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1,271 results for “Data Flow”
Three-dimensional hydraulic tomography analysis of long-term municipal wellfield operations: Validation with synthetic flow and solute transport data
<p>Attached are the datasets utilized to accomplish the study of "<em>Three-dimensional hydraulic tomography analysis of long-term municipal wellfiled operations: Validation with synthetic flow and solute transport data". </em>Basically, it includes the information of the discrete model and assigned, wells as well as the generated synthetic hydraulic head and solute concentration data.</p>
On the Internal Flow at the Water Entry Cavity--data
<p>A set of raw PIV images are presented to support our findings, please contact the author for more resources.</p>
Contextualisation of Data Flow Diagrams for security analysis: Pilot study model
<p>CAIRIS model package to accompany 'Contextualisation of Data Flow Diagrams for security analysis' GraMSec 2020 paper. </p> <p>The model package can be loaded in CAIRIS via the System >> Import Model menu.</p>
The flow past a flatback airfoil with flow control devices: Benchmarking numerical simulations against wind tunnel data - Animations II
<p>Animations from accepted (06/2020) publication:</p> <p>The flow past a flatback airfoil with flow control devices: Benchmarking numerical simulations against wind tunnel data, Wind Energ. Sci., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2020-36</p> <p>These animations are the DES results on a Fine (25M cells, AR = 1) mesh. Animations include a 3D view of Delta = 10^5 isosurfaces coloured by X vorticity and Z vorticity. Two animations are available for each case (Plain airfoil, Flap, Flap + Cavity, Cavity, Splitter). Contour levels are included in separate files.</p> <p> </p>
Data file for paper: JJavier Rubio-Garcia, Junyi Cui, Andres Parra-Puerto and Anthony Kucernak "Hydrogen/Vanadium Hybrid Redox Flow Battery with Enhanced Electrolyte Concentration"
<p>The data in this spreadsheet was used to produce the figures in the paper</p> <p>Javier Rubio-Garcia, Junyi Cui, Andres Parra-Puerto and Anthony Kucernak, "Hydrogen/Vanadium Hybrid Redox Flow Battery with Enhanced Electrolyte Concentration",Energy Storage Materials, 2020<br> DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2020.05.031</p>
IoT-deNAT: Outbound flow-based network traffic data of IoT and non-IoT devices behind a home NAT
<p>This dataset is comprised of NetFlow records, which capture the outbound network traffic of 8 commercial IoT devices and 5 non-IoT devices, collected during a period of 37 days in a lab at Ben-Gurion University of The Negev. The dataset was collected in order to develop a method for telecommunication providers to detect vulnerable IoT models behind home NATs. Each NetFlow record is labeled with the device model which produced it; for research reproducibilty, each NetFlow is also allocated to either the "training" or "test" set, in accordance with the partitioning described in:</p> <p>Y. Meidan, V. Sachidananda, H. Peng, R. Sagron, Y. Elovici, and A. Shabtai, A novel approach for detecting vulnerable IoT devices connected behind a home NAT, Computers & Security, Volume 97, 2020, 101968, ISSN 0167-4048, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2020.101968. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167404820302418)</p> <p> </p> <p>Please note:</p> <ul> <li>The dataset itself is free to use, however users are requested to cite the above-mentioned paper, which describes in detail the research objectives as well as the data collection, preparation and analysis.</li> <li>Following is a brief description of the features used in this dataset.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p># NetFlow features, used in the related paper for analysis</p> <p>'FIRST_SWITCHED': System uptime at which the first packet of this flow was switched<br> 'IN_BYTES': Incoming counter for the number of bytes associated with an IP Flow<br> 'IN_PKTS': Incoming counter for the number of packets associated with an IP Flow<br> 'IPV4_DST_ADDR': IPv4 destination address<br> 'L4_DST_PORT': TCP/UDP destination port number<br> 'L4_SRC_PORT': TCP/UDP source port number<br> 'LAST_SWITCHED': System uptime at which the last packet of this flow was switched<br> 'PROTOCOL': IP protocol byte (6: TCP, 17: UDP)<br> 'SRC_TOS': Type of Service byte setting when there is an incoming interface<br> 'TCP_FLAGS': Cumulative of all the TCP flags seen for this flow</p> <p> </p> <p># Features added by the authors</p> <p>'IP': Prefix of the destination IP address, representing the network (without the host)<br> 'DURATION': Time (seconds) between first/last packet switching</p> <p> </p> <p># Label<br> 'device_model': <type>.