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2,603 results for “Ecological data”
Data from: Pelagic zone is an evolutionary catalyst, but an ecological dead end, for North American minnows
<p>Colonization of a novel geographic area is a classic source of ecological opportunity. Likewise, complex microhabitats are thought to promote biodiversity. We sought to reconcile these two predictions when they are naturally opposing outcomes. We assess the macroevolutionary consequences of an ancestral shift from benthic to pelagic microhabitat zones on rates of speciation and phenotypic evolution in North American minnows. Pelagic species have more similar phenotypes and slower rates of phenotypic evolution, but faster speciation rates, than benthic species. These are likely two independent, opposing responses to specialization along the benthic-pelagic axis, as rates of phenotypic evolution and speciation are not directly correlated. The pelagic zone is more structurally homogenous and offers less ecological opportunity, acting as an ecological dead end for minnows. In contrast, pelagic species may be more mobile and prone to dispersal and subsequent geographic isolation and, consequently, experience elevated instances of allopatric speciation. Microhabitat shifts can have decoupled effects on different dimensions of biodiversity, highlighting the need for nuance when interpreting the macroevolutionary consequences of ecological opportunity.</p>
Data from: Ecosystem engineers shape ecological network structure and stability: a framework and literature review
<p>Ecosystem engineering is a ubiquitous process where species influence the physical environment and thereby structure ecological communities. However, there has been little effort to synthesise or predict how ecosystem engineering may impact the structure and stability of interaction networks. To assess the current scientific understanding of ecosystem engineering impacts via habitat forming, habitat modification, and bioturbation on interaction networks/food webs, we reviewed the literature covering marine, freshwater, and terrestrial food webs, plant-pollinator networks, and theory. We provide a conceptual framework and identify three major pathways of engineering impact on networks through changes in resource availability and energy flow, habitat heterogeneity, and environmental filtering. These three processes often work in concert and most studies report that engineering increases species richness. This is particularly marked for engineers that increase habitat heterogeneity and thereby the number of available niches. The response of network structure to ecosystem engineering varies, however some patterns emerge from this review. Engineered habitat heterogeneity leads to a higher number of links between species in the networks and increases link density. Connectance can be negatively or positively affected by ecosystem engineer impact, depending on the engineering pathway and the engineer impact of species richness. We discuss how ecosystem engineers can stabilize or destabilize communities through the changes in niche space, diversity, network structure, and the dependency on the engineering impact. Theory and empirical evidence need to inform each other to better integrate ecosystem engineering and ecological networks. A mechanistic understanding how ecosystem engineering traits shape interactions networks and their stability will be important to predict species extinctions and can provide crucial information for conservation and ecosystem restoration.</p>
Code and data sets analysed in: "Marine heatwave bleaching causes mass mortality and drives a microbial community reorganisation in an ecologically important temperate sponge" Bell et al. (2024). Global Change Biology
<p>The attached zipped folder contains in-situ, satellite, reanalysis and laboratory measurements, together with R and MATLAB scripts, to reproduce the results in Bell et al. (2024). Marine heatwave bleaching causes mass mortality and drives a microbial community reorganisation in an ecologically important temperate sponge. Global Change Biology. Each folder contains a read me file that describes the enclosed data sets and scripts.</p>
FIGURES 237–242 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 237–242. Mastigini, habitats. Durban env. (237–240) and Doreen Clark Nature Reserve (241–242), RSA, habitat of Stenomastigus longicornis.
FIGURES 233–235 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 233–235. Mastigini, morphological structures, Stenomastigus varii. Pterothorax in lateral view (233); left elytral base in dorsal view (234); microsculpture of elytron (235). Abbreviations: aest, mesanepisternum; aest3, metanepisternum; cx3, metacoxa; epm2, mesepimeron; epm3, metepimeron; pre, prepectus; v3, metaventrite.
FIGURES 217–220 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 217–220. Mastigini, behavior. Adults of Palaeostigus palpalis feeding on dead tomocerid springtail (217); on live enchytraeid (218); on dead bibionid fly (219); and on a piece of mortadella (220).
FIGURES 202–207 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 202–207. Mastigini, habitats. Lucena env. (202–203) and Ubrique env. (204–205; photo Marek Wanat), Spain, habitat of Palaeostigus palpalis; Wilderness Nature Reserve, RSA, habitat of Palaeostigus bifoveolatus (206–207; photo Rafał Ruta).
FIGURES 225–228 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 225–228. Mastigini, morphological structures, Stenomastigus varii. Mouthparts in anterodorsal (225) and dorsal (226) views; left maxillary palpomere IV in dorsal view (227); porous fields on maxillary palpomere IV (228). Abbreviations: cl, clypeus; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gal, galea; lbr, labrum; lp, labial palp; mxp4, maxillary palpomere IV; pf, porous field.
FIGURES 189–193 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 189–193. Mastigini, morphological structures, Paleostigus ruficornis schimitscheki. Prothorax in lateroventral view (189); mesonotum in dorsal view (190); pterothorax and abdominal base in ventral view (191); anterior portion of pterothorax in ventral view (192); metanotum in dorsal view (193). Abbreviations: ade, adcoxal expansion; ala, alacrista; amvp, anterior metaventral process; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cxst, coxal part of prosternum; mma, median membranous area; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; pchl, postcoxal hypomeral lobe; pre, prepectus; sc3, metascutum; scl2, mesoscutellum; si, setose impression; v3, metaventrite.
