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Fig. 3 in Gyrodactylus molweni sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Chelon richardsonii (Smith, 1846) (Mugilidae) from Table Bay, South Africa

Fig. 3. Comparison of the marginal hook sickle of Gyrodactylus molweni sp. n. (dotted outline) with those of Gyrodactylus species described from various mullet species and with a number of closely related species. Each pair of marginal hook sickles are aligned by their inner curved faces. A. G. molweni sp. n.; B. G. arcuatus Bychowsky, 1933 (drawn from a scanning electron micrograph of liberated hooks from specimens parasitizing Gasterosteus aculeatus L.); C. G. arcuatoides Huyse, Malmberg and Volckaert, 2004 (redrawn from Huyse et al., 2004); D. G. branchialis Huyse, Malmberg and Volckaert, 2004 (redrawn from Huyse et al., 2004); E. G. flavescensis Huyse, Malmberg and Volckaert, 2004 (redrawn from Huyse et al., 2004); F. G. gondae Huyse, Malmberg and Volckaert, 2004 (redrawn from Huyse et al., 2004); G. G. mugelus Rawson, 1973 (redrawn from Rawson, 1973); and, H. G. zhukovi Ling, 1963 (redrawn from Miroshnichenko and Maltsev, 1998).

Fig. 1 in Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from the saw-scaled viper, Echis carinatus sochureki Stemmler (Ophidia: Viperidae), one of the world's deadliest snakes, from the United Arab Emirates

Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. from Echis carinatus sochureki, United Arab Emirates. A – subapical view of the scolex. B – frontal view of the scolex. C – detail of suckers. D–J – microtriches on the apex of the scolex, external (non-adherent) surface of suckers, upper rim, luminal surface and lower rim of suckers, between suckers and neck, respectively. Note: small black letters in A and B correspond to the figures showing higher magnification images of these surfaces.

Fig. 3. Ophiotaenia echidis n in Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from the saw-scaled viper, Echis carinatus sochureki Stemmler (Ophidia: Viperidae), one of the world's deadliest snakes, from the United Arab Emirates

Fig. 3. Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. from Echis carinatus sochureki, United Arab Emirates. A - pregravid proglottid, holotype, MHNG-PLAT-0137383, dorsal view. B – gravid proglottid, paratype, IPCAS C-876/1, ventral view. Abbrevations: cs: cirrus-sac; eci: everted cirrus; oc: osmoregulatory canal; ov: ovary; te: testes; ut: uterus; vc: vaginal canal; vf: vitelline follicles.

Fig. 2. Ophiotaenia echidis n in Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from the saw-scaled viper, Echis carinatus sochureki Stemmler (Ophidia: Viperidae), one of the world's deadliest snakes, from the United Arab Emirates

Fig. 2. Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. from Echis carinatus sochureki, United Arab Emirates. A – scolex, IPCAS C-876/1 (UAE 04). B – posterior part of proglottid, holotype, MHNG-PLAT-0137383, dorsal view. C – terminal genitalia with evaginated cirrus and vaginal sphincter, MHNG-PLAT-0137385, ventral view. D – cross section at level of anterior part of pregravid proglottid, MHNG-PLAT-0120507. E – egg with a trilayered embryophore, drawn in distilled water, MHNG-PLAT-0120507. F – cross section at level of the vagina, showing the vaginal sphincter, mature proglottid, MHNG-PLAT-0120507. G – terminal genitalia, C-876/1 (UAE 04 TS), dorsal view. H, I – eggs with a trilayered embryophore, drawn in distilled water, MHNG-PLAT-0120507. Abbrevations: ci: cirrus; cs: cirrus-sac; doc: dorsal osmoregulatory canal; ec: ejaculatory duct; em: trilayered embryophore; ilm: internal longitudinal musculature; ln: longitudinal nerve cord; loc: lateral osmoregulatory canal; Mg: Mehlis' glands; oc: secondary osmoregulatory canals; oe: outer envelope; on: oncosphere; ot: ootype; ov: ovary; sc: subtegumental cells; te: testes; tg: tegument; ud: uterine diverticula; up: uterine pore; us: uterine stem; ut: uterus; va: vas deferens; vc: vaginal canal; vd: vitelline duct; vf: vitelline follicles; voc: ventral osmoregulatory canal; vs: vaginal sphincter.

