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FIGURE 5. Female epigynum. A–C, Ternatus malleatus n in Te rn atu s, a new spider genus from China with a cladistic analysis and comments on its phylogenetic placement (Araneae: Linyphiidae)

FIGURE 5. Female epigynum. A–C, Ternatus malleatus n. sp. A, ventral; B, ventral, cleared, arrow indicates lateral loop of copulatory groove; C, dorsal, cleared. D–F, Ternatus siculus n. sp. D, ventral; E, ventral, cleared; F, dorsal, cleared.

FIGURES 40–41. Female genitalia. 40. Camaegeria massai n in New species and review of the Afrotropical clearwing moth genus Camaegeria Strand, 1914 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae: Synanthedonini)

FIGURES 40–41. Female genitalia. 40. Camaegeria massai n. sp. 41. Episannina perlucida (Le Cerf, 1911).

FIGURES 16–25. Emeia pseudosauteri male 16–22, female 23–25. 16, 17 in Emeia gen. nov., a new genus of Luciolinae fireflies from China (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) with an unusual trilobite-like larva, and a redescription of the genus Curtos Motschulsky

FIGURES 16–25. Emeia pseudosauteri male 16–22, female 23–25. 16, 17 aedeagal sheath (right margin of posterior section of sheath sternite arrowed in 16). 18, 19 aedeagus. 20–21 entire abdomen. 22 T8. 23 genitalia, anterior end to top of page. 24, 25 female after prolonged soaking in ethanol, illuminated from below (extent of hind wing arrowed in 24). (16, 18, 20 22, 24 ventral, 17, 19, 21, 25 dorsal).(Scale bar= 1mm).

FIGURES 32–36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 in Emeia gen. nov., a new genus of Luciolinae fireflies from China (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) with an unusual trilobite-like larva, and a redescription of the genus Curtos Motschulsky

FIGURES 32–36. Habitus Curtos costipennis. 32, 33 male, 34, 35 female, 36 larva. (32, 34, 36 dorsal, 33, 35 ventral) (Scale bar= 5mm).

FIGURE 2. Female. A-B in Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of new species in both Okajimaella and Paithrips

FIGURE 2. Female. A-B, antennae, right: (A) Okajimaella nonakai; (B) Paithrips pornthipae. C-D, meso- and metanota: (C) Okajimaella nonakai; (D) Paithrips pornthipae.

FIGURE 3. Brasileirinho cavaticus female, 2.4 in Brasileirinidae, a new isopod family (Crustacea: Isopoda) from the cave in Bahia (Brazil) with a discussion on its taxonomic position

FIGURE 3. Brasileirinho cavaticus female, 2.4 mm: C, pereonites (prn) III–IV with coxae, ventral view; C-Pe, pereopod III insertion on the pereonite III (prn III); Pe I, II, VII, pereopods I, II and VII.

FIGURE 5 in The first palpimanid spiders from Bolivia: two new species of the genus Otiothops MacLeay, and the female of Fernandezina pulchra Birabén (Araneae: Palpimanidae: Otiothopinae)

FIGURE 5. Fernandezina pulchra Birabén, habitus of preserved specimens: a–c, female (MACN-Ar 28903); d–f, male (CBF); a, d, dorsal views; b, e, lateral views; c, f, ventral views.

FIGURE 1. Otiothops kathiae n in The first palpimanid spiders from Bolivia: two new species of the genus Otiothops MacLeay, and the female of Fernandezina pulchra Birabén (Araneae: Palpimanidae: Otiothopinae)

FIGURE 1. Otiothops kathiae n. sp., habitus of preserved specimens: a–c, female paratype; d–f, male holotype; a, d, dorsal views; b, e, lateral views; c, f, ventral views.

