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625 results for “Anomaly”
Fig. 2 in Unsuccessful predation on Middle Paleozoic plankton: Shell injury and anomalies in Devonian dacryoconarid tentaculites
Fig. 2. The shells of the Early Devonian dacryoconarid tentaculites, with anomalous development of the shell ornament or having repaired injuries. A. The Emsian Homoctenus hanusi Bouček, 1964 (NM L6288) from Daleje−Třebotov Formation, Prague Basin, Holyně locality. Views showing an anomalous development of the shell ornamentation. B. The Pragian Nowakia (Turkestanella) acuaria Richter, 1854 (NM L6291) from Praha Formation, Prague Basin, Bráník locality. Views showing the irregular development of the rings. C. The Emsian Nowakia elegans Barrande, 1867 (CGU PL3970) from the Zlíchov Formation, Prague Basin, Klukovice Locality. Several views demonstrating the damage and the manner of shell repair. All shells illustrated have the same orientation (growth direction is from right to left). Scale bars 1 mm.
Fig. 1 in Unsuccessful predation on Middle Paleozoic plankton: Shell injury and anomalies in Devonian dacryoconarid tentaculites
Fig. 1. Diagrams illustrating the total generic diversity of the Order Dacryoconarida and their turnover rates (relative origination and extinction rates). The generic diversity (including the both genera and subgenera) is defined as the number of generic taxa ranging through the time unit, plus half of the number of those confined to the unit or ranging beyond the time unit, but originating or ending within it. Relative turnover rates (origination or extinction) is defined as the total number of generic level taxa originating or going extinct within the time unit, divided by the total generic diversity. Analysis is based on data of Alberti (1993, 1997a, b, 1998, 2000) and Sepkoski (2002).
Fig. 3 in Unsuccessful predation on Middle Paleozoic plankton: Shell injury and anomalies in Devonian dacryoconarid tentaculites
Fig. 3. Reconstructions of the Emsian tentaculite Nowakia elegans Barrande, 1867. A. Adult shell having normal development. B. Reconstruction of the shell figured here as Fig. 2C.
FRGADB - FIRST Radio Galaxy Anomaly Detection Benchmark
<p>This dataset is a combination of samples from the MiraBest, FRGMRC and LRG catalogues. It is intended to serve as a benchmark for models' performance with respect to anomalous source detection in radio astronomy.</p>
Daily Anomalies and High Productivity Zone Mask for Northern Peruvian Coastal Marine Ecosystem during the 2017 Coastal El Niño (December 2016 - May 2017)
<p>This dataset is part of the manuscript entitled "Chlorophyll Response and High Productivity Zone Contraction in Northern Perú During the 2017 Coastal El Niño."</p> <p>The dataset is designed to assess the atmospheric and oceanographic drivers of productivity changes during the 2017 Coastal El Niño. It allows detailed analysis of the interactions between physical processes (e.g., wind-driven upwelling rates, heat flux changes) and biological responses (e.g., chlorophyll concentration variations) in a region highly susceptible to ENSO-related variability. This comprehensive dataset provides valuable insight into the physical-biological coupling and the impacts of rapid climate events on marine ecosystems. The dataset, covering the period from December 1, 2016, to May 31, 2017, includes:</p> <p>1. Chlorophyll-a Anomalies (chla): Represents deviations in surface chlorophyll concentrations, a proxy for phytoplankton biomass, highlighting variations in primary productivity during the event.</p> <p>2. Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (sst): Captures changes in sea surface temperatures relative to the climatological mean, providing insight into the warming pattern typical of marine heatwaves associated with the Coastal El Niño.</p> <p>3. Sea Level Anomaly (sla): Indicates changes in sea surface height, which reflects thermal expansion of water masses and potential contributions from coastal trapped waves propagating along the Peruvian coast.</p> <p>4. Wind Component Anomalies (u,v): Daily anomalies for both zonal (east-west) and meridional (north-south) wind components, which are critical for understanding changes in wind patterns including upwelling and Ekman transport processes.</p> <p>5. Ekman Pumping Anomalies (w): Represents variations in vertical water movement forced by wind stress curl, highlighting the suppression or enhancement of upwelling during the event.</p> <p>6. Latent Heat Flux Anomalies (lathf): Indicates deviations in heat loss from the ocean surface due to evaporation, affecting surface temperature regulation.</p> <p>7. Shortwave Radiation Anomalies (swrad): Shows changes in solar radiation (and also a proxy for PAR) reaching the ocean surface, influencing upper ocean heat content and the light availability for phytoplankton.</p> <p>8. High Productivity Zone (mask): A binary mask with daily values of 1 indicating areas meeting the HPZ criterion and 0 otherwise, allowing for spatial tracking of the HPZ's extent during the period of study.</p> <p> </p>
MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR ANOMALY DETECTION IN PUBLIC DATA USING GITHUB AS AN EXAMPLE
<p>This study explores the application of machine learning algorithms for detecting anomalies in GitHub data to enhance the evaluation of technological projects. The research aims to develop a robust methodology for identifying data anomalies, such as artificial activity spikes, that can distort project assessments. Methods such as Isolation Forest, One-Class SVM, and advanced deep learning techniques like autoencoders and GANs are employed to analyze and identify irregular patterns in GitHub repositories. The findings demonstrate that these algorithms effectively detect both obvious and subtle anomalies, offering reliable insights into project authenticity. The proposed conceptual model integrates these methods into a scalable system, enhancing transparency and accuracy in technological project evaluation. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive approach to analyzing GitHub data, combining traditional and deep learning techniques to improve the reliability of assessments, making it a significant contribution to the field.</p>
Figure 1-3. Beetle anomalies. 1 in Three anomalies of Coleoptera (Carabidae, Staphylinidae, and Scarabaeidae) from Connecticut
Figure 1-3. Beetle anomalies. 1) Carabus nemoralis Muller. Drawing of maxillary palpus; a) Normal; b) Abnormal; c) Dorsal view of habitus. 2) Oxyporus rufipennis LeConte. Drawing of antennas; a) Normal; b) Abnormal; c) Dorsal view of head. 3) Phyllophaga glaberrima (Blanchard). Ventral drawing of middle legs; a) Normal; b) Abnormal; c) Dorsal view of habitus.
