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1,478 results for “coral reefs”
FIGURE 2 in Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the Antipatharia based on a 50% complete matrix containing 1,047 loci. Taxa in blue and imaged represent species described in this study.
FIGURE 5 in Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia
FIGURE 5. Rhipidipathes helae sp. nov.: holotype, MTQ G80117, A–E. A, in situ images of colony; B, collected sample; C, branches showing anastomosis; D, sections of branch (left) and terminal branchlet (right) showing curved polypar (left sides of branch and terminal branchlet) and abpolypar (right sides of branch and terminal branchlet) spines; E, skeletal spine showing tubercles; F, Rhipidipathes reticulata (Esper), holotype, SMF 5885, section of terminal branchlet showing straight spines.
FIGURE 4 in Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia
FIGURE 4. Antipathes falkorae sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80067: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C–E, sections of terminal branchlets showing spines (scale in C applicable for three subfigures); F–G, closeup of skeletal spines with knobs, secondary knobs, and papillae; H, image of polyp row on terminal branch.
Data from: RECIFS: A centralized geo-environmental database for coral reef research and conservation
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Motivation</span></strong><span>: Host to intricate networks of marine species, coral reefs are among the most biologically diverse ecosystems on Earth. Over the past decades, major degradations of coral reefs have been observed worldwide, which is largely attributed to the effects of climate change and local stressors related to human activities. Now more than ever, characterizing how the environment shapes the dynamics of the reef ecosystem (<em>e.g.,</em> shifts in species abundance, community changes, emergence of locally adapted populations) is key to uncovering the environmental drivers of reef degradation, and developing efficient conservation strategies in response. To achieve these objectives, it is pivotal that environmental data describing the processes driving such ecosystem dynamics, which occur across specific spatial and temporal scales, are easily accessible to coral reef researchers and conservation stakeholders alike. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Main types of variable contained: </span></strong><span>Multiple environmental variables characterizing various facets of the reef environment, including water chemistry and physics (<em>e.g.,</em> temperature, pH, chlorophyll concentration), local anthropogenic pressures (<em>e.g.,</em> boat detection, distance from agricultural or urban areas) and patterns of sea currents patterns. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Spatial location and grain</span></strong><span>: Worldwide reef cells of 5-by-5 km. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Time period and grain</span></strong><span>: Last 3-4 decades, monthly and yearly resolution.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> <strong>Major taxa and level of measurement</strong>: Environmental data important for coral reefs and associated biodiversity. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span> Software format</span></strong><span>: Interactive web-application available at <a href="https://recifs.epfl.ch">https://recifs.epfl.ch</a>.</span></p>
A community and functional comparison of coral and reef fish assemblages between four decades of coastal urbanisation and thermal stress.
<p>Urbanised coral reefs experience anthropogenic disturbances caused by coastal development, pollution and nutrient runoff, resulting in turbid, marginal conditions in which only certain species can persist. Mortality effects are exacerbated by increasingly regular thermal stress events, leading to shifts towards novel communities dominated by habitat generalists and species with low structural complexity.</p> <p>There is limited data on the turnover processes that occur due to this convergence of anthropogenic stressors, and how novel urban ecosystems are structured both at the community and functional level. As such, it is unclear how they will respond to future disturbance events.</p> <p>Here, we examine the patterns of coral reef community change, and determine whether ecosystem functions provided by specialist species are lost post-disturbance. We present a comparison of community and functional trait-based changes for scleractinian coral genera and reef fish species assemblages subject to coastal development, coastal modification, and mass bleaching between two time periods, 1975-6 and 2018, in Nakagusuku Bay, Okinawa, Japan.</p> <p>We observed an increase in fish habitat generalists, a dominance shift from branching to massive/ sub-massive corals and increasing site-based coral genera richness between years. Fish and coral communities significantly reassembled, but functional trait-based multivariate space remained constant, indicating a turnover of species with similar traits. A compression of coral habitat occurred, with shallow (<5m) and deep (>8m) coral genera shifting towards the mid-depths (5-8m).</p> <p>We show that although reef species assemblages altered post disturbance, new communities retained similar ecosystem functions. This result could be linked to the stressors experienced by urban reefs, which reflect those that will occur at an increasing frequency globally in the near future. Yet, even after shifts to disturbed communities, these fully functioning reef systems may maintain high conservation value.</p>
