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Figure 11 in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 11. Parasabella bioculata sp. nov. scanning electron microscope photographs. A, anterior thoracic chaetigers and base of radiolar crown, ventral view, showing ventral shields separated from neuropodial tori. B, same, lateral view. C, same, dorsal view. D, inside of radiolar crown, frontal view, showing dorsal lips and long radiolar appendages. E, elongate, narrowly hooded collar chaetae. F, midthoracic chaetiger, elongate, narrowly hooded superior thoracic chaetae, and inferior, broadly hooded type B chaetae. G, thoracic uncini. H, companion chaetae. I, midabdominal, narrowly hooded neurochaetae. J, abdominal uncini. A–J, AM W.36449.

Figure 8 in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 8. Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella aulaconota colour micrographs. A, B, live specimen, anterior end, dorsal view. C–F, preserved specimen. C, detail of remaining pigmentation on radioles. D, anterior end showing collar margins, ventral lappets, ventral shields, and neuropodial tori. E, anterior end, lateral view. F, anterior end, dorsal view, showing dorsal collar margins. A, B, AM W.35612; C, AM W.47006; D–F, AM W.22480.

Figure 6. Parasabella aberrans spp. complex, colour micrographs. A in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 6. Parasabella aberrans spp. complex, colour micrographs. A, crown and anterior thoracic segments, lateral view. B, thoracic chaetigers showing ventral shields in contact with neuropodial tori. C, anterior thoracic chaetigers and base of crown, showing collar ventral lappets and shape of ventral shields. D, anterior thoracic segments in dorsal view, showing the stiff fleshy swelling separated by the faecal groove. E, same. F, fleshy swelling continuous across dorsum. A, AM W.36946; B, D, AM W.36935; C, E, AM W.36430; F, AM W.32018.

Figure 7. Parasabella aberrans spp. complex, scanning electron microscope photographs. A in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 7. Parasabella aberrans spp. complex, scanning electron microscope photographs. A, anterior thoracic chaetigers and base of radiolar crown, ventral view. B, same, showing collar, lateral view. C, collar dorsal margins, lateral view. D, collar dorsal margins and fleshy swelling divided in two by faecal groove, dorsal view. E, fleshy swelling continuous across dorsum. F, elongate, narrowly hooded collar chaetae. G, inferior thoracic notochaetae (broadly hooded, type B). H, thoracic uncini and companion chaetae. I, J, thoracic uncini from specimens with continuous and divided dorsal swellings, respectively. K, L, companion chaetae from specimens with continuous and divided dorsal swelling, respectively. M, midabdominal, narrowly hooded neurochaetae. N, abdominal uncini. O, posterior abdominal chaetigers and pygidium, ventral view. A, B, D, F, G, H, M, N, AM W.36935; C, E, J, L, O, AM W.32018; I, K, AM W.36430.

Figure 4 in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 4. Cross-sections of radioles near the base showing the supporting cartilaginous vacuolated cells in the rachis (with grey nuclei), surrounded by an extracellular cartilaginous sheath (white) and covered by columnar epithelium (grey). Upper side of drawings are the outer margin of radioles; on the bottom incomplete pinnules are sketched with a blood vessel (black) in between. A, Parasabella aberrans spp. complex. B, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella aulaconota. C, Parasabella fullo. D, Parasabella bioculata sp. nov. E, Parasabella crassichaetae sp. nov. complex. F, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella japonica. G, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella rugosa. H, Sabellomma cupoculata sp. nov. A, AM W.36947; B, AMW.47009; C, ZMB 5731; D, AM W.46840; E, AM W.47181; F, AM W.36450; G, AM W.36431; H, AM W.47189.

Figure 1 in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 1. Maps with collecting sites in Australia. A, Parasabella aberrans spp. complex, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella aulaconota, Parasabella bioculata sp. nov. B, Parasabella crassichaetae sp. nov. complex, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella japonica, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella rugosa, Sabellomma cupoculata sp. nov.