Text-fig. 4. Tooth replacement by the barbary ground squirrel (Atlantoxerus getulus). a – right maxillary with DP3–M3 (MNCN- 5522) showing the relative position of the two deciduous teeth; b – right maxillary with P3–M3 (MNCN-5538) showing the replacement of the DP4 by the P4 (not erupted). Blue: DP4; green: P4; yellow DP3; red: P3. in Dental Anomaly In A Middle Miocene Fossil Of The Genus Spermophilinus (Rodentia, Sciuridae) From Southern Germany
Text-fig. 4. Tooth replacement by the barbary ground squirrel (Atlantoxerus getulus). a – right maxillary with DP3–M3 (MNCN- 5522) showing the relative position of the two deciduous teeth; b – right maxillary with P3–M3 (MNCN-5538) showing the replacement of the DP4 by the P4 (not erupted). Blue: DP4; green: P4; yellow DP3; red: P3.
Text-fig. 3. Scatter diagram of mean L/W values of selected Spermophilinus upper first molars (M1 and M2) from Switzerland and south Germany. The crosses correspond to the minimum and maximum values of the length and width. The intersection gives the value of the mean. Comparative data are after Ziegler and Fahlbusch (1986), Bolliger (1992), Kälin (1993), Ziegler (1995, 2005), Kälin and Engesser (2001), Prieto (2007), Prieto et al. (2009, 2017), Seehuber (2009). Blue: localities younger than ~14 Ma (S. bredai); Green: localities ranging from ~14 Ma to ~15Ma (S. bredai); Red: localities ranging from ~15 Ma to ~16 Ma (S. besana); Yellow: older localities (most S. besana). in Dental Anomaly In A Middle Miocene Fossil Of The Genus Spermophilinus (Rodentia, Sciuridae) From Southern Germany
Text-fig. 3. Scatter diagram of mean L/W values of selected Spermophilinus upper first molars (M1 and M2) from Switzerland and south Germany. The crosses correspond to the minimum and maximum values of the length and width. The intersection gives the value of the mean. Comparative data are after Ziegler and Fahlbusch (1986), Bolliger (1992), Kälin (1993), Ziegler (1995, 2005), Kälin and Engesser (2001), Prieto (2007), Prieto et al. (2009, 2017), Seehuber (2009). Blue: localities younger than ~14 Ma (S. bredai); Green: localities ranging from ~14 Ma to ~15Ma (S. bredai); Red: localities ranging from ~15 Ma to ~16 Ma (S. besana); Yellow: older localities (most S. besana).
Text-fig. 2. Spermophilinus bredai (VON MEYER, 1848): left upper jaw with P3–M1 (NMA-2019-2/2352). a – the specimen in occlusal view; b – mesial view; c – labial view. Scale bars 1 mm. in Dental Anomaly In A Middle Miocene Fossil Of The Genus Spermophilinus (Rodentia, Sciuridae) From Southern Germany
Text-fig. 2. Spermophilinus bredai (VON MEYER, 1848): left upper jaw with P3–M1 (NMA-2019-2/2352). a – the specimen in occlusal view; b – mesial view; c – labial view. Scale bars 1 mm.
Text-fig. 1. Spermophilinus bredai (VON MEYER, 1848): 3D models of a right upper jaw with (abnormal) P3, P4 and all molars (mirrored; NMA-2019-1/2352). a – the specimen in occlusal view showing the relative position of the three roots in place of P3 (yellow) compared to P4 (green); b – same view, with focus on P3–P4; c – lingual view; d – mesial view. Scale bars 2 mm. in Dental Anomaly In A Middle Miocene Fossil Of The Genus Spermophilinus (Rodentia, Sciuridae) From Southern Germany
Text-fig. 1. Spermophilinus bredai (VON MEYER, 1848): 3D models of a right upper jaw with (abnormal) P3, P4 and all molars (mirrored; NMA-2019-1/2352). a – the specimen in occlusal view showing the relative position of the three roots in place of P3 (yellow) compared to P4 (green); b – same view, with focus on P3–P4; c – lingual view; d – mesial view. Scale bars 2 mm.