Data obtained by systematic review (codified data and meta-data) for: Influence of upwelling on coral reef benthic communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
<p>Highly competitive coral reef benthic communities are acutely sensitive to changes in environmental parameters such as temperature and nutrient concentrations. Physical oceanographic processes that induce upwelling therefore act as drivers of community structure on tropical reefs. How upwelling impacts coral communities, however, is not fully understood; upwelling may provide a natural buffer against climate impacts and could potentially enhance the efficacy of spatial management and reef conservation efforts. This study employed a systematic review to assess existing literature linking upwelling with reef community structure, and a meta-analysis to quantify upwelling impact on the percentage cover of coral reef benthic groups. We show that upwelling has context-dependant effects on the cover of hard coral and fleshy macroalgae, with effect size and direction varying with depth, region and remoteness. Fleshy macroalgae was found to increase by 110% on inhabited reefs yet decrease by 56% around one well-studied remote island in response to upwelling. Hard coral cover was not significantly impacted by upwelling on inhabited reefs but increased by 150% when direct human pressures were absent. By synthesising existing evidence, this review facilitates adaptive and nuanced reef management which considers the influence of upwelling on reef assemblages.</p>
Data for: Coral adaptive capacity insufficient to halt global transition of coral reefs into net erosion under climate change
<p>Projecting the effects of climate change on net reef calcium carbonate production is critical to understanding the future impacts on ecosystem function, but prior estimates have not included corals' natural adaptive capacity to such change. Here we estimate how the ability of symbionts to evolve tolerance to heat stress, or for coral hosts to shuffle to favourable symbionts, and their combination, may influence responses to the combined impacts of ocean warming and acidification under three representative concentration pathway emissions scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5). We show that symbiont evolution and shuffling both individually and when combined favours persistent positive net reef calcium carbonate production. However, our projections of future net calcium carbonate production under climate change vary both spatially and by RCP. For example, 19–35% of modelled coral reefs are still projected to have net positive net calcium carbonate production by 2050 if symbionts can evolve increased thermal tolerance, depending on the RCP. Without <span>symbiont adaptive capacity,</span> the number of coral reefs with positive net calcium carbonate production drops to 9–13% by 2050. Accounting for both symbiont evolution and shuffling, we project median positive net calcium carbonate production of coral reefs will still occur under low greenhouse emissions (RCP2.6) in the Indian Ocean, and even under moderate emissions (RCP4.5) in the Pacific Ocean. However, adaptive capacity will be insufficient to halt the transition of coral reefs globally into erosion by 2050 under severe emissions scenarios (RCP8.5).</p>
Data for Macroalgae exhibit diverse responses to human disturbances on coral reefs
<p>Percent cover of macroalgae data used in the analyses described in the Global Change Biology publication, <em>Macroalgae exhibit diverse responses to human disturbances on coral reefs (</em>DOI: 10.1111/GCB.16694)</p>
Data and code for 'Sustained productivity and the persistence of coral reef fisheries'
<p>Data and code necessary for reproducing analyses, results and figures from Morais et al. 'Sustained productivity and the persistence of coral reef fisheries', <em>Nature Sustainability</em>.</p> <p>Compressed file includes:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Data</strong>: folder with data files used for the analyses;</li> <li><strong>Mod_Out</strong>: folder with critical model outputs to steer the analyses without having to undergo lengthy model selection;</li> <li><strong>Outputs</strong>: empty folder where figures and tables will be generated;</li> <li><strong>Outputs_authors</strong>: as the name suggests, includes the Outputs as last generated by the authors on 27 March 2023;</li> <li><strong>Scripts</strong>: individual R scripts for the main analyses, results, figures;</li> <li><strong>Sensitivity</strong>: individual R-Markdown documents and data required to run Supplementary Analyses 1 and 2 of the manuscript;</li> <li><strong>Morais_et_al_RUN.R</strong>: master script for reproducing the analyses. Running this file automatically loads all data files and executes code that creates and saves figures and tables.</li> </ul>
