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2,326 results for “clusters”
Reactivity of graphene-supported Co clusters
<p>Raw data, meta data and corresponding list of figures are included.</p>
UV imaging of cluster fields
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The code and dataset for the paper "Hierarchical Clustering for Consistent Inverse Rendering of Indoor Scenes"
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Exploration of the electron density and bare nuclear potential along the selected normal modes of the selected water clusters - W6 - changedHexamers
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Exploration of the electron density and bare nuclear potential along the selected normal modes of the selected water clusters - W6
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Undirected scale-free graphs for cluster-BFS
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Globular Cluster Fermipy analysis output
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Data for The Absolute Age of Milky Way Globular Clusters
<p>MC isochrones used to estimate the absolute age of 8 Milky Way GCs.</p> <p>Isochrone data for each GC is stored in HDF5 format and compressed. Each file comprises 10000 sets of isochrones with information such as age, mass, magnitude, etc. The stellar evolution parameters used to construct each isochrone can also be found in the file. The HDF5 file can be accessed using tools like python.</p> <p>Detailed instruction to read MC parameters and MC isochrones can be found in the notebook: Instruction on reading isochrones.ipynb</p>
Data for paper 'Formation of motile cell clusters in heterogeneous model tumors: The role of cell-cell alignment' (PRE, 2024)
<p>The data provided in this repository is generated for the publication ‘Formation of motile cell clusters in heterogeneous model tumors: The role of cell-cell alignment’ by Quirine J.S. Braat, Cornelis Storm and Liesbeth M.C. Janssen and published in Physical Review E.</p> <p>The data is generated using the Cellular Potts Model in CompuCell3D [1] that can be retrieved from GitHub. The simulations contain a more detailed description of the data, and the data provided here can be reproduced using the appropriate simulation code and parameters. These can be found on GitHub via <a href="https://github.com/QBraat/Cluster-Formation-Alignment">https://github.com/QBraat/Cluster-Formation-Alignment</a>.</p> <p>The data in this repository has been divided into the following sets: </p> <ol> <li><strong>EmptyLayer_Random.zip</strong>. this data set belongs to section III.A and section III.C and contains detailed information about the cells’ positions, orientation as a function of time for the active cells in free space.</li> <li><strong>EmptyLater_Random_single.zip</strong>. this data set belongs to section III.A and contains processed data about the order parameter and cluster size as a function of time for the active cells in free space.</li> <li><strong>ConfluentLayer_Random_single.zip</strong>. this data set belongs to section III.B and contains the processed data about the order parameter and cluster size as a function of time for the active cells in a confluent layer. </li> <li><strong>ConfluentLayer_Random_FiniteSize.zip</strong>. this data set belongs to the data in the supplementary information.</li> <li><strong>ConfluentLayer_Random_InitialBlock.zip</strong>. this data set belongs to the data in the supplementary information.</li> </ol> <p>Other than these sets, there is an additional data set ‘<strong>ConfluentLayer_Random.zip</strong>’, which contains the detailed information about the cells’ positions, orientation etc. as a function of time for the confluent layer simulations in section III.B and section III.C. This data set has not been included as it contains a significantly large amount of data, but can be received upon request from the authors.</p> <h3>Detailed information about the data set</h3> <p>Each data point in the paper is generated by running 200 simulations using the simulation code for a set of parameters. For each combination of parameters (tau, gamma), we either got the full dynamic information (Full) or only the dynamic evolution of the mean cluster size and the steady state values for the mean cluster size and order parameter (Single).</p> <p><strong>Confluent layer (fraction = 0.25</strong><strong>)</strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>tau / gamma</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>1.0</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.5</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.2</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.1</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.05</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.02</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.01</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.005</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.001</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.001</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>500 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>2500 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>4000 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Empty layer (fraction = 0.25</strong><strong>) </strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>tau / gamma</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>1.0</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.5</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.2</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.1</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.05</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.02</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.01</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.005</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.001</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>0.001</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>500 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>2500 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>4000 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p><strong>Other simulations </strong></p> <p>Apart from the main results, we also ran simulations with different parameter settings to get more insights into the dynamic behavior.