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1,579 results for “Baltics”
FIGURES 49–51 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 49–51. Baltic amber zopherid assemblage affinities compared to Recent faunas (Mediterranean, Eastern Asia, West Nearctic, and East Nearctic): 49—North polar views of the Earth in late Eocene (38 Ma) modified from Markwick (2007); 50– 51—North polar view in Recent. The "amber (succinite) zone in Eocene" ring is induced from the amber deposits mainly known from the late Eocene of Europe; the "zopherid relicts zone in Recent" ring marks the analogous territory where all Eocene zopherid genera that have survived since the Eocene currently occur. Numbers indicate quantity of known genera in Baltic amber (black circle in yellow area of the Eocene succinite outcrops) and genera of this assemblage preserved in corresponding regions at the present (white circles).
FIGURES 39–41 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 39–41. Yantaroxenos colydioides in Baltic amber, specimen No. JDC-13221 [JDC]: 39—habitus in dorsal view; 40—idem, habitus in ventral view; 41—idem, habitus in lateral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 30–32 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 30–32. Endophloeus gorskii Alekseev et Bukejs, 2016 in Baltic amber: 30—specimen No. JDC-9315, habitus, dorsal view; 31—idem, habitus, ventral view; 32—specimen No. ABAC 063 [ACAB], habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm
FIGURES 33–38 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 33–38. Fossil Xylolaemus in Baltic amber: 33—X. richardklebsi, specimen No. JDC-12545 [JDC], habitus in dorsal view; 34—X. richardklebsi, specimen No. JDC-12546 [JDC], 34—habitus in dorsal view; 35—idem, habitus in ventral view; 36—X. richardklebsi, specimen No. KA-CLP-002 [CKVA], habitus in dorsal view; 37—X. legalovi, specimen No. KA-CLP-003 [CKVA], 37—habitus in dorsal view, 38—idem, habitus in lateral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 27–29 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 27–29. Thanatoplagia tamutisi gen. et sp. nov., holotype, No. ACAB 063 [ACAB]: 27—habitus, dorsal view; 28—habitus, ventral view; 29—habitus, right lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 42–44 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 42–44. Zopheromimus auriborussiensis in Baltic amber, specimen No. JDC-11965 [JDC]: 42—habitus in dorsal view; 43—idem, habitus in ventral view; 44—idem, habitus in lateral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 25–26 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 25–26. Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov., paratype, KA-CLP-001 [CKVA]: 25—habitus, dorsal view; 26—habitus, ventral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 22–24 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 22–24. Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov., paratype, No. 5217 [GPIH]: 22—habitus, dorsal view; 23—habitus, ventral view; 24—habitus, left lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 20–21 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 20–21. Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov., holotype, No. 5209 [GPIH]: 20—habitus, left lateral view; 21—details of anterior part of body, dorso-lateral view. Abbreviations: a1–a11—antennomeres 1–11, respectively. Scale bars = 1.0 mm for Fig. 20; 0.25 mm for Fig. 21.
FIGURES 17–19 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 17–19. Helioctamenus groehni sp. nov., holotype, No. 5209 [GPIH]: 17—habitus, dorsal view; 18—habitus, ventral view; 19—habitus, dorso-lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 14–16 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 14–16. Lasconotus tenebrisilvarum sp. nov., holotype, No. RSKM_PAL_A73 [RSM]: 14— habitus, left lateral view; 15—habitus, frontal view; 16— details of head and thorax, ventral view. Abbreviations: a1–a11—antennomeres 1–11, respectively; pp—prosternal process; tmp—terminal maxillary palpomere. Scale bars = 0.5 mm for Figs 14 and 15; 0.25 mm for Fig. 16.