Terrain- and climate-based habitat suitability indices for the reef-building coral Lophelia pertusa on the Blake Plateau (southeastern United States)
<p>Habitat suitability model outputs from Gasbarro et al. (2022) covering the Blake Plateau region of the southeastern United States margin. These include raster surfaces of ensemble mean, median, and standard deviation habitat suitability indices. Bathymetry-derived terrain variables were used to generate the terrain suitability layers, while climate model outputs were used to generate the climatic suitability layers. Rasters are in WGS84. See Gasbarro et al. (2022) for full modeling details.</p>
Ocean currents magnify upwelling and deliver nutritional subsidies to reef-building corals during El Niño heatwaves
<p>This is the data and code associated with the manuscript: Fox et al. Ocean currents magnify upwelling and deliver nutritional subsidies to reef-building corals during El Niño heatwaves. Science Advances June 2023</p>
Abundance and size data of Elysia crispata from coral reefs of Southern Gulf of Mexico and Mexican Caribbean
<p>Three populations of the solar-powered sea slug <em>Elysia crispata</em> on coral reefs from the southern Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Caribbean were analyzed. This data contains information regarding the number of organisms and sizes found in Cayo Arcas, Verde (Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano), and Puerto Morelos at different depths and five times of the day (sunrise, morning, zenith, evening, and night).</p>
Supplementary Dataset 1 for: High-frequency variability dominates potential connectivity between remote coral reefs
<p>Supplementary Dataset 1 (revision 1) for High-frequency variability dominates potential connectivity between remote coral reefs, containing scripts and data required to reproduce figures in the preprint.</p>
Data from: Coral reef state influences resilience to acute climate-mediated disturbances
<p>Aim: Understand the interplay between resistance and recovery on coral reefs, and investigate dependence on pre- and post-disturbance states, to inform generalisable reef resilience theory across large spatial and temporal scales.</p> <p>Location: Tropical coral reefs globally.</p> <p>Time period: 1966 to 2017.</p> <p>Major taxa studied: Scleratinian hard corals.</p> <p>Methods: We conducted a literature search to compile a global dataset of total coral cover before and after acute storms, temperature stress, and coastal runoff from flooding events. We used meta-regression to identify variables that explained significant variation in disturbance impact, including disturbance type, year, depth, and pre-disturbance coral cover. We further investigated the influence of these same variables, as well as post-disturbance coral cover and disturbance impact, on recovery rate. We examined the shape of recovery, assigning qualitatively distinct, ecologically relevant, population growth trajectories: linear, logistic, logarithmic (decelerating), and a second-order quadratic (accelerating).</p> <p>Results: We analysed 427 disturbance impacts and 117 recovery trajectories. Accelerating and logistic were the most common recovery shapes, underscoring non-linearities and recovery lags. A complex but meaningful relationship between the state of a reef pre- and post-disturbance, disturbance impact magnitude, and recovery rate was identified. Fastest recovery rates were predicted for intermediate to large disturbance impacts, but a decline in this rate was predicted when more than ~75% of pre-disturbance cover was lost. We identified a shifting baseline, with declines in both pre-and post-disturbance coral cover over the 50 year study period.</p> <p>Main conclusions: We breakdown the complexities of coral resilience, showing interplay between resistance and recovery, as well as dependence on both pre- and post-disturbance states, alongside documenting a chronic decline in these states. This has implications for predicting coral reef futures and implementing actions to enhance resilience.</p>
Data from: Dermal denticle assemblages in coral reef sediments correlate with conventional shark surveys
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Data from: Seascapes as drivers of herbivore assemblages in coral reef ecosystems
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Data from: Larval traits carry over to affect post-settlement behaviour in a common coral reef fish
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Non-reef habitats in a tropical seascape affect density and biomass of fishes on coral reefs
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Functional divergence from ecological baselines on Caribbean coral reefs
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Data from: Genotypic diversity and spatial-temporal distribution of Symbiodinium clones in an abundant reef coral
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.