Figure 2 in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 2. Comparison of chaetae from different Parasabella, Sabellomma, and Megalomma species. A–G, thoracic inferior chaetae. A, Parasabella crassichaetae sp. nov. complex, with type A chaetae (broad hoods and distal ends narrowing abruptly). B–F, type B chaetae (slender hoods and with a progressively tapering distal tip). B, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella aulaconota. C, Parasabella aberrans spp. complex. D, Parasabella bioculata sp. nov. E, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella japonica. F, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella rugosa, G, Sabellomma cupoculata sp. nov., with type A chaetae. H–M, companion chaetae. H, I, with hoods transversely flattened. H, Megalomma interrupta Capa & Murray, 2009. I, Megalomma phyllisae Capa & Murray, 2009. J, K, with hoods laterally compressed; J, Parasabella crassichaetae sp. nov. complex. K, Parasabella sp. cf. Parasabella rugosa. L, M, with hoods transversely flattened but with very thin, almost needle-like distal mucro. L, Sabellomma cupoculata sp. nov., companion chaeate, top view. M, S. cupoculata sp. nov., companion chaeate, side view.

Figure 3. Maximum likelihood topologies. A, cytochrome oxidase 1 fragments. B, internal transcribed spacer fragment. C, combined data set. Bootstrap supports over 75 in Integrative taxonomy of Parasabella and Sabellomma (Sabellidae: Annelida) from Australia: description of new species, indication of cryptic diversity, and translocation of some species out of their natural distribution range

Figure 3. Maximum likelihood topologies. A, cytochrome oxidase 1 fragments. B, internal transcribed spacer fragment. C, combined data set. Bootstrap supports over 75% shown on nodes. Scale bar, average of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 6 in Integrative insect taxonomy based on morphology, mitochondrial DNA, and hyperspectral reflectance profiling

Figure 6. Neighbour-joining (NJ) tree (Kimura two-parameter, K2P) for 37 sequences of combined cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S. The node support: bootstrap NJ (K2P)/NJ (Tamura three-parameter, T3P)/minimum evolution (ME) (K2P). Bootstrap values of less than 50 are not displayed.

Figure 5 in Integrative insect taxonomy based on morphology, mitochondrial DNA, and hyperspectral reflectance profiling

Figure 5. Neighbour-joining tree (Kimura two-parameter, K2P) for 39 barcode cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences. The node support: bootstrap neighbour-joining (NJ) (K2P)/NJ (Tamura three-parameter, T3P)/minimum evolution (ME) (K2P). Bootstrap values of less than 50 are not displayed.

Figure 4 in Integrative insect taxonomy based on morphology, mitochondrial DNA, and hyperspectral reflectance profiling

Figure 4. Male: A–H, Bundera heichiana Li & Wang, 1991; I–P, Bundera emeiana Li & Wang, 1994. A, I, habitus, dorsal view; B, J, habitus, lateral view; C, K, head, dorsal view; D, L, face; E, M, pygofer, lateral view; F, N, aedeagal, lateral view; G, O, aedeagal, ventral view; H, P, connective and style, ventral view.

Figure 3 in Integrative insect taxonomy based on morphology, mitochondrial DNA, and hyperspectral reflectance profiling

Figure 3. Male: A–H, Bundera pellucida Li & Wang, 2001; I–P, Bundera sp. 4; Q–X, Bundera sp. 3. A, I, Q, habitus, dorsal view; B, J, R, habitus, lateral view; C, K, S, head, dorsal view; D, L, T, face; E, M, U, pygofer, lateral view; F, N, V, aedeagal, lateral view; G, O, W, aedeagal, ventral view; H, P, X, connective and style, ventral view.

Figure 1 in Integrative insect taxonomy based on morphology, mitochondrial DNA, and hyperspectral reflectance profiling

Figure 1. Average reflectance profiles and dorsal habitus of the seven species included in this study.

