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FIGURE 1 in A redescription of deep-channel ghost knifefish, Sternarchogiton preto (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with assignment to a new genus

FIGURE 1 | Lateral view of live Tenebrosternarchus preto. A. MUSM 54656 (243 mm TL) from the río Amazonas at Iquitos, Peru; B. ANSP 207797 (232 mm TL) from the rio Negro downstream from Barcelos, Brazil; and C. Detail of the head of ANSP 207797 (232 mm TL).

Fig. 7 in Two new species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of Hypostomus cochliodon Kner, 1854

Fig. 7. Spots and color pattern of fins in Hypostomus cochliodon; (a) NUP 12071, 151.1 mm SL, showing spots smaller and closely spaced on head and larger and widely spaced on the body; (b) NUP 12768, 241.1 mm SL, the base of fin with same color of body, becoming dark brown in tip; and uniform spot pattern in ventral portion of body.

Fig. 5 in Two new species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of Hypostomus cochliodon Kner, 1854

Fig. 5. Mouth and teeth of (a) Hypostomus cochliodon, NUP 10807, 208.0 mm SL, showing one series of papillae in inner face of upper and lower jaws; (b) Hypostomus basilisko, holotype, MZUSP 111110, 182.5 mm SL, showing the agglomerated papillae on inner face of upper and lower jaws; and (c) Hypostomus khimaera, MZUSP 111129, holotype, 139.1 mm SL, showing weakly developed papillae not forming series.

Fig. 6 in Two new species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of Hypostomus cochliodon Kner, 1854

Fig. 6. Keels, ridges and odontodes of (a) Hypostomus cochliodon, NUP 10807, 208.0 mm SL, showing two weakly developed ridges in compound pterotic, weakly developed keels, few and weakly developed odontodes and predorsal keels weakly developed; (b) Hypostomus basilisko, holotype, MZUSP 111110, 182.5 mm SL, showing the three ridges on top of head, strongly developed keels, numerous welldeveloped odontodes on plates covering body and head and strong V-shaped predorsal keels; (c) Hypostomus khimaera, holotype, MZUSP 111129, 139.1 mm SL, showing moderately developed keels and dermal plates supporting moderately developed odontodes.

Fig. 12 in Two new species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of Hypostomus cochliodon Kner, 1854

Fig. 12. Sexual dimorphism of Hypostomus basilisko; (a) MNRJ 40184, paratype, 162.3 mm SL, showing pelvic-fin spine with no tumescence in adult female; (b) MNRJ 40184, paratype, 149.1 mm SL, showing a weakly developed tumescence (indicated by arrow) in juvenile male; (c) MZUSP 111110, holotype, 182.5 mm SL, showing well-developed tumescence (indicated by arrow) in adult male.

Fig. 8 in Two new species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of Hypostomus cochliodon Kner, 1854

Fig. 8. Color pattern of live specimen of Hypostomus cochliodon (uncatalogued specimen) from córrego da Onça, Mato Grosso, rio Paraguay basin.

Fig. 4 in Two new species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Paraguay basin, with a redescription of Hypostomus cochliodon Kner, 1854

Fig. 4. Lateral view of juvenile in (a) Hypostomus cochliodon, NUP 11956, 92.8 mm SL, (b) Hypostomus basilisko, paratype, ZUFMS-PIS 3083, 64.2 mm SL and (c) Hypostomus khimaera, NUP 13494, 68.8 mm SL.