Fig. 4 in Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from the saw-scaled viper, Echis carinatus sochureki Stemmler (Ophidia: Viperidae), one of the world's deadliest snakes, from the United Arab Emirates

Fig. 4. Maximum likelihood phylograms of the relationships of Ophiotaenia echidis n. sp. among selected Proteocephalidae inferred from partial lsrDNA (A), and concatenated lsrDNA + COI datasets (B). Colours of branch and species names correspond to the zoogeographical realms of the isolates as proposed by Holt et al. (2013) (see inset). Branch length scale bar indicates number of substitutions per site. Abbreviations: AUS, Australian; AFR, Afrotropical; MAD, Madagascan; NEA, Nearctic; NEO, Neotropical; PAN, Panamanian; ORI, Oriental; SAH, Saharo-Arabian; * indicates tapeworms from viperid snakes (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Рис. 99.Точки нахоΑок Zelotes fuscus (круг), Z. subterraneus (кваΑрат), Z.dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. (треугоΛьник) на Кавказе и в ПреΑкавказье. Fig. 99. Localities of Zelotes fuscus (circle), Z. subterraneus (square), Z. dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. (triangle) in the Caucasus and Ciscaucasia. in A review of spiders of the genus Zelotes Gistel, 1848 of the subterraneus-group (Aranei: Gnaphosidae) from the Caucasus and Ciscaucasia

Рис. 99.Точки нахоΑок Zelotes fuscus (круг), Z. subterraneus (кваΑрат), Z.dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. (треугоΛьник) на Кавказе и в ПреΑкавказье. Fig. 99. Localities of Zelotes fuscus (circle), Z. subterraneus (square), Z. dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. (triangle) in the Caucasus and Ciscaucasia.

Рис. 80–86. КопуΛятивные органы Zelotes dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. 80–83 – паΛьпа самца: 80–82 – вентраΛьно, 83 – ΛатераΛьно; 84 – буΛьбус ΛатераΛьно; 85–86 – эпигина: 85 – вентраΛьно, 86 – ΑорсаΛьно. 80, 82–86 – экземпΛяры с бархана Сарыкум, Δагестан; 81 – экземпΛяр из окрестностей с. Гаша, Δагестан. Масштабная Λинейка 0.25 мм. Figs 80–86. Copulatory organs of Zelotes dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. 80–83 – male palp: 80–82 – ventral view, 83 – lateral view; 84 – bulbus, lateral view; 85–86 – epigyne: 85 – ventral view, 86 – dorsal view. 80, 82–86 – specimens from barkhan Sarykum, Dagestan; 81 – specimen from Gasha village environs, Dagestan. Scale bar 0.25 mm. in A review of spiders of the genus Zelotes Gistel, 1848 of the subterraneus-group (Aranei: Gnaphosidae) from the Caucasus and Ciscaucasia

Рис. 80–86. КопуΛятивные органы Zelotes dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. 80–83 – паΛьпа самца: 80–82 – вентраΛьно, 83 – ΛатераΛьно; 84 – буΛьбус ΛатераΛьно; 85–86 – эпигина: 85 – вентраΛьно, 86 – ΑорсаΛьно. 80, 82–86 – экземпΛяры с бархана Сарыкум, Δагестан; 81 – экземпΛяр из окрестностей с. Гаша, Δагестан. Масштабная Λинейка 0.25 мм. Figs 80–86. Copulatory organs of Zelotes dagestanus Ponomarev, sp. n. 80–83 – male palp: 80–82 – ventral view, 83 – lateral view; 84 – bulbus, lateral view; 85–86 – epigyne: 85 – ventral view, 86 – dorsal view. 80, 82–86 – specimens from barkhan Sarykum, Dagestan; 81 – specimen from Gasha village environs, Dagestan. Scale bar 0.25 mm.

Рис. 5. Типовое местонахожΑение Dorcadion natali sp. n. Fig. 5. The type locality of Dorcadion natali sp. n. in A new species of Dorcadion Dalman, 1817 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from East Kazakhstan

Рис. 5. Типовое местонахожΑение Dorcadion natali sp. n. Fig. 5. The type locality of Dorcadion natali sp. n.

Рис. 2–4. ВиΑы роΑа Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – cамец, гоΛотип, 3 – самка, паратип; 4 – D. urdzharicum, самец. Figs 1–4. Species of the genus Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – male, holotype, 3 – female, paratype; 4 – D. urdzharicum, male. in A new species of Dorcadion Dalman, 1817 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from East Kazakhstan

Рис. 2–4. ВиΑы роΑа Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – cамец, гоΛотип, 3 – самка, паратип; 4 – D. urdzharicum, самец. Figs 1–4. Species of the genus Dorcadion. 2–3 – D. natali sp. n.: 2 – male, holotype, 3 – female, paratype; 4 – D. urdzharicum, male.