<manufacturer>.<model number></p> <p> </p> <p># Partition<br> 'partition': Training or test</p> <p> </p> <p># Additional NetFlow features (mostly zero-variance)<br> 'SRC_AS': Source BGP autonomous system number<br> 'DST_AS': Destination BGP autonomous system number<br> 'INPUT_SNMP': Input interface index<br> 'OUTPUT_SNMP': Output interface index<br> 'IPV4_SRC_ADDR': IPv4 source address<br> 'MAC': MAC address of the source</p> <p> </p> <p># Additional data<br> 'category': IoT or non-IoT<br> 'type': IoT, access_point, smartphone, laptop<br> 'date': Datepart of FIRST_SWITCHED<br> 'inter_arrival_time': Time (seconds) between successive flows of the same device (identified by its MAC address)</p>
Data from: Imposed work of breathing for flow meters with in-line versus flow-through technique during simulated neonatal breathing
Background: The ability to determine airflow during nasal CPAP (NCPAP) treatment without adding dead space or resistance would be useful when investigating the physiologic effects of different NCPAP systems on breathing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on pressure stability of different flow measuring devices at the in-line and flow-through position, using simulated neonatal breathing. Methods: Six different flow measure devices were evaluated by recording pressure changes and imposed work of breathing for breaths with 16 and 32 ml tidal volumes. The tests were performed initially with the devices in an in line position and with 5 and 10 L/min using flow through technique, without CPAP. The flow meters were then subsequently tested with an Infant Flow CPAP system at 3, 5 and 8 cm H2O pressure using flow through technique. The quality of the recorded signals was compared graphically. Results: The resistance of the measuring devices generated pressure swings and imposed work of breathing. With bias flow, the resistance also generated CPAP pressure. Three of the devices had low resistance and generated no changes in pressure stability or CPAP pressure. The two devices intended for neonatal use had the highest measured resistance. Conclusion: The importance of pressure stability and increased work of breathing during non-invasive respiratory support are insufficiently studied. Clinical trials using flow-through technique have not focused on pressure stability. Our results indicate that a flow-through technique might be a way forward in obtaining a sufficiently high signal quality without the added effects of rebreathing and increased work of breathing. The results should stimulate further research and the development of equipment for dynamic flow measurements in neonates.
Data from: Transitions in the flow patterns and aerodynamic characteristics of the flow around staggered rows of cylinders
A two-dimensional numerical study of flow across rows of identical square cylinders arranged in staggered fashion is carried out. This study will unreveal complex flow physics depending upon the Reynolds number (Re) and gap spacing (g) between the cylinders. The combined effect of Reynolds number and gap spacing on the flow physics around staggered rows of cylinders are numerically studied for 20 ≤ Re ≤ 140 and 1 ≤ g ≤ 6. We use the lattice Boltzmann method for numerical computations. It is found that with increase in gap spacing between the cylinders the critical Reynolds number for the onset of vortex shedding also increases. We observed a strong effect of Reynolds number at g = 2 and 4. Secondary cylinder interaction frequency disappears for large Reynolds number at g = 6 and 5 and the flow around cylinders are fully dominated by the primary vortex shedding frequency. This ensures that at large gap spacing with an increase in the Reynolds number the wakes interaction between and behind the cylinders is weaken. Furthermore, it also ensures that the wake interaction behind the cylinders is strongly influenced by the jets in the gap spacing between the cylinders. We also found that g = 2 is the critical gap spacing for flow across rows of staggered square cylinders for the considered range of Reynolds number. Depending on the Reynolds number we observed; synchronous, quasi-periodic-I, quasi-periodic-II, and chaotic flow patterns. In synchronous flow pattern, an in-phase and anti-phase characteristics of consecutive cylinders has been observed. The important physical parameters are also analyzed and discussed in detail.