</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Simulations</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Settings</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Storage type</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Different fraction active cells</p> </td> <td> <p>Confluent layer, fraction = 0.1, other parameters as before</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>No alignment</p> </td> <td> <p>Confluent Layer + Empty Layer, fraction = 0.25, gamma = 0, tau = 2500 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Initially aligned cluster</p> </td> <td> <p>Fully aligned cluster, Confluent Layer + Empty Layer, gamma = 1.0, 0.01, 0.001 and tau = 2500 mcs</p> </td> <td> <p>Full</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Finite-size effects</p> </td> <td> <p>Confluent Layer, number of cells = 100, 400, 9000, 1600, 2500 cells</p> </td> <td> <p>Single</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <h2>Data format</h2> <p>When the simulations are run with full data export, the following files are generated: </p> <ul> <li>data_cells_<settings>.dat: <ul> <li>mcs: time stamp in Monte Carlo Steps (MCS) </li> <li>cell.id: number of the cell </li> <li>cell.type: type of the Cells (active = 2, passive = 1) </li> <li>xCOM: x-coordinate of the center of mass </li> <li>yCOM: y-coordinate of the center of mass </li> <li>zCOM: z-coordinate of the center of mass (always equal to 0 in 2D) </li> <li>pol_angle: angle with respect to the x-axis of the active force orientation. </li> <li>cluster.id: number of the cluster to which the cells belongs.</li> </ul> </li> <li>data_clusters_<settings>.dat: <ul> <li>mcs: time stamp in Monte Carlo Steps (MCS)</li> <li>cluster_id: number of the cluster (corresponding to the number cluster.id in data_cells_<settings>.dat </li> <li>cluster_size: number of cells in the given cluster </li> </ul> </li> <li>metadata_<settings>.dat: <ul> <li>Information about the full set of simulation parameters</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>When the simulations are run with single data export, the following files are generated: </p> <ul> <li>single_export_<settings>.dat: <ul> <li>steadyS: steady state value of the mean cluster size (mean calculated after 60000 mcs)</li> <li>steadyS_std: standard deviation of the steady state value of the mean cluster size</li> <li>steadyP: steady state value of the polarity order parameter </li> <li>steadyP_std: standard deviation of the steady state value of the polarity order parameter </li> </ul> </li> <li>St-single-export_<settings>.dat: <ul> <li>mcs: time stamp in Monte Carlo Steps (MCS)</li> <li>St: mean cluster size at given time stamp</li> <li>St_std: standard deviation of the mean cluster size at a given time stamp </li> </ul> </li> <li>S-max-single-export_<settings>.dat <ul> <li>mcs: time stamp in Monte Carlo Steps (MCS)</li> <li>Smax: largest cluster detected at a given time stamp</li> </ul> </li> <li>metadata_<settings>.dat: <ul> <li>Information about the full set of simulation parameters</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data from: A recently transferred cluster of bacterial genes in Trichomonas vaginalis –lateral gene transfer and the fate of acquired genes.
Background: Lateral Gene Transfer (LGT) has recently gained recognition as an important contributor to some eukaryote proteomes, but the mechanisms of acquisition and fixation in eukaryotic genomes are still uncertain. A previously defined norm for LGTs in microbial eukaryotes states that the majority are genes involved in metabolism, the LGTs are typically localized one by one, surrounded by vertically inherited genes on the chromosome, and phylogenetics shows that a broad collection of bacterial lineages have contributed to the transferome. Results: A unique 34 kbp long fragment with 27 clustered genes (TvLF) of prokaryote origin was identified in the sequenced genome of the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Using a PCR based approach we confirmed the presence of the orthologous fragment in four additional T. vaginalis strains. Detailed sequence analyses unambiguously suggest that TvLF is the result of one single, recent LGT event. The proposed donor is a close relative to the firmicute bacterium Peptoniphilus harei. High nucleotide sequence similarity between T. vaginalis strains, as well as to P. harei, and the absence of homologs in other Trichomonas species, suggests that the transfer event took place after the radiation of the genus Trichomonas. Some genes have undergone pseudogenization and degradation, indicating that they may not be retained in the future. Functional annotations reveal that genes involved in informational processes are particularly prone to degradation. Conclusions: We conclude that, although the majority of eukaryote LGTs are single gene occurrences, they may be acquired in clusters of several genes that are subsequently cleansed of evolutionarily less advantageous genes.
Data from: An a posteriori species clustering for quantifying the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning
1. Quantifying the effects of species interactions is key to understanding the relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning but remains elusive due to combinatorics issues. Functional groups have been commonly used to capture the diversity of forms and functions and thus simplify the reality. However, the explicit incorporation of species interactions is still lacking in functional group-based approaches. Here we propose a new approach based on an a posteriori clustering of species to quantify the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning. 2. We first decompose the observed ecosystem function using null models, in which species diversity does not affect ecosystem function, to separate the effects of species interactions and species composition. This allows the identification of a posteriori functional groups that have contrasting diversity effects on ecosystem functioning. We then develop a formal combinatorial model of species interactions in which an ecosystem is described as a combination of co-occurring functional groups, which we call an assembly motif. Each assembly motif corresponds to a particular biotic environment. We demonstrate the relevance of our approach using datasets from a microbial experiment and the long-term Cedar Creek Biodiversity II experiment. 3. We show that our a posteriori approach is more accurate, more efficient and more parsimonious than a priori approaches. The discrepancy between a priori and a posteriori approaches results from the way each clustering is set up: a priori approaches are based on ecosystem or species properties, such as ecosystem size (number of species or functional groups) or species' functional traits, whereas our a posteriori approach is based only on the observed interaction and composition effects on ecosystem functioning. 4. Our findings demonstrate that an a posteriori approach is highly explanatory: it identifies who interacts with whom, and quantifies the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning. They also highlight that a combinatorial modelling of ecosystem functioning can predict the functioning of an ecosystem without any hypothesis about the biotic or environmental determinants or any information on species functional traits. It only requires the species composition of the ecosystem and the observed functioning of others that share the same assembly motif.