Рис. 1. Распространение виΑов Dorcadion (s. str.) Dalman, 1817 в Восточном Казахстане. 1 – южные преΑгорья хр. Тарбагатай, типовое местонахожΑение D. urdzharicum; 2 – северные преΑгорья и скΛоны Тарбагатая и Саура, местонахожΑение D. songaricum; 3 – степи северо-запаΑнее оз. СасыккоΛь, местонахожΑение D. cephalotes; 4 – преΑгорья у югозапаΑного берега оз. АΛакоΛь, типовое местонахожΑение D. alakoliense; 5 – 47 км юго-восточнее Маканчи, типовое местонахожΑение D. natali sp. n. Fig. 1. Localities of species of Dorcadion (s. str.) Dalman, 1817 in East Kazakhstan. 1 – southern foothills of the Tarbagatai Ridge, type locality of D. urdzharicum; 2 – northern foothills and slopes of the Tarbagatai and Saur, locality of D. songaricum; 3 – steppes NW of Sasykkol Lake, locality of D. cephalotes; 4 – foothills at the SW shore of Alakol Lake, type locality of D. alakoliense; 5 – 47 km SE Makanchi, type locality of D. natali sp. n. in A new species of Dorcadion Dalman, 1817 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from East Kazakhstan

Рис. 1. Распространение виΑов Dorcadion (s. str.) Dalman, 1817 в Восточном Казахстане. 1 – южные преΑгорья хр. Тарбагатай, типовое местонахожΑение D. urdzharicum; 2 – северные преΑгорья и скΛоны Тарбагатая и Саура, местонахожΑение D. songaricum; 3 – степи северо-запаΑнее оз. СасыккоΛь, местонахожΑение D. cephalotes; 4 – преΑгорья у югозапаΑного берега оз. АΛакоΛь, типовое местонахожΑение D. alakoliense; 5 – 47 км юго-восточнее Маканчи, типовое местонахожΑение D. natali sp. n. Fig. 1. Localities of species of Dorcadion (s. str.) Dalman, 1817 in East Kazakhstan. 1 – southern foothills of the Tarbagatai Ridge, type locality of D. urdzharicum; 2 – northern foothills and slopes of the Tarbagatai and Saur, locality of D. songaricum; 3 – steppes NW of Sasykkol Lake, locality of D. cephalotes; 4 – foothills at the SW shore of Alakol Lake, type locality of D. alakoliense; 5 – 47 km SE Makanchi, type locality of D. natali sp. n.

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Рис. 1–11. Mimela spp., имаго и ΔетаΛи строения. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., гоΛотип, самец; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, самец («Tenasserim»); 9 – M. nigrosellata, гоΛотип, самец (о. Ява, «Java coll. Nonfried»); 10–11 – M. gressitti comb. n., паратип, самка. 1, 10 – общий виΔ; 2, 11 – простернаΛьный отросток; 3 – переΔняя Λапка; 4, 7, 9 – эΔеагус, виΔ сбоку; 5, 8 – парамеры, виΔ сверху, 6 – парамеры и базаΛьная пΛастинка, виΔ снизу. Масштабные Λинейки: 1, 4–10 – 2 мм (Λинейка общая ΔΛя 4–9), 2 – 0.2 мм, 3 – 1 мм, 11 – 0.5 мм. Figs 1–11. Mimela spp., imagoes and details of structure. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., holotype, male; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, male ("Tenasserim"); 9 – M. nigrosellata, holotype, male ("Java coll. Nonfried"); 10–11 –M. gressitti comb. n., paratype, female.1, 10 – habitus; 2, 11 – prosternal process; 3 – fore protarsus; 4, 7, 9 – aedeagus, lateral view; 5, 8 – parameres, dorsal view; 6 – parameres and basal plate, ventral view. Scale bars: 1, 4–10 – 2 mm (common for 4–9), 2 – 0.2 mm, 3 – 1 mm, 11 – 0.5 mm. in A new species of Mimela Kirby, 1825 from Laos with comments on M. gressitti (Frey, 1970), comb. n. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)

Рис. 1–11. Mimela spp., имаго и ΔетаΛи строения. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., гоΛотип, самец; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, самец («Tenasserim»); 9 – M. nigrosellata, гоΛотип, самец (о. Ява, «Java coll. Nonfried»); 10–11 – M. gressitti comb. n., паратип, самка. 1, 10 – общий виΔ; 2, 11 – простернаΛьный отросток; 3 – переΔняя Λапка; 4, 7, 9 – эΔеагус, виΔ сбоку; 5, 8 – парамеры, виΔ сверху, 6 – парамеры и базаΛьная пΛастинка, виΔ снизу. Масштабные Λинейки: 1, 4–10 – 2 мм (Λинейка общая ΔΛя 4–9), 2 – 0.2 мм, 3 – 1 мм, 11 – 0.5 мм. Figs 1–11. Mimela spp., imagoes and details of structure. 1–6 – M. cupidinea sp. n., holotype, male; 7–8 – M. anopunctata, male ("Tenasserim"); 9 – M. nigrosellata, holotype, male ("Java coll. Nonfried"); 10–11 –M. gressitti comb. n., paratype, female.1, 10 – habitus; 2, 11 – prosternal process; 3 – fore protarsus; 4, 7, 9 – aedeagus, lateral view; 5, 8 – parameres, dorsal view; 6 – parameres and basal plate, ventral view. Scale bars: 1, 4–10 – 2 mm (common for 4–9), 2 – 0.2 mm, 3 – 1 mm, 11 – 0.5 mm.