Fig. 11 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 11. Distribution map, face view, lateral view of petiole-AIV, and dorsal view of AIII-AIV of Syscia madrensis (holotype worker), S. JTL066 (worker, CASENT0610648), S. benevidesae (holotype worker), S. chiapaneca (holotype worker), S. parietalis (holotype worker), S. setosa (holotype worker), S. JTL073 (worker, MCZ-ENT00511569), S. JTL075 (worker, CASENT0601445), S. disjuncta (holotype worker), and S. augustae (worker, CASENT0644275). Species are in order of mean HW, which is shown in the lower left of the distribution map. Scale bars 0.2 mm. On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 10 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 10. Distribution map, face view, lateral view of petiole-AIV, and dorsal view of AIII-AIV of Syscia jennierussae (holotype worker), S. persimilis (holotype worker), S. JTL018 (worker, JTLC000013995), S. machaquila (holotype worker), S. murillocruzae (holotype worker), S. truncata (holotype worker), S. JTL084 (worker, FMNHINS0000095760), S. JTL050 (worker, CASENT0249320), S. JTL082 (worker, CASENT0617700), and S. honduriana (lectotype worker). Species are in order of mean HW, which is shown in the lower left of the distribution map. Scale bars 0.2 mm. On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 7 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 7. Phylogenetic relationships among COI barcode sequences for Syscia. Red samples were sequenced for UCEs. Black samples were downloaded from the BOLD database.The tree was inferred using IQ-TREE with the data partitioned by codon position. Black circles on nodes indicate high support, which we define as ≥95% ultrafast bootstrap support and ≥95% SH-like branch support. Clades of named species are shaded as a visual aid, with gray outlines indicating non-monophyly of species.

Fig. 1 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 1. Variation in Syscia occipital carina. (A) Flange weakly developed, less visible in face view. (B) Flange strongly developed, easily visible in face view.

Fig. 6 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 6. Phylogeny of New World Syscia, inferred using the program IQ-TREE and 1,388 UCE loci.Two outgroup taxa (two species of Ooceraea) are not shown. Node support values (ultrafast bootstrap/SH-like) <100/100 are depicted with red dots.The imaged specimen is S. ticomontana (CASENT0644376).

Fig. 3 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 3. Variation in Syscia profiles and pilosity. (A) AIII in dorsal view trapezoidal, with convex sides. (B) AIII in dorsal view weakly trapezoidal, with convex sides. (C) AIII in dorsal view trapezoidal, with flat sides. (D) AIV in dorsal view, with convex sides, anterior margin not truncate. (E) AIV in dorsal view, with convex sides, anterior margin moderately truncate. (F) AIV in dorsal view, with nearly flat sides, anterior margin strongly truncate. (G) AIII dorsal profile strongly convex. (H) AIII dorsal profile weakly convex. (I) AIII dorsal profile flat. (J) AIV dorsal profile convex. (K) AIV dorsal profile weakly convex. (L) AIV dorsal profile flat. (A, B, G, J) Standing pilosity long, coarse. (C, H, K) Standing pilosity of medium length and thickness. (I, L) Standing pilosity short, fine.

Fig. 13 in Integrating UCE Phylogenomics With Traditional Taxonomy Reveals a Trove of New World Syscia Species (Formicidae: Dorylinae)

Fig. 13. Distribution map, face view, lateral view of petiole-AIV, and dorsal view of AIII-AIV of Syscia latepunctata (holotype worker), S. borowieci (holotype worker), S. volucris (holotype worker), S. JTL076 (queen, CASENT0614221),S. JTL064 (worker, CASENT0631661), S. JTL033 (worker, CASENT0611831),S. grandis (holotype worker), and S. JTL003 (worker, INB0003213589). Species are in order of mean HW, which is shown in the lower left of the distribution map. Scale bars 0.2 mm. On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.