Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 4 in A new species of Tiaracrinus from the latest Emsian of Morocco and its phylogeny

Fig. 4. PCA of some published (Le Menn 1190; Hauser 2008) and the two newly described specimens of Tiaracrinus (see Table 1). See Methods for definition of the parameters. A. Plot of principal components 1 and 2; note, how the new species separates well from the previously known ones. B. Plot of principal components 1 and 3. C. Plot of principal components 2 and 3; again, the new species is morphologically separated from the others. Open circles mark the values of the new species T. jeanlemenni sp. nov., solid squares mark all other species.

Fig. 2 in A new species of Tiaracrinus from the latest Emsian of Morocco and its phylogeny

Fig. 2. Zophocrinid crinoid Tiaracrinus jeanlemenni sp. nov., probably late Polygnathus patulus Conodont Biozone, late Anarcestes lateseptatus Ammonoid Biozone, latest Emsian, Early Devonian, eastern Anti-Atlas Morocco. A. PIMUZ 29739, holotype, "Red cliff" at Hamar Laghdad, Tafilalt. Lateral views (A1, A2), showing the radial channel and the rib-fields; note the ornamentation in the channel near the oral surface in A2. Aboral view (A3), note the small cross section of the trimeral basals and the low rim around it. Oral view (A4), note the ornamentation in the channel near the oral surface. Detail of A3 (A5), note the epispires and the uniform thickness of the ribs. On the top right, the subtle striation is faintly visible between the ribs. Oblique view of the aboral side (A6), showing the epispires. Due to weathering, the ribs obtained a tuberculate ornament (A7). B. PIMUZ 29741, paratype, Jebel Oufatene, Maïder. Aboral view (B1), the rib-fields are less vaulted and the cross section of the calyx less quadrate than in the holotype; the fossil on the top left is a spiriferid. Lateral views (B2, B3), showing the narrow ribs and the smooth surface of the radial channels; in the lateral aspect it looks like the radial channel is tapering towards the oral side of the cup.

Fig. 1 in A new species of Tiaracrinus from the latest Emsian of Morocco and its phylogeny

Fig. 1. Geological map (modified from Klug 2002) of the eastern Anti-Atlas showing the two localities that yielded Tiaracrinus.

Fig. 5 in A new species of Tiaracrinus from the latest Emsian of Morocco and its phylogeny

Fig. 5. Cluster analysis (Euclidean, paired group) of some published specimens and the two newly described specimens (see Table 1). The cluster on the right including Tiaracrinus quadrifrons and Tiaracrinus tetraedra is supported by the bootstrap (at 500 replicates; 59%with past); the Tiaracrinus oehlerti and Tiaracrinus moravicus-group (59 and 64%) and the Tiaracrinus jeanlemenni and Tiaracrinus rarus-group (62 and 72%) are also reasonably well supported. See also the methods chapter for definition of the parameters.

Fig. 9 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 9. Cladistic analysis of pholadoidean bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) Leach, 1852 obtained by processing the matrix in Appendix 4. Exhaustive search with constraints enforcing the relationships among the outgroup taxa in order to reproduce the distribution of the supraspecific characters and the topology of the cladogram in Fig. 3. Strict consensus of three most parsimonious cladograms (L 21, CI 0.62, RI 0.74, RC 0.46). Unsupported nodes collapsed. See text for the definition of the cladistic parameters. Symbols as in Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 8. Present−day geographical distribution of pholadoidean bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) Leach, 1852. See text for sources. A. Barnea (Anchomasa) alfredensis (Bartsch, 1915). D. Barnea (Anchomasa) davidi (Deshayes, 1874). E. Barnea (Anchomasa) erythraea (Gray, 1851). L. Barnea (Anchomasa) lamellosa (d'Orbigny, 1846). M. Barnea (Anchomasa) manilensis (Philippi, 1847). O. Barnea (Anchomasa) obturamentum (Hedley, 1893). P. Barnea (Anchomasa) parva (Pennant, 1777). S. Barnea (Anchomasa) similis (Gray, 1835). St. Barnea (Anchomasa) subtruncata (Sowerby, 1834). T. Barnea (Anchomasa) truncata (Say, 1822).

Fig. 7 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 7. Palaeogeographical distribution of pholadoidean bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) Leach, 1852 during the middle Miocene. Map redrawn from Rögl (1998), Langhian. See text for sources.