Data from: Genomic region detection via Spatial Convex Clustering
Several modern genomic technologies, such as DNA-Methylation arrays, measure spatially registered probes that number in the hundreds of thousands across multiple chromosomes. The measured probes are by themselves less interesting scientifically; instead scientists seek to discover biologically interpretable genomic regions comprised of contiguous groups of probes which may act as biomarkers of disease or serve as a dimension-reducing pre-processing step for downstream analyses. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised feature learning technique which maps technological units (probes) to biological units (genomic regions) that are common across all subjects. We use ideas from fusion penalties and convex clustering to introduce a method for Spatial Convex Clustering, or SpaCC. Our method is specifically tailored to detecting multi-subject regions of methylation, but we also test our approach on the well-studied problem of detecting segments of copy number variation. We formulate our method as a convex optimization problem, develop a massively parallelizable algorithm to find its solution, and introduce automated approaches for handling missing values and determining tuning parameters. Through simulation studies based on real methylation and copy number variation data, we show that SpaCC exhibits significant performance gains relative to existing methods. Finally, we illustrate SpaCC's advantages as a pre-processing technique that reduces large-scale genomics data into a smaller number of genomic regions through several cancer epigenetics case studies on subtype discovery, network estimation, and epigenetic-wide association.
Segregated Nanocompartments Containing Therapeutic Enzymes and Imaging Compounds within DNA-Zipped Polymersome Clusters for Advanced Nanotheranostic Platform
<p>Data underlying the figures in the publication “Segregated Nanocompartments Containing Therapeutic Enzymes and Imaging Compounds within DNA-Zipped Polymersome Clusters for Advanced Nanotheranostic Platform”, published in <em>Small,</em> <strong>2020</strong>, 16, 1906492.</p> <p><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.201906492">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.201906492</a></p> <p>Table of contents:</p> <p><strong>1. Figure 2</strong>; Zip file containing the numerical data for the graphs of <em>Figure 2 (2c, 2e, 2g & 2i)</em>.</p> <p><strong>2. Figure 3</strong>; Zip file containing the numerical data for the graphs of <em>Figure 3 (3a-d)</em>.</p> <p><strong>3. Figure 4</strong>; Zip file containing the numerical data for the graphs of <em>Figure 4 (4a-d)</em>.</p> <p><strong>4. Figure 5</strong>; Zip file containing the CLSM microscopic images from four different locations of 488-633-Ncomp clusters attached to the surface (<em>Figure 5a</em>) and images of the merged DY-633 and Atto-488 channels of the four locations with colocalized regions appearing in white (<em>Figure 5b</em>).</p> <p>The dataset also includes the numerical data/images for the <em>Figures S2, S3, S5, S7, S9, S10, S11, S13, S14</em> and <em>S16-S22</em>.</p>
Mechanical heterogeneity along single cell-cell junctions is driven by lateral clustering of cadherins during vertebrate axis elongation
<p>Morphogenesis is governed by the interplay of molecular signals and mechanical forces across multiple length scales. The last decade has seen tremendous advances in our understanding of the dynamics of protein localization and turnover at sub-cellular length scales, and at the other end of the spectrum, of mechanics at tissue-level length scales. Integrating the two remains a challenge, however, because we lack a detailed understanding of the subcellular patterns of mechanical properties of cells within tissues. Here, in the context of the elongating body axis of <i>Xenopus</i> embryos, we combine tools from cell biology and physics to demonstrate that individual cell-cell junctions display finely-patterned local mechanical heterogeneity along their length. We show that such local mechanical patterning is essential for the cell movements of convergent extension and is imparted by locally patterned clustering of a classical cadherin. Finally, the patterning of cadherins and thus local mechanics along cell-cell junctions are controlled by Planar Cell Polarity signaling, a key genetic module for CE that is mutated in diverse human birth defects.</p>
Microscopy data: interaction of the gene zgc::64022 with RNA polymerase II clusters during early zebrafish embryo development