Data from: Continuum of vasodilator stress from rest to contrast medium to adenosine hyperemia for fractional flow reserve assessment
OBJECTIVES: We compared the diagnostic performance with adenosine-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) #0.8 of contrast-based FFR (cFFR), resting distal pressure (Pd)/aortic pressure (Pa), and the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR). BACKGROUND: FFR objectively identifies lesions that benefit from medical therapy versus revascularization. However, FFR requires maximal vasodilation, usually achieved with adenosine. Radiographic contrast injection causes submaximal coronary hyperemia. Therefore, intracoronary contrast could provide an easy and inexpensive tool for predicting FFR. METHODS: We recruited patients undergoing routine FFR assessment and made paired, repeated measurements of all physiology metrics (Pd/Pa, iFR, cFFR, and FFR). Contrast medium and dose were per local practice, as was the dose of intracoronary adenosine. Operators were encouraged to perform both intracoronary and intravenous adenosine assessments and a final drift check to assess wire calibration. A central core lab analyzed blinded pressure tracings in a standardized fashion. RESULTS: A total of 763 subjects were enrolled from 12 international centers. Contrast volume was 8 +- 2 ml per measurement, and 8 different contrast media were used. Repeated measurements of each metric showed a bias <0.005, but a lower SD (less variability) for cFFR than resting indexes. Although Pd/Pa and iFR demonstrated equivalent performance against FFR #0.8 (78.5% vs. 79.9% accuracy, p ¼ 0.78; area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve: 0.875 vs. 0.881, p ¼ 0.35), cFFR improved both metrics (85.8% accuracy and 0.930 area, p < 0.001 for each) with an optimal binary threshold of 0.83. A hybrid decision-making strategy using cFFR required adenosine less often than when based on either Pd/Pa or iFR. CONCLUSIONS: cFFR provides diagnostic performance superior to that of Pd/Pa or iFR for predicting FFR. For clinical scenarios or health care systems in which adenosine is contraindicated or prohibitively expensive, cFFR offers a universal technique to simplify invasive coronary physiological assessments. Yet FFR remains the reference standard for diagnostic certainty as even cFFR reached only ~85% agreement.
Data from: Empirical phylogenies and species abundance distributions are consistent with pre-equilibrium dynamics of neutral community models with gene flow
Community characteristics reflect past ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Here, we investigate whether it is possible to obtain realistically shaped modelled communities – i.e., with phylogenetic trees and species abundance distributions shaped similarly to typical empirical bird and mammal communities – from neutral community models. To test the effect of gene flow, we contrasted two spatially explicit individual-based neutral models: one with protracted speciation, delayed by gene flow, and one with point mutation speciation, unaffected by gene flow. The former produced more realistic communities (shape of phylogenetic tree and species-abundance distribution), consistent with gene flow being a key process in macro-evolutionary dynamics. Earlier models struggled to capture the empirically observed branching tempo in phylogenetic trees, as measured by the gamma statistic. We show that the low gamma values typical of empirical trees can be obtained in models with protracted speciation, in pre-equilibrium communities developing from an initially abundant and widespread species. This was even more so in communities sampled incompletely, particularly if the unknown species are the youngest. Overall, our results demonstrate that the characteristics of empirical communities that we have studied can, to a large extent, be explained through a purely neutral model under pre-equilibrium conditions.
Data from: Measuring the biodiversity of microbial communities by flow cytometry
1. Measuring the microbial diversity in natural and engineered environments is important for ecosystem characterization, ecosystem monitoring and hypothesis testing. Although the conventional assessment through single marker gene surveys has resulted in major advances, the complete procedure remains slow (i.e., weeks to months), labour-intensive and susceptible to multiple sources of laboratory and data processing bias. Growing interest, in highly resolved, temporal surveys of microbial diversity, necessitates rapid, inexpensive and robust analytical platforms that require limited computational effort. 2. Here, we demonstrate that sensitive single-cell measurements of phenotypic attributes, obtained via flow cytometry, can provide fast (i.e., within minutes) first-line assessments of microbial diversity dynamics, without demanding extensive sample preparation and downstream data processing. We developed a data processing pipeline that fits bivariate kernel density functions to phenotypic parameter combinations of an entire microbial community, and concatenates them to a single one-dimensional phenotypic fingerprint. By calculating established diversity metrics from such phenotypic fingerprints, we construct an alternative interpretation of the microbial diversity that incorporates distinct phenotypic traits underlying cell-to-cell heterogeneity (i.e., morphology and nucleic acid content). 3. Based on a detailed longitudinal study of a highly dynamic microbial ecosystem, our approach delivered temporal alpha diversity profiles that strongly correlated with the reference diversity, as estimated by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. This strongly suggests that the distribution of a limited amount of phenotypic features within a microbial community already provides sufficient resolving power for the measurement of diversity dynamics at the species level. 4. We present a fast, robust analysis method for monitoring the microbial biodiversity of natural and engineered ecosystems that correlates well with the conventional marker gene surveys. Our work has both applied and fundamental implications that stretch from ecosystem monitoring and studies on microbial community dynamics, to supervised sampling strategies. Furthermore, our approach offers perspectives for the development of on-line and in situ monitoring systems for microbial ecosystems.