FIGURES 9–10 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 9–10. Paha vanivanitatum sp. nov., holotype, No. ACAB 064 [ACAB]: 9—details of forebody, dorsal view; 10— prothorax, ventral view. Abbreviations: a2–a10—antennomeres 2–10 respectively; lc—longitudinal carina; pc—procoxa; pf— profemur; pp—prosternal process; pt—protibia. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
FIGURES 1–2 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 1–2. Usechus andrushchenkoi sp. nov., holotype, No. KAM 8820 [KRAM]: 1—habitus, dorsal view; 2—habitus, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 7–8 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 7–8. Paha vanivanitatum sp. nov., holotype, No. ACAB 064 [ACAB]: 7—habitus, dorsal view; 8—habitus, ventral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 11–13 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 11–13. Lasconotus tenebrisilvarum sp. nov., holotype, No. RSKM_PAL_A73 [RSM]: 11—habitus, dorsal view; 12—habitus, ventral view; 13—habitus, right lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 5–6 in A revision and addition to Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Baltic amber: possible connections between modern Holarctic distributions and Eocene 'amber forests'
FIGURES 5–6. Coxelus carstengroehni sp. nov., holotype, No. 5208 [GPIH]: 5—habitus, dorso-lateral view; 6—habitus, ventral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Data from: Primary production calculations for sea ice from bio-optical observations in the Baltic Sea
Bio-optics is a powerful approach for estimating photosynthesis rates, but has seldom been applied to sea ice, where measuring photosynthesis is a challenge. We measured absorption coefficients of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), algae, and non-algal particles along with solar radiation, albedo and transmittance at four sea-ice stations in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. This unique compilation of optical and biological data for Baltic Sea ice was used to build a radiative transfer model describing the light field and the light absorption by algae in 1-cm increments. The maximum quantum yields and photoadaptation of photosynthesis were determined from 14C-incorporation in photosynthetic-irradiance experiments using melted ice. The quantum yields were applied to the radiative transfer model estimating the rate of photosynthesis based on incident solar irradiance measured at 1-min intervals. The calculated depth-integrated mean primary production was 5 mg C m–2 d–1 for the surface layer (0–20 cm ice depth) at Station 3 (fast ice) and 0.5 mg C m–2 d–1 for the bottom layer (20–57 cm ice depth). Additional calculations were performed for typical sea ice in the area in March using all ice types and a typical light spectrum, resulting in depth-integrated mean primary production rates of 34 and 5.6 mg C m–2 d–1 in surface ice and bottom ice, respectively. These calculated rates were compared to rates determined from 14C incorporation experiments with melted ice incubated in situ. The rate of the calculated photosynthesis and the rates measured in situ at Station 3 were lower than those calculated by the bio-optical algorithm for typical conditions in March in the Gulf of Finland by the bio-optical algorithm. Nevertheless, our study shows the applicability of bio-optics for estimating the photosynthesis of sea-ice algae.
Data from: Platichthys solemdali sp. nov. (Actinopterygii, Pleuronectiformes): a new flounder species from the Baltic Sea
The European flounders Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) displays two contrasting reproductive behaviors in the Baltic Sea: offshore spawning of pelagic eggs and coastal spawning of demersal eggs, a behavior observed exclusively in the Baltic Sea. Previous studies showed marked differences in behavioral, physiological, and life-history traits of flounders with pelagic and demersal eggs. Furthermore, a recent study demonstrated that flounders with pelagic and demersal eggs represent two reproductively isolated, parapatric species arising from two distinct colonization events from the same ancestral population. Using morphological data we first established that the syntypes on which the original description of P. flesus was based belong the pelagic-spawning lineage. We then used a combination of morphological and physiological characters as well as genome-wide genetic data to describe flounders with demersal eggs as a new species: Platichthys solemdali sp. nov. The new species can be clearly distinguished from P. flesus based on egg morphology, egg and sperm physiology as well as via population genetic and phylogenetic analyses. While the two species do show some minor morphological differences in the number of anal and dorsal fin rays, no external morphological feature can be used to unambiguously identify individuals to species. Therefore, we developed a simple molecular diagnostic test able to unambiguously distinguish P. solemdali from P. flesus with a single PCR reaction, a tool that should be useful to fishery scientists and managers, as well as to ecologist studying these species.
FIGURE 2 in The first described darkling beetle of the tribe Metaclisini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 2. Metaclisa (Trichometaclisa) ottoi sp. nov. (holotype, Baltic amber), details of structure: A—elytral pubescence; B—first mesotarsomere (t1), plantar surface (fine golden setae, not arranged in two rows); C—anterior part of body, ventrally (pp – prosternal process); D—the middle of body, ventrally; E—head and right antenna, dorsally; F—apex of abdominal part, ventrally (e-w—widened part of epipleura, e-n—narrow part of epipleura, which is sharply tapered before apex). Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A, B), 2 mm (C, D), 1 mm (E, F).
FIGURE 1 in The first described darkling beetle of the tribe Metaclisini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 1. Metaclisa (Trichometaclisa) ottoi sp. nov. (holotype, Baltic amber), habitus: A—dorsal view; B—ventral view; C—lateral view (es—epipleural stria taper to end before the elytral apex). Scale bars = 3 mm (A–C).
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