<p>Microscopy image data containing fluorescently labeled gene loci, recruited RNA polymerase II, and elongating RNA polymerase II.</p> <p>This data set is for the gene <em>zgc::64022</em> and is obtained from fixed zebrafish embryos, collected at the developmental stages oblong, sphere, dome, 30% epiboly, and 50% epiboly (indicated in the file names). Data were recorded using an instant-SIM microscope (iSIM, VisiTech UK) with a 100X TIRF oil immersion objective (Nikon, NA 1.49, CFI SR HP Apo TIRF 100XAC Oil). Two independent experiments were performed (IF1, IF2 in the file name), for each experiment, between one and three samples were prepared per stage and experiment (001, 002 in the file name).</p> <p>The image data are in the ND2 format (Nikon proprietary) and can be imported using the BioFormats importer (Open Microscopy Environment).</p>
Microscopy data: interaction of the gene vamp2 with RNA polymerase II clusters during early zebrafish embryo development
<p>Microscopy image data containing fluorescently labeled gene loci, recruited RNA polymerase II, and elongating RNA polymerase II.</p> <p>This data set is for the gene <em>vamp2</em> and is obtained from fixed zebrafish embryos, collected at the developmental stages oblong, sphere, dome, 30% epiboly, and 50% epiboly (indicated in the file names). Data were recorded using an instant-SIM microscope (iSIM, VisiTech UK) with a 100X TIRF oil immersion objective (Nikon, NA 1.49, CFI SR HP Apo TIRF 100XAC Oil). Two independent experiments were performed (IF1, IF2 in the file name), for each experiment, between one and three samples were prepared per stage and experiment (001, 002, 003 in the file name).</p> <p>The image data are in the ND2 format (Nikon proprietary) and can be imported using the BioFormats importer (Open Microscopy Environment).</p>
Figure 26 Apical sensorial setal cluster area and setaed3 andd4 in Review of Amblyseius Berlese (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Western Siberia, Russia
Figure 26 Apical sensorial setal cluster area and setaed3 andd4 of tarsus I, female, right leg, dorsal aspect: A – Amblyseius silvaticus Chant, 1959; B – Amblyseius ampullosus Wu and Lan, 1991, C – Amblyseius krantzi Chant, 1959, D – Amblyseius meridionalis Berlese, 1914.
The impact of estimator choice: Disagreement in clustering solutions across K estimators for Bayesian analysis of population genetic structure across a wide range of empirical datasets
<p class="CxSpFirst">The software program STRUCTURE is one of the most cited tools for determining population structure. To infer the optimal number of clusters from STRUCTURE output, the Δ<i>K</i> method is often applied. However, a recent study relying on simulated microsatellite data suggested that this method has a downward bias in its estimation of <i>K</i> and is sensitive to uneven sampling. If this finding holds for empirical datasets, conclusions about the scale of gene flow may have to be revised for a large number of studies. To determine the impact of method choice, we applied recently described estimators of <i>K</i> to re-estimate genetic structure in 41 empirical microsatellite datasets; 15 from a broad range of taxa and 26 focused on a diverse phylogenetic group, coral. We compared alternative estimates of <i>K</i> (Puechmaille statistics) with traditional (Δ<i>K</i> and posterior probability) estimates and found widespread disagreement of estimators across datasets. Thus, one estimator alone is insufficient for determining the optimal number of clusters regardless of study organism or evenness of sampling scheme. Subsequent analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) between clustering solutions did not necessarily clarify which solution was best. To better infer population structure, we suggest a combination of visual inspection of STRUCTURE plots and calculation of the alternative estimators at various thresholds in addition to Δ<i>K</i>. Differences between estimators could reveal patterns with important biological implications, such as the potential for more population structure than previously estimated, as was the case for many studies reanalyzed here.</p>
MuGNN: API Misuse Detection using Graph Neural Networks and Clustering
<div> <div>This artifact presents `MuGNN`, a novel framework for efficiently detecting API misuse in Java code. The approach leverages a `Graph Neural Network (GNN)` model to generate embeddings of Java API usage code using a custom `API Flow Graph (AFG)` representation. This representation captures execution sequences, data flow, and control flow, enabling better understanding of API usage patterns. MuGNN employs self-supervised pre-training and clustering to analyze API usage and identify potential misuse.</div> </div>
Figure 4 from: Nelson G, Paul D, Riccardi G, Mast A (2012) Five task clusters that enable efficient and effective digitization of biological collections. ZooKeys 209: 19-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.209.3135
Figure 4 - Specimen image processing. Using Adobe Photoshop Lightroom software to process images. New York Botanical Garden.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.