Fig. 22. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 22. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, caudal skeleton in left lateral view. EPU = epurals; CRA = caudal-fin rays; DPR = dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays; HSP = haemal spine; HYP = hypurals; NSP = neural spine; PAP = parhypural; SNP = specialized neural process; URN = uroneural; URT = urostyle; VPR = ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 21. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, dorsal fin in left lateral view. DOR = dorsalfin rays; DRA = distal radial; MRA = medial radial; PRA = proximal radial. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 20. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 20. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 mm SL, female, pelvic girdle in (a) ventral view of right pelvic fin and (b) dorsal view of left pelvic fin, anterior to left. ISP = ischiatic process; PVB = pelvic bone; PVR = pelvic-fin rays. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 19. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 19. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, pectoral girdle in (a) medial view, anterior to right, and (b) lateral view, anterior to left. CLE = cleithrum; COR = coracoid; EXP = extrascapular; MCO = mesocoracoid; PC1 = postcleithrum 1; PC2 = postcleithrum 2; PC3 = postcleithrum 3; SCA = scapulum; SCL = supracleithrum; PRA = proximal radial; PTR = pectoral-fin rays; PTT = posttemporal. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig.17. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig.17. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, Weberian apparatus in left lateral view, anterior to left. CLT = claustrum; ITL = intercalarium; NAR = neural arch; NCO = neural complex of Weberian apparatus; NSP = neural spine of fourth and fifth vertebrae; PRB = pleural rib; SCP = scaphium; TP3 = transverse process of third vertebra; TRP = tripus; VCN = vertebral centrum. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 18. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 18. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 mm SL, female, posterior precaudal and anterior caudal vertebrae in left lateral view, (a) precaudal vertebrae and (b) caudal vertebrae.; EPN = epineural; EPP = epipleural; HPZ = haemal postzygapophysis; HSP = haemal spine; NPZ = neural postzygapophysis; NSP = neural spine; PRB = pleural rib; VCN = vertebral centrum. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 13. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 13. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.1 mm SL, female, antorbital and infraorbital series, left lateral view, anterior to left. AOR = antorbital; IO (1 to 6) = infraorbitals. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 14. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 14. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, suspensorium in left lateral view, anterior to left. APL = autopalatine; ECP = ectopterygoid; HYO= hyomandibula; IHY = interhyal; IOP = interopercle; OPE = opercle; POP = preopercle; QUA = quadrate; SOP = subopercle; SYM = symplectic; MSP = mesopterygoid; MTP = metapterygoid. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 12. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 30.7 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 12. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 30.7 mm SL, female, asteriscus otolith, (a) left, ventral view and (b) right, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 11. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 11. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, neurocranium in ventral view, anterior to left. BOC = basioccipital; EXO = exoccipital; FRO = frontal; INC = intercalar; LET = lateral ethmoid; MES = mesethmoid; OSP = orbitosphenoid; PRO = prootic; PSP = parasphenoid; PTO = pterotic; PTS = pterosphenoid; SPH = sphenotic; VOM = vomer. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 10. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 10. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, neurocranium in left lateral view, anterior to left. AUF = auditory foramen; BOC = basioccipital; EPO = epioccipital; EXO = exoccipital; FRO = frontal; LET = lateral ethmoid; MES = mesethmoid; OSP = orbitosphenoid; PAR = parietal; PRO = prootic; PSP = parasphenoid; PTF = posttemporal fossa; PTO = pterotic; PTS = pterosphenoid; RSP = rhinosphenoid; SOC = supraoccipital; SPH = sphenotic; VOM = vomer. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 9. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 9. Hyphessobrycon compressus, UFRGS 9683, 31.2 mm SL, male, neurocranium in dorsal view, anterior to left. EPO = epioccipital; EXO = exoccipital; FRF = frontal fontanel; FRO = frontal; LET = lateral ethmoid; MES = mesethmoid; NAS = nasal; PAR = parietal; PTF = posttemporal fossa; PTO = pterotic; SOC = supraoccipital; SPH = sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 8 in Redescription and osteology of Hyphessobrycon compressus (Meek) (Teleostei: Characidae), type species of the genus

Fig. 8. Hyphessobrycon compressus milleri, holotype, CAS 70115, 31.3 mm SL, male, Los Amates, Guatemala. Views (a) left lateral, (b) dorsal, (c) ventral, and (d) radiograph of holotype. Photos by © California Academy of Sciences.