elevations indicative of potential glacial refugia status. Each refugia site was paired with a lower elevation "glaciated" site in the same dry valley that was not likely to have functioned as a refugium. Six replicate soils per sampling site were sequenced with 16S primers following Earth Microbiome Project protocols, filtered using the DADA2 pipeline, and clustered to amplicon sequence variant using the SILVA reference database to generate the microbial classification table included herein. Soil samples were also analyzed for various geochemical parameters as part of this study, which include P, K, NO3-, gravimetric water content, percent organic matter, pH, and electroconductivity.
Snow depth sensor measurement data for Alpine site, 2010 - 2015
Effects of infrared heaters on snow accumulation, snowmelt, and snow–atmosphere energy exchange were examined at Niwot Ridge, Colorado (CO). These .zip data files contains hourly snow depth measurements collected using Judd snow depth sensors for water year 2010-2015 (1 October 2009 – 30 September 2015) at the Alpine site, located just southwest of the Tundra Lab in the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research (NWTLTER) project area. The file contains both level 0 and level 1 (see details in “Process Description” below) hourly snow depth data measured in centimeters, and an accompanying metadata file.
Snow depth sensor measurement data for Lower Sub Alpine site, 2010 - 2015
Effects of infrared heaters on snow accumulation, snowmelt, and snow–atmosphere energy exchange were examined at Niwot Ridge, Colorado (CO). These .zip data files contains hourly snow depth measurements collected using Judd snow depth sensors for water year 2010-2015 (1 October 2009 – 30 September 2015) at the Lower Sub Alpine site, located southeast of the Tundra Lab, below treeline in the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research (NWTLTER) project area. The file contains both level 0 and level 1 (see details in “Process Description” below) hourly snow depth data measured in centimeters, and an accompanying metadata file.
Stream water chemistry data for Watershed Flume site, 2005 - ongoing.
This is a summary of major ion concentrations for stream water samples collected at the outflow of the Flume sampling site. The flume sampling site is located in the Green Lakes Valley which is part of the Boulder County Watershed and located near Niwot Ridge.
Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR) from 26 sites across vegetation community gradient in and near sensor network, 2017
In alpine ecosystems, small-scale variations in topography determine the spatial and temporal “patchiness” of snow accumulation, snowmelt, vegetation, and biological activity. In the Niwot Ridge Long-term Ecological Research Program VII proposal, Suding and colleagues specifically articulate a need to determine how asynchronous responses across a landscape affect catchment-scale export of water and nutrients in the context of changing climate (H4). Accordingly, we must develop an understanding of how asynchronous responses in patch-scale behavior including microbial activity and decomposition are connected hydrologically, how they aggregate at the catchment scale, and how those relationships may change in the future. To address this, we measured substrate induced respiration (SIR; analogous to microbial biomass) from alpine tundra soils at 26 locations across a soil moisture and corresponding vegetation community composition gradient that included NWT sensor network nodes 6 through 21 in the Saddle stream catchment. These data help to constrain interactions between patch-scale alpine biogeochemical and hydrological processes over space and time.
Root endophyte colonization in the black sand extended growing season experiment for Audubon, Lefty, East Knoll and Trough sites, 2023.
This dataset contains detailed microscopy-based observations of root colonization by three major fungal guilds—arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), dark septate endophytes (DSE), and fine root endophytes (FRE)—across multiple alpine plant species sampled from experimental black sand (early snowmelt) plots in the Rocky Mountains. Root samples were collected from plots subjected to different snowmelt timing treatments ("Early" and "Control") using black sand to cause early snowmelt to investigate the effects of phenological shifts in plants on fungal colonization. Each sample includes metadata on collection date, field location, plant species, and staining/scoring logistics, as well as quantified colonization metrics such as hyphae, arbuscules, vesicles, and other fungal structures. This dataset supports ongoing research into how alpine plant–fungal interactions respond to changing environmental conditions and may help identify shifts in mutualistic and non-mutualistic associations under climate-altered snowmelt regimes.
Aboveground net primary productivity, species composition and species richness data for NutNet site, 2007 - 2017
In 2007, a NutNet (http://www.nutnet.umn.edu/) site was established in a dry meadow site east of T-van on Niwot Ridge to assess multiple resource limitation on alpine grassland productivity and species composition. Nutrient treatments were added every other year starting in 2008. Treatments consisted of eight levels of nutrient addition (control, N, P, micro, N+P, N+micro, P+micro, and N+P+micro), replicated across four blocks. Untreated controls and all-nutrient treatments were replicated twice within each block for a total of 40 experiment plots. Starting in 2016, Potassium (K) was added as potash (K2SO4) to plots treated with micronutrients. Baseline data on above-ground biomass was sampled in 2007, prior to fertilizer application. Biomass clipping was repeated in 2013 and species composition measured in 2013 and 2017.
Aboveground biomass of Typha sp. at Upper Parker River brackish marsh site.
Aboveground biomass is determined non-destructively during the growing season at a Typha-dominated brackish marsh on the Parker River within the Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER site.
Marsh water table height, logging data from the Railroad site on the Parker River for July-November 2004.
Measurements of water table height in the Parker River marsh located downstream of the railroad bridge. Measurements were taken every 10 minutes at each logger along a transect of water level loggers running perpendicular to the Parker River bank at the railroad site, MAR-PR-Wtable-RR, for July-November 2004.
Marsh water table height, logging data from the Railroad site on the Parker River for April-December 2006.
Measurements of water table height in the Parker River marsh located downstream of the railroad bridge. Measurements were taken every 10 minutes at each logger along a transect of water level loggers running perpendicular to the Parker River bank at the railroad site, MAR-PR-Wtable-RR, for April - December 2006.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.