Fig. 6 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 6. Fossil species of pholadoidean bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) Leach, 1852 belonging to the European stock. A. Barnea (Anchomasa) palmula (Dujardin, 1837), from Dolfuss and Dautzenberg (1902: 58, pl. 1: 18–21), Langhian, Touraine, France. B. Barnea (Anchomasa) dumortieri (Fischer, 1866), from Fischer (1866: pl. 4: 3, 3a), middle Miocene, Rhone basin, France. C, D. Barnea (Anchomasa) parva (Pennant, 1777). C. From Janssen et al. (1984: pl. 91: 228a, b), Middle Pliocene, Netherlands. D. From Monari (2008: figs. 3a, b), Pleistocene, southern Tuscany, Italy. E. Barnea (Anchomasa) cylindrica (Sowerby, 1818), from Wood (1850: 295, pl. 30: 8a, b), Late Pliocene, England. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 5 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic reconstruction of Pholadoidea and most significant state changes proposed by Hoagland and Turner (1981: tab. 11, text−fig. 5).

Fig. 4 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 4. Detail of the selected cladogram showing the relationships and state changes among the genera and subgenera of the Pholadinae clade. Symbols as in Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 2. Phylogeny of Pholadoidea. A. Strict consensus tree obtained by heuristic search with unordered and equally weighted characters. B. Strict consensus of 173 most parsimonious cladograms retained by successive approximation weighting.

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Fig. 3 in Plesiosoricids from early Oligocene fissure fillings in South Germany, with remarks on plesiosoricid phylogeny

Fig. 3. Strict consensus of the 96 most parsimonious trees resulting from the analysis of the data matrix given in Table 2. Only the 10 ingroup−species with character completeness of>35% are included in the analysis; 26 characters. Tree length = 33, consistency index (CI) = 0.8788, rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.7030, CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.8000, retention index (RI) = 0.8000. Thin lines = European taxa; bold lines = North American species; dashed line = Asian species.

Fig. 7. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 in The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa from the early Cambrian of South Australia: Morphology, scleritome reconstruction, and phylogeny

Fig. 7. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990, from lower Cambrian Hawker Group, Flinders Ranges, Arrowie Basin, South Australia. A. Sellate sclerite (dextral), SAMP 43181, Bunyeroo 4; dorsal view showing narrow lateral lobes and wide sella with reduced, possibly abraded ornament. B. Mitral sclerite (dextral), SAMP 43182, MMF 0.0; B1, oblique view of deformed oblicate and accrescent sides showing wide through and disturbed radial ornament; B2, oblique view of plicate and decrescent sides showing normal placation, a pointed apex and deep internal cavity.

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Fig. 2 in Plesiosoricids from early Oligocene fissure fillings in South Germany, with remarks on plesiosoricid phylogeny

Fig. 2. Plesiosoricid mammal Butselia biveri Quinet and Misonne, 1965 from the Möhren Quarry (early Oligocene, southern Germany). A. Left dentary fragment with p1 and p3–m3, in occlusal (A1) and labial (A2) views, Möhren 12, BSP XI 1971 XXX 60. B. Left p2, in occlusal (B1) and labial (B2) views, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 5908. C. Left dentary fragment with p3–p4, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 239. D. Left p4, in occlusal (D1) and labial (D2) views, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 225. E. Left dentary fragment with m1, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 5604. F. Left m1, in labial view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 228. G. Right m2, reversed, in occlusal (G1) and labial (G2) views, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 229. H. Left m3, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 5909. I. Right m3, reversed, in labial view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 5599. J. Left P3, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 217. K. Left P4, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 218. L. Left M1, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 220. M. Left M2, a. in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 223. N. Left M3, in occlusal view, Möhren 13, BSP 1972 XI 243.

Fig. 9 in The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa from the early Cambrian of South Australia: Morphology, scleritome reconstruction, and phylogeny

Fig. 9. Tommotiid Dailyatia sp., probable C−type sclerite, SAMP 43187 from MMF 0.0, lower Cambrian Hawker Group, Flinders Ranges, Arrowie Basin, South Australia. A. Oblique apertural view showing asymmetric twist. B. Side view showing open coiling through almost a full whorl.

Fig. 6. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 in The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa from the early Cambrian of South Australia: Morphology, scleritome reconstruction, and phylogeny

Fig. 6. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 from lower Cambrian Hawker Group, Flinders Ranges, Arrowie Basin, South Australia, sellate sclerites. A. SAMP 43177 (sinistral), MMF 0.0; internal view of sclerite with damaged apex. B. SAMP 43178 (Dextral),Wilkawillina Q; B1, internal view of large specimen with apex removed by co−marginal breakage showing well developed duplicature; B2, Detail of duplicature showing minor co−marginal with nodose ornament and fine co−marginal and radial striae. C. SAMP 43179 (sinistral), Wilkawillina S; C1, side view of specimen with preserved apex viewed from the large lobe; C2, detail of lateral flank of large lobe with co−marginal ribs ornamented by nodes and superimposed reticulation. D. SAMP 43180 (Dextral), MMF 0.0; internal view of specimen with small lobe damaged showing cavity under duplicature of the large lobe.