Figure 5 in Cephalenchus driekieae n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from South Africa, a new member of the genus with a long pharyngeal overlap

Figure 5: Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree inferred from D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunit (LSU) rDNA gene sequence of CephalenChUS dRiekieae n. sp. from South Africa under GTR + I + G model (lnL = 7,632.2964; freqA = 0.1794; freqC = 0.2463; freqG = 0.3573; freqT = 0.2170; rAC = 0.9583; rAG = 2.6626; rAT = 1.2424; rCG = 0.6711; rCT = 5.4981; Pinv = 0.2528; Alpha = 0.6707). Bayesian posterior probability (BPP) values>0.50 are given for appropriate clades. The sequence of the new species is indicated by bold font.

Figure 4 in Cephalenchus driekieae n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from South Africa, a new member of the genus with a long pharyngeal overlap

Figure 4: Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree inferred from small subunit (SSU) rDNA gene sequence of CephalenChUS dRiekieae n. sp. from South Africa under GTR + I + G model (lnL = 6,436.7202; freqA = 0.2443; freqC = 0.2268; freqG = 0.2864; freqT = 0.2425; rAC = 1.0699; rAG = 2.8891; rAT = 1.2180; rCG = 1.1273; rCT = 5.8691; Pinv = 0.4073; Alpha = 0.6044). Bayesian posterior probability (BPP) values>0.50 are given for appropriate clades. The sequence of the new species is indicated by bold font.

Figure 2 in Cephalenchus driekieae n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from South Africa, a new member of the genus with a long pharyngeal overlap

Figure 2: Light micrographs of CephalenChUS dRiekieae n. sp. from South Africa, female. (A) Entire body; (B) pharyngeal region; (C) lateral lines; (D) part of reproduction system; (E) anterior region; (F) pharyngeal overlap; (G) tail; (H) tail terminus. (Scale bars = 10 µm).

Figure 3 in Cephalenchus driekieae n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from South Africa, a new member of the genus with a long pharyngeal overlap

Figure 3: Scanning electron microscopy of CephalenChUS dRiekieae n. sp. from South Africa, female. (A) Anterior region; (B) lip region; (C) posterior body region; (D, E) vulval region in lateral and ventral view; (F) anus and lateral lines in anus region.

Figure 1 in Cephalenchus driekieae n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from South Africa, a new member of the genus with a long pharyngeal overlap

Figure 1: Line drawings of CephalenChUS dRiekieae n. sp. from South Africa, female. (A) Entire body; (B) anterior region; (C) pharyngeal region; (D) reproductive system; (E) tail.

Figure 7 in A new cyst-forming nematode, Cactodera tianzhuensis n. sp. (Nematoda:Heteroderinae) from Polygonum viviparum in China with a key to the Genus Cactodera

Figure 7: Molecular phylogenetic tree of C. tianZhUenSiS n. sp. (highlighted in bold) inferred from ITS region under GTR + I + G model. The posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. *Originally identified as C. eStOniCa in the GenBank. **Originally identified as C. eremiCa in the GenBank. ***Originally identified as C. eStOniCa in the GenBank. ****Originally identified as C. eStOniCa in the GenBank.

Figure 6 in A new cyst-forming nematode, Cactodera tianzhuensis n. sp. (Nematoda:Heteroderinae) from Polygonum viviparum in China with a key to the Genus Cactodera

Figure 6: Molecular phylogenetic tree of C. tianZhUenSiS n. sp. (highlighted in bold) inferred from 28 S D2/D3 extension region under GTR + I + G model. The posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. *Originally identified as C. eStOniCa in the GenBank. **Originally identified as C. rOSae in the GenBank. ***Originally identified as C. eStOniCa in the GenBank.

Figure 4 in A new cyst-forming nematode, Cactodera tianzhuensis n. sp. (Nematoda:Heteroderinae) from Polygonum viviparum in China with a key to the Genus Cactodera

Figure 4: Egg of C. tianZhUenSiS n. sp. A: Smooth eggshell; B: Embryo egg; C: Body of developed J2 in egg. (Scale bar = 20 µm).

Figure 3 in A new cyst-forming nematode, Cactodera tianzhuensis n. sp. (Nematoda:Heteroderinae) from Polygonum viviparum in China with a key to the Genus Cactodera

Figure 3: Vulval cones of C. tianZhUenSiS n. sp. A, C: Fenestration in vulval cone (inside); B, D: Fenestration in vulval cone (outside); E, F: Cyst surface punctations. (Scale bar = 20 µm).