FIGURES 194–199 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 194–199. Mastigini, morphological structures, Palaeostigus ruficornis schimitscheki. Meso- and metaventrite and abdominal base in dorsal view (194); abdominal apex of male (195) and female (196) in ventral view; spermatheca (197–198); isolated copulatory piece and flagellum (199). Abbreviations: acg, accessory gland; cp, copulatory piece; dsp, ductus spermathecae; fl, flagellum; lmfa, lateral metafurcal arm; msf, mesofurca; sp, spermatheca; st3, 7–8, abdominal sternite III, VII–VIII; v2, mesoventrite; v3, metaventrite.
FIGURES 221–224 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 221–224. Mastigini, morphological structures, Stenomastigus longicornis (221–222) and Stenomastigus varii (223– 224). Head and prothorax in lateral view (221); head in frontal (222), dorsal (223) and ventral (224) views. Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lbr, labrum; mg, median groove; mn, mentum; mxp2–4, maxillary palpomere II–IV; pd, pedicel; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; sc, scape; smn, submentum.
FIGURES 185–188 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 185–188. Mastigini, morphological structures, Palaeostigus ruficornis schimitscheki. Right maxilla in ventral view (185); labium in dorsal view (186); right maxillary palpomeres II–IV in dorsal view (187); porous fields on maxillary palpomere IV (188). Abbreviations: bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; gal, galea; lac, lacinia; lhl, lateral hypopharyngeal lobe; lp2–3, labial palpomere II–III; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pf, porous field; ppf, palpifer.
FIGURES 180–183 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 180–183. Mastigini, morphological structures, Palaeostigus ruficornis schimitscheki. Mouthparts in dorsal (180) and ventral (184) views; labrum in ventral view (181); right mandible in dorsal (182) and left mandible in ventral (183) views. Abbreviations: bst, basistipes; cd, cardo; eph, epipharynx; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; lbr, labrum; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pst, prostheca.
FIGURES 172–175 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 172–175. Mastigini, morphological structures, Mastigus deustus. Head in ventral view (172); mouthparts in ventral view (173); prothorax in ventral view (174); anterior portion of pterothorax in ventral view (175). Abbreviations: amvp, anterior metaventral process; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; nss, notosternal suture; pchl, postcoxal hypomeral lobe; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum.
FIGURES 208–213 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 208–213. Mastigini, behavior. Adult of Palaeostigus palpalis feeding on caterpillar of?Lecithoceridae. Attack (208); 1 min later (209); 26 min later (210); 32 min later (211); 45 min later (212); and 60 min later (213). Entire feeding took 67 min.
FIGURES 167–171 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 167–171. Mastigini, morphological structures, Mastigus spinicornis. Head in dorsal (167) and lateral (168) views; right scape and pedicel in mesal view (169); porous fields in scape (170); pterothorax and abdomen in ventral view (171). Abbreviations: amvp, anterior metaventral process; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mxp2–4, maxillary palpomere II– IV; pd, pedicel; pf, porous field; sc, scape; st3–8, abdominal sternite III–VIII.
FIGURES 176–179 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 176–179. Mastigini, morphological structures, Palaeostigus ruficornis schimitscheki. Head in dorsal (176) and ventral (177) views; left scape and pedicel in mesoventral view (178); porous fields on scape (179). Abbreviations: ai, antennal insertion; fcg, frontoclypeal groove; gp, gular plate; hr, hypostomal ridge; lbr, labrum; lp, labial palp; mg, median groove; mn, mentum; mxp1–4, maxillary palpomere I–IV; pd, pedicel; pf, porous field; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; sc, scape; smn, submentum.
FIGURES 243–246 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 243–246. Mastigini, living beetles. Stenomastigus longicornis, Doreen Clark Nature Reserve, RSA (243–245); Stenomastigus inopinatus, Mariepskop State Forest, RSA (246).
FIGURES 229–232 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 229–232. Mastigini, morphological structures, Stenomastigus varii. Mouthparts in ventral view (229); prothorax in ventral (230) and lateral (231) views; pterothorax and abdominal base in ventral view (232). Abbreviations: ade, adcoxal expansion; amvp, anterior metaventral process; bst, basistipes; bstr, basisternal part of prosternum; cd, cardo; cxst, coxal part of prosternum; lp1–3, labial palpomere I–III; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; mxp1, maxillary palpomere I; pchl, postcoxal hypomeral lobe; pm, prementum; ppf, palpifer; pre, prepectus; st3–4, abdominal sternite III–IV.
FIGURES 159–162 in World genera of Mastigitae: review of morphological structures and new ecological data (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
FIGURES 159–162. Mastigini, examples of extant species; lateral habitus. Palaeostigus prolongatus, male (159); Palaeostigus bifoveolatus, male (160); Stenomastigus longicornis, male (161); Stenomastigus dendrophilus, female (162).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.