Fig. 3 in Phylogeny and biogeography of pholadid bivalve Barnea (Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea

Fig. 3. Phylogeny of Pholadoidea. Most parsimonious tree corresponding to the 50% Majority Rule consensus tree obtained by successive approximation weighting. L 96. Indices under unitary weight conditions: CI 0.54, RI 0.85, RC 0.46. Indices under reweight conditions: CI 0.78, RI 0.94, RC 0.74. Abbreviations: L, length; CI, consistency index; RI, retention index; RC, rescaled consistency index. Numbers in bold indicate the Majority Rule values and, in brackets, the bootstrap support values of the individual nodes. Only bootstrap values higher than 40% are shown. Numbers in smaller type represent the most significant state changes at the respective nodes. Exclusive synapomorphies are in bold. Unambiguous not−exclusive synapomorphies are in normal type. Abbreviations A and D mark the ambiguous changes of character states under ACCTRAN and DELTRAN optimisations, respectively. For changes of character states in the Pholadinae clade see Fig. 4. The classification of Pholadoidea in Turner (1969) is shown besides the tree by comparison.

Fig. 5. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 in The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa from the early Cambrian of South Australia: Morphology, scleritome reconstruction, and phylogeny

Fig. 5. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 from lower Cambrian Hawker Group, Flinders Ranges, Arrowie Basin, South Australia, sellate sclerites. A. SAMP 43172 (dextral), Wilkawillina Q; A1, dorsal view of specimen with large and small lobe strongly inclined and ornament of wide co−marginal ribs; A2, oblique dorsal view showing unequal height of the lobes; A3, detail of ornament on small lobe showing wide co−marginal ribs with nodes and superimposed reticulation and fine growth striae between the ribs. B. SAMP 43173 (dextral), MMF 0.0; B1, side view (from small lobe) of specimen with narrow and densely spaced co−marginal ribs showing tightly coiled apex; B2, oblique dorsal view showing deep sella, radial rib on large lobe overhanging the sella and faint radial folds on both large and small lobe. C. SAMP 43174 (sinistral), MMF 0.0; dorsal view of small specimen showing maximum inclination of large and small lobes. D. SAMP 43175 (dextral), MMF 0.0; D1, side view (from large lobe) of specimen with intermediate development of co−marginal ribs showing tightly coiled apex; D2, oblique dorsal view showing unequal development of lobes and relatively narrow sella. E. SAMP 43176 (sinistral), Wilkawillina Q; dorsal view of large specimen with damaged small lobe, radial folds on large lobe and wide sella without co−marginal ornament (abrasion?).

Fig. 4. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 in The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa from the early Cambrian of South Australia: Morphology, scleritome reconstruction, and phylogeny

Fig. 4. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 from lower Cambrian Hawker Group, Flinders Ranges, Arrowie Basin, South Australia, mitral sclerites. A. SAMP 43170 (sinistral), Wilkawillina S; A1, apertural view of large specimen showing deep apertural cavity and angular deflection of radial ribs on plicate side which is developed into a lip projecting under the accrescent side (on left in the picture); A2, view from accrescent side showing strong curvature of the specimen and aperture; A3, apical view showing initial equal development of radial ribs on plicate and obplicate (lowermost in picture) sides, development of the plicate side into a projecting lip and faint co−marginal ornament on the internal surface of the sclerite; A4, detail of apex showing circular perforation (breakage?) and subdued ornament. B. SAMP 43171 (sinistral), MMF 0.0; B1, apertural view of specimen showing deep apertural cavity, deflection of radial ribs on plicate side and growth disturbances on plicate and obplicate sides following damage and/or growth retardation at 2/3 of final sclerite length; B2, detail of growth disturbances on internal surface of obplicate side; B3, detail apex showing smoothly rounded apex without perforations.

Fig. 2. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990 in The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa from the early Cambrian of South Australia: Morphology, scleritome reconstruction, and phylogeny

Fig. 2. Tommotiid Camenella reticulosa Conway Morris, 1990, from lower Cambrian Hawker Group, Flinders Ranges, Arrowie Basin, South Australia explanation of terminology. A, B. Sellate sclerites. A. SAMP 43172 (dextral), Wilkawillina Q, in dorsal view. B. SAMP 43178 (dextral),Wilkawinnina Q, in ventral view. C. Mitral sclerite, SAMP 43167 (sinistral), MMF 0.0, in apical view.