FIGURE 4. Otiothops naokii n in The first palpimanid spiders from Bolivia: two new species of the genus Otiothops MacLeay, and the female of Fernandezina pulchra Birabén (Araneae: Palpimanidae: Otiothopinae)

FIGURE 4. Otiothops naokii n. sp., male holotype, left pedipalp: a, ventral view (* = apical lobe of embolus, anteriorly directed and with rounded tip); b, apical view; c, prolateral view; d, ventral view; e, retrolateral view.

FIGURE 3. Otiothops naokii n in The first palpimanid spiders from Bolivia: two new species of the genus Otiothops MacLeay, and the female of Fernandezina pulchra Birabén (Araneae: Palpimanidae: Otiothopinae)

FIGURE 3. Otiothops naokii n. sp., male holotype, habitus of preserved specimen: a, dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, ventral view.

FIGURE 2. Otiothops kathiae n in The first palpimanid spiders from Bolivia: two new species of the genus Otiothops MacLeay, and the female of Fernandezina pulchra Birabén (Araneae: Palpimanidae: Otiothopinae)

FIGURE 2. Otiothops kathiae n. sp., copulatory organs: a, e–g, male holotype; b–d, female paratype; a, right pedipalp (inverted), proventral view (* = apical lobe of embolus, retrolaterally directed and with pointed tip); e, right pedipalp (inverted), prolateral view; f, same, ventral view; g, same, retrolateral view; b, KOH digested internal genitalia, dorsal view (MR = median receptacula [collapsed], MS = median sclerite, PP = poreplate); c, epigastric region, ventral view, showing the approximate reconstruction of the shape of the median receptacula prior to KOH digestion; d, same, digested and cleared, showing the median sclerite (MS).

FIGURE 6 in The first palpimanid spiders from Bolivia: two new species of the genus Otiothops MacLeay, and the female of Fernandezina pulchra Birabén (Araneae: Palpimanidae: Otiothopinae)

FIGURE 6. Fernandezina pulchra Birabén, copulatory organs: a–b, female (MACN-Ar 28903); c–e, male (CBF); a, epigastric region, ventral view; b, KOH digested internal genitalia, dorsal view (MR = median receptacula, PE = posterior extension of the bursa, PP = poreplate); c–e, left pedipalp; c, prolateral view; d, ventral view; e, retrolateral view.

FIGURES 5–6. Female genitalia, segment A8. 5 in A new, prairie-restricted species of Anacampsis Curtis (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from Illinois

FIGURES 5–6. Female genitalia, segment A8. 5, Anacampsis psoraliella; 6, Anacampsis wikeri; A, dorsal aspect; B, rightlateral aspect, C, ventral aspect. Mediodorsal projection and apophyses posteriores removed for improved visibility in ventral aspect of A. wikeri.

FIGURES 8–13. Abaristophora arctophila, male. 8. Hypopygium, left view. 9. Hypopygium, right view. 10 in Palaearctic Abaristophora (Diptera: Phoridae): First female of A. arctophila Schmitz, 1927 and a new species from N. W. Russia

FIGURES 8–13. Abaristophora arctophila, male. 8. Hypopygium, left view. 9. Hypopygium, right view. 10. Surface microsculpture laterally on hypopygium. 11. Hypopygium, posterior view. 12. Hypopygium, ventral view. 13. Surface microsculpture ventrally on base of penis complex. Scale bars: 8, 9 = 100 μm; 10 = 1 μm; 11, 12 = 300 μm.

FIGURES 14–19. Abaristophora kolaensis n in Palaearctic Abaristophora (Diptera: Phoridae): First female of A. arctophila Schmitz, 1927 and a new species from N. W. Russia

FIGURES 14–19. Abaristophora kolaensis n. sp., male. 14. Left postpedicel. 15. Hypopygium, left view. 16. Hypopygium, right view. 17. Anterior face of distal half of fore tibia. 18. Posterior face of base of hind femur. 19. Surface microsculpture laterally on hypopygium (shown stippled in Figs 15, 16). Scale bars: 14–16 = 100 μm.