Data from: How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow
Habitat preference may promote adaptive divergence and speciation, yet the conditions under which this is likely are insufficiently explored. We use individual-based simulations to study the evolution and consequence of habitat preference during divergence with gene flow, considering four different underlying genetically-based behavioral mechanisms: natal habitat imprinting, phenotype-dependent, competition-dependent, and direct genetic habitat preference. We find that the evolution of habitat preference generally requires initially high dispersal, is facilitated by asymmetry in population sizes between habitats, and is hindered by an increasing number of underlying genetic loci. Moreover, the probability of habitat preference to emerge and promote divergence differs greatly among the underlying mechanisms. Natal habitat imprinting evolves most easily and can allow full divergence in parameter ranges where no divergence is possible in the absence of habitat preference. The reason is that imprinting represents a one-allele mechanism of assortative mating linking dispersal behavior very effectively to local selection. At the other extreme, direct genetic habitat preference, a two-allele mechanism, evolves under restricted conditions only, and even then facilitates divergence weakly. Overall, our results indicate that habitat preference can be a strong reproductive barrier promoting divergence with gene flow, but that this is highly contingent on the underlying preference mechanism.
Data from: Sex-biased gene flow among elk in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem
We quantified patterns of population genetic structure to help understand gene flow among elk populations across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We sequenced 596 base pairs of the mitochondrial (mt)DNA control region of 380 elk from eight populations. Analysis revealed high mtDNA variation within populations, averaging 13.0 haplotypes with high mean gene diversity (0.85). The genetic differentiation among populations for mtDNA was relatively high (FST = 0.161; P = 0.001) compared to genetic differentiation for nuclear microsatellite data (FST = 0.002; P = 0.332), which suggested relatively low female gene flow among populations. The estimated ratio of male to female gene flow (m_m/m_f = 46) was among the highest we have seen reported for large mammals. Genetic distance (for mtDNA pair-wise FST) was not significantly correlated with geographic (Euclidean) distance between populations (Mantel's r = 0.274, P = 0.168). Large mtDNA genetic distances (e.g. FST > 0.2) between some of the geographically closest populations (<65 km) suggested behavioral factors and/or landscape features might shape female gene flow patterns. Given the strong sex-biased gene flow, future research and conservation efforts should consider the sexes separately when modeling corridors of gene flow or predicting spread of maternally transmitted diseases. The growing availability of genetic data to compare male versus female gene flow provides many exciting opportunities to explore the magnitude, causes, and implications of sex-biased gene flow likely to occur in many species.
Data from: Estimation of inhalation flow profile using audio-based methods to assess inhaler medication adherence
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are required to inhale forcefully and deeply to receive medication when using a dry powder inhaler (DPI). There is a clinical need to objectively monitor the inhalation flow profile of DPIs in order to remotely monitor patient inhalation technique. Audio-based methods have been previously employed to accurately estimate flow parameters such as the peak inspiratory flow rate of inhalations, however, these methods required multiple calibration inhalation audio recordings. In this study, an audio-based method is presented that accurately estimates inhalation flow profile using only one calibration inhalation audio recording. Twenty healthy participants were asked to perform 15 inhalations through a placebo Ellipta™ DPI at a range of inspiratory flow rates. Inhalation flow signals were recorded using a pneumotachograph spirometer while inhalation audio signals were recorded simultaneously using the Inhaler Compliance Assessment device attached to the inhaler. The acoustic (amplitude) envelope was estimated from each inhalation audio signal. Using only one recording, linear and power law regression models were employed to determine which model best described the relationship between the inhalation acoustic envelope and flow signal. Each model was then employed to estimate the flow signals of the remaining 14 inhalation audio recordings. This process repeated until each of the 15 recordings were employed to calibrate single models while testing on the remaining 14 recordings. It was observed that power law models generated the highest average flow estimation accuracy across all participants (90.89±0.9% for power law models and 76.63±2.38% for linear models). The method also generated sufficient accuracy in estimating inhalation parameters such as peak inspiratory flow rate and inspiratory capacity within the presence of noise. Estimating inhaler inhalation flow profiles using audio based methods may be clinically beneficial for inhaler technique training and the remote monitoring of patient adherence.
