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FIGURE 3 in Taxonomic revision of Myrmeciza (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) into 12 genera based on phylogenetic, morphological, behavioral, and ecological data

FIGURE 3. Simplified time-calibrated chronogram of the Thamnophilidae showing relative ages of former members of the genus Myrmeciza and the main radiations in the family. Estimated stem ages of newly designated monotypic genera suggest that they diverged long ago from their closest relatives and provide additional support for their phenotypic, ecological, and behavioral distinctiveness. Bars at nodes indicate the 95% highest posterior density for the inferred divergence time estimates (Bravo 2012).

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic revision of Myrmeciza (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) into 12 genera based on phylogenetic, morphological, behavioral, and ecological data

FIGURE 2. Bayesian consensus tree of a subset of the Thamnophilinae, showing that Myrmeciza is polyphyletic (species names in these clades are emboldened). Members of Myrmeciza are placed in eight different well-supported clades in the Microrhopiini, Pithyini, and Pyriglenini. The color of the circles at nodes indicates posterior probability support,> 0.95 (black), 0.95–0.75 (gray), <0.75 (white).

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic revision of Myrmeciza (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) into 12 genera based on phylogenetic, morphological, behavioral, and ecological data

FIGURE 1. Maximum-likelihood tree of a subset of the Thamnophilinae, showing that Myrmeciza is polyphyletic (species names in these clades are emboldened). Members of Myrmeciza are placed in eight different well-supported clades in the Microrhopiini, Pithyini, and Pyriglenini. The color of the circles at nodes indicates bootstrap support values,> 70% (black), 50- 70% (gray), <50% (white).

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 8. Specimen housed at Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP 10300), from Utiariti, MT, the second specimen of Bachia bresslaui to be known, here recognized as the recently described B. didactyla, showing the first supralabial merged with the nasal, and supraocular not touching the nasal.

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 7. Variation on head scalation on Bachia bresslaui: A) the holotype from an unknown locality at São Paulo state (MZUSP 4737); B) from Brasilia, DF (MZUSP 91658), with a similar head scalation to the holotype; C) from an unknown locality (MZUSP 91599), showing contact between parietal and supralabial; D) from Bataguassu, MS (MZUSP 78211) also with parietal and supralabial in contact, and with no contact between frontal and nasal; E) from UHE Ponte de Pedra, MT (MZUSP 98760), showing seven supralabials, and also; F) from Itiquira, MT (MZUSP 99345).

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 4. Distributional records of Bachia species of B. bresslaui group at the Central Brazil. Examined specimens are represented by symbols outlined in white; Type localities represented by central black dot. Two records of B. bresslaui at Planalto dos Gerais presented with an question mark were not examined and may represent B. geralista sp. nov. São Paulo state record presented with a question mark represents the unknown type locality for Bachia bresslaui.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 5. Habitat and microhabitat of Bachia geralista sp. nov., at Peruaçu valley region: (A) an individual and its track imprinted in the sandy soil; (B) typical cerrado vegetation found at the area; (C) a Pequi tree (Caryocar brasiliense); (D) the large cover of leaves under a Pequi tree; (E) detail of soil profile covered by a large layer of leaves; (F) general view of the regenerated cerrado habitat, dominated by Porcada bushes (Copaifera martii).

FIGURE 6 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 6. Physiological and behavioral results: A) Box-plots represent maximum daily temperatures reached in the different microhabitats available to B. geralista sp. nov. Horizontal grey bars show temperatures voluntarily experienced by 10 individuals of B. geralista sp. nov. within laboratory thermal gradients. Dashed red line indicates highest temperature experienced by B. geralista sp. nov. in the lab, grey indicates voluntary maximum. B) Use of tail in one captive B. geralista sp. nov., arrow indicates cloacal region. C) Juveniles B. geralista sp. nov. grouped together within the terrarium.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 3. Paratypes of Bachia geralista sp. nov. (A) from Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas, MG (MZUSP 99473) and (B) from São Desidério, BA (MZUSP 100021).

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 1. Lateral (A), dorsal (B) and ventral (C) views of the head of the holotype of Bachia geralista sp. nov. (MZUSP 99408). Bar represents 5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Eastern Brazilian Cerrado, and data on its ecology, physiology and behavior

FIGURE 2. Living paratopotypes of Bachia geralista sp. nov. from Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, showing color pattern with a distinct dorsolateral yellowish stripe (A) and with a dorsolateral stripe faded (B).

FIGURE 5 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data

FIGURE 5. Adults and genitalia of Hygrostola dallolmoi. Scale bar = 10 mm for adults, 2 mm for male genitalia, 1 mm for male penis and 3 mm for female genitalia.

FIGURE 3 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data

FIGURE 3. Genitalia of Conicofrontia species. Scale bar = scale bar = 1 mm and 0.5 mm for male penis. Conicofrontia bipartita: 3a—male genitalia, 3e—male penis, 3i—female genitalia.

FIGURE 7 in A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data

FIGURE 7. Results of molecular analyses. Support of major nodes is provided by BV (only BV> 50% are shown). On the right we provide the former names of two species (sensu Poole 1989). Results of PTP analyses are figured using coloured branches. Putative molecular species clusters are indicated using transitions between blue-coloured branches to red-coloured branches.

FIGURE 6 in Redescription of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) (Diplopoda, Callipoda, Dorypetalidae) and ecological data on its Laboulbeniales ectoparasites in caves

FIGURE 6. Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) infected with fungi order Laboulbeniales. A) Black dots on the legs correspond to the insertion of the fungus Diplopodomyces lusitanipodos Santam., Enghoff & Reboleira, 2014. B) Scanning electron micrograph of the gonopod with the fungus Diplopodomyces veneris Santam., Enghoff & Reboleira, 2014 artificially colored in green.

FIGURE 5 in Redescription of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) (Diplopoda, Callipoda, Dorypetalidae) and ecological data on its Laboulbeniales ectoparasites in caves

FIGURE 5. Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) scanning electron micrograph, gonopods. A–B) anterior and posterior view, c—coxite, f—pseudoglagellum, t—telepodite, s—solenomere; C–D) detail of the tip of telepodite, curved processes of the telepodite lamella (l): α, β, γ. Scales: 100 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C, E) and 1 µm (D).

FIGURE 1 in Redescription of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) (Diplopoda, Callipoda, Dorypetalidae) and ecological data on its Laboulbeniales ectoparasites in caves

FIGURE 1. Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) habitus from d´el Rey Cave, Portugal and detail of colour pattern in the head and collum.

FIGURE 4 in Redescription of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) (Diplopoda, Callipoda, Dorypetalidae) and ecological data on its Laboulbeniales ectoparasites in caves

FIGURE 4. Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893). scanning electron micrograph. A–C) midbody rings; D) ozopore, E) spinnerets and F) close-up of left spinneret. Scales: 100 µm (A–C); 10 µm (D, E) and 1 µm (D, F).

FIGURE 2 in Redescription of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) (Diplopoda, Callipoda, Dorypetalidae) and ecological data on its Laboulbeniales ectoparasites in caves

FIGURE 2. Number of body rings of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) in different caves. Red—d´el Rey in Cantanhede- Outil massif; green—Corujeiras and blue—Soprador do Carvalho, both in Sicó massif.

FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) (Diplopoda, Callipoda, Dorypetalidae) and ecological data on its Laboulbeniales ectoparasites in caves

FIGURE 3. Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893) scanning electron micrograph. A) head in dorsal view; B) head in lateral view; C) cuticle surface detail in the dorsal part of the collum, D) tip of the antenna. Scales: 100 µm (A, B, C) and 10 µm (D).