FIGURES 1–7. Abaristophora arctophila, female. 1. Head, anterior view. 2 in Palaearctic Abaristophora (Diptera: Phoridae): First female of A. arctophila Schmitz, 1927 and a new species from N. W. Russia

FIGURES 1–7. Abaristophora arctophila, female. 1. Head, anterior view. 2. Head and thorax, lateral view. 3. Proboscis, distal part of prementum and labellum, dorsal view. 4. Labellum, apico-lateral view. 5. Right palp, medial face. 6. Sensillum and microtrichiae on palp. 7. Terminal abdominal segments, left view. Scale bars: 1, 2 = 100 μm; 3–5, 7 = 10 μm; 6 = 1 μm.

FIGURES 15–17. Brachodinae. Female genitalia. 15 in New and little known Brachodidae from tropical Asia and Papua New Guinea (Lepidoptera, Cossoidea)

FIGURES 15–17. Brachodinae. Female genitalia. 15. Saccocera panaras sp. nov., holotype, Gen. prep. AK703 / BM32392 (BMNH). 16. Saccocera miangkabau sp. nov., Gen. prep. AK660 (CAK). 17. Miscera minahasa sp. nov., holotype, Gen. prep. AK617 / ANIC10605 (ANIC).

FIGURES 11–14. Brachodinae. Male and female genitalia. 11–12 in New and little known Brachodidae from tropical Asia and Papua New Guinea (Lepidoptera, Cossoidea)

FIGURES 11–14. Brachodinae. Male and female genitalia. 11–12. Saccocera orpheus (Kallies, 2004). 11. male, holotype, Gen. prep. AK238 (arrow indicates gnathos) (RMNH). 12. female, paratype, Gen. prep. AK40 (arrow indicates position of pouch-like structure at the ovipositior) (RMNH). 13. Synechodes agrippina (Meyrick, 1930), male, Gen. prep. AK129 / BM29206 (arrow indicates gnathos) (BMNH). 14. Synechodes andamanensis Kallies, 2004, paratype, Gen. prep. AK147 / BM29208 (arrow indicates ovipositior without pouch-like structure) (BMNH).

FIGURES 33–36. Phycodinae. Nigilgia spp., female genitalia. 33. N in New and little known Brachodidae from tropical Asia and Papua New Guinea (Lepidoptera, Cossoidea)

FIGURES 33–36. Phycodinae. Nigilgia spp., female genitalia. 33. N. anactis, India, Gen. prep. AK702 / BM32399 (BMNH). 34. N. anactis, China, Gen. prep. AK607 (CAK). 35. N. atribractea sp. nov., Papua New Guinea, Gen. prep. AK444 (USNM). 36. Nigilgia sp., female, West Papua (Indonesia), Gen. prep. AK28 (USNM).

FIGURE 2. Heterobathmia megadecella n in Two new heterobathmiid moth species with distinctive female genital configurations (Lepidoptera: Heterobathmiidae)

FIGURE 2. Heterobathmia megadecella n.sp., male genitalia, details in slide preparations as prepared for previous taxonomic descriptions of congeners (A & C–E), or stacked multifocus photographs of intact specimen (B). A, dorsum IX plus postgenital complex of holotype, dorsal view; ventral acanthae on the latter visible through cleared tergum X plate; B, postabdominal apex in dorsal view of paratype, notice contrast in pigmentation and texture between dorsum IX and extraordinarily large tergum X; C, venter IX with valvae of holotype; D, phallus of holotype; E, phallic apex of paratype, part of scaly-textured connecting zone between outer tube and syringe-like process from ejaculatory duct externally exposed. fr, sclerotized 'frame' of postgenital complex; mp, medial teguminal process; lp, lateral teguminal process; te, 'tegumen' (dorsum IX); tX, tergal plate of segment X; vi, 'vinculum' (venter IX), vl, valve.