Microscopy and flow cytometry raw data for: A genetically encoded biosensor to monitor dynamic changes of c-di-GMP with high temporal resolution
<p><br>This repository contains the microscopy and flow cytometry raw data for the following publication:</p> <p><strong>A genetically encoded biosensor to monitor dynamic changes of c-di-GMP with high temporal resolution</strong></p> <p>Andreas Kaczmarczyk, Simon van Vliet, Roman Peter Jakob, Raphael Dias Teixeira, Inga Scheidat, Alberto Reinders, Alexander Klotz, Timm Maier, Urs Jenal</p> <p>Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland</p> <p>Correspondence to: urs.jenal[at]unibas.ch, andreas.kaczmarczyk[at]unibas.ch</p>
PIV data of flow surrounding HEK-293 cell growth
<p>The dataset contains archived data from PIV measurements of flow in an organ-on-a-chip device presented as velocity fields in (yx), as well as cross sections of the data containing dimensions (z) needed to correctly display the data.</p>
High-resolution traffic flow data in Glasgow
<p><strong>Description of the dataset</strong></p> <p>This dataset offers a long-term traffic flow data at an intra-city scale with high spatio-temporal granularity. The dataset covers the Glasgow City Council area for four consecutive years spanning the COVID-19 pandemic, from October 2019 to September 2023, providing comprehensive temporal and spatial coverage. </p> <p>The code used to produce the indicators is available at: <a href="https://github.com/YueLi-0816/TrafficFlowData">https://github.com/YueLi-0816/TrafficFlowData</a>.</p> <p>This work is funded by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) from the Ministry of Education of P.R. China, the ESRC’s ongoing support for the Urban Big Data Centre (UBDC), and the Royal Society International Exchange Scheme.</p> <p><strong>Contents</strong></p> <p>Sensor status metadata - status.csv</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><span>Column name</span></p> </td> <td><span>Description</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>id</span></p> </td> <td><span>Unique ID for each sensor, e.g., GA0601_T.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>latitude</span></p> </td> <td><span>The Latitude in decimal degrees of WGS84 coordinates, e.g., 55.86238129.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>longitude</span></p> </td> <td><span>The Longitude in decimal degrees of WGS84 coordinates, e.g., -4.26570708.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>step 1</span></p> </td> <td><span>The status of sensors at the current step is 1 if retained and 0 if removed.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>step 2</span></p> </td> <td><span>The status of sensors at the current step is 1 if retained and 0 if removed.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>step 3</span></p> </td> <td><span>The status of sensors at the current step is 1 if retained and 0 if removed.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>step 4</span></p> </td> <td><span>The status of sensors at the current step is 1 if retained and 0 if removed.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>step 5.1</span></p> </td> <td><span>The status of sensors at the current step is 1 if retained and 0 if removed.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><span>step 5.2</span></p> </td> <td><span>The status of sensors at the current step is 1 if retained and 0 if removed.</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Sensor location metadata - locations.csv</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Column name</td> <td>Description</td> </tr> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>Unique ID for each sensor, e.g., GA0601_T.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>latitude</td> <td>The Latitude in decimal degrees of WGS84 coordinates, e.g., 55.86238129.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>longitude</td> <td>The Longitude in decimal degrees of WGS84 coordinates, e.g., -4.26570708.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>Traffic flows metadata</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>File name</td> <td>Description</td> </tr> <tr> <td>[sensor_id].csv</td> <td>Traffic flows. [sensor_id] refers to the ‘id’ from the locations.csv</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Column name</td> <td>Description</td> </tr> <tr> <td>date</td> <td>The date the data is collected (YYYY-MM-DD), e.g., 2021-11-04.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>time</td> <td>The hours of the day the data is collected range from 0 to 23, 0 = [0,1), 23 = [23,24).</td> </tr> <tr> <td>flow</td> <td>Number of vehicles that pass the sensor location during the one-hour interval. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
The data of Numerical Study on the Self-Sustaining Constant Temperature Fermentation Conditions and Regulation Mechanism of Banana Pseudostem Based on Thermal Flow-Reversal Reactor
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Flow cytometry data of intestinal immune cells related to Seumetry toolkit for analysis of high-dimensional flow and mass cytometry data
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Flow cytometry data of "MINCLE and TLR9 agonists synergize to induce sustained Th1/Th17 vaccine memory and potent mucosal recall in Mice and Non-Human Primates"
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.