Figure 4 in The trouble with flippers: a report on the prevalence of digital anomalies in Cetacea
Figure 4. Tracing (A) and radiograph (B) of the right flipper of a grey whale (Eschrichtius robustus, LACM 54543). An additional digit lies between digits IV and V, and is represented by a single rounded metacarpal and three phalanges. The dotted line indicates the extent of cartilage shared between digit IV and the anomalous digit. Tracing (C) and radiograph (D) of the flipper of a fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus, USNM 550116). Three additional phalanges are embedded in the connective tissue between digits IV and V. Scale bars: 1 cm. Key: metacarpals, dark grey; phalanges, light grey; cartilages, white; anomalous elements, black.
Figure 2 in The trouble with flippers: a report on the prevalence of digital anomalies in Cetacea
Figure 2. Illustrations of digital anomalies. A, the typical mammalian manus with five digits and a phalangeal formula of 2/3/3/3/3. B, hyperphalangy. C, polydactyly. D, polyphalangy. E, interdigital elements. Key: metacarpals (mc), dark grey; phalanges (ph), light grey; anomalous elements, black.
Figure 3 in The trouble with flippers: a report on the prevalence of digital anomalies in Cetacea
Figure 3. Published reports of cetacean digital malformations. A, cartilaginous interdigital elements in a fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus; Kükenthal, 1893). B and C, polyphalangy and an accessory ossification in two harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena; Kunze, 1912). D, polydactyly in the vaquita (Phocoena sinus; Ortega-Ortiz et al., 2000). E, polyphalangy in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus; Watson et al., 1994). F, polyphalangy in the beluga (Delphinapterus leucas; Yablokov, 1974). Illustrations are not drawn to scale. Roman numerals identify digits. Key: metacarpals, dark grey; phalanges, light grey; cartilages, white; anomalous elements, black.
Figure 7 in The trouble with flippers: a report on the prevalence of digital anomalies in Cetacea
Figure 7. Patterns of cetacean digital anomalies, and the possible developmental mechanisms that could generate these morphologies. Key: metacarpals, dark grey; phalanges, light grey; cartilages, white; anomalous elements, black.
Figure 5 in The trouble with flippers: a report on the prevalence of digital anomalies in Cetacea
Figure 5. Phalangeal fusion in tracing (A) and radiograph (B) of a common dolphin (Delphinus delphis, USNM 550041). C and D, accessory ossification in a dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima, USNM 550482). E and F, additional metacarpal ossification centre in an Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis, USNM 504736). G and H, metacarpal–phalangeal and interphalangeal fusion in Gervais' beaked whale (Mesoplodon europeus, USNM 504256). Scale bars: 1 cm. Key: metacarpals, dark grey; phalanges, light grey; cartilages, white; anomalous elements, black.
Figure 1 in The trouble with flippers: a report on the prevalence of digital anomalies in Cetacea
Figure 1. The evolution of digits among tetrapods. A, the early Devonian tetrapod Tiktaalik (Shubin et al., 2006) with radials. B, Acanthostega (Coates & Clack, 1990) was the first tetrapod with digits. C, a synapsid (Carroll, 1988) displayed the canonical pentadactylous tetrapod manus. D, the pendtadactylous archaeocete cetacean Rodhocetus displayed the primitive mammalian phalangeal formula of 2/3/3/3/3 (Gingerich et al., 2001). Roman numerals indicate digit identity. Dark-grey elements are metacarpals, light-gray elements are phalanges. Radials (r) and lepitotrichia (le). Scale bars: 1 cm.
ATASF: Tri-hourly anomaly of tropical atmospheric surface fluxes.
<p><strong>ATASF dataset</strong> is a product that contains the tri-hourly surface anomalies of the entire tropical region (180°W - 178.125°E/33.3328°S – 31.4281°N) of the heat fluxes and of the incident and reflected radiation. These are calculated from 20th Century Reanalysis V2c data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at <a href="http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/">http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/</a>. This product contains the variables:</p> <ol> <li>Tri-hourly convective precipitation rate (kg m^{-2} s)</li> <li>Tri-hourly downward longwave radiation flux at surface (w m^{-2})</li> <li>Tri-hourly downward solar radiation flux at surface (w m^{-2})</li> <li>Tri-hourly upward longwave radiation flux at surface (w m^{-2})</li> <li>Tri-hourly upward solar radiation flux at surface (w m^{-2})</li> <li>Tri-hourly latent heat net flux at surface (w m^{-2})</li> <li>Tri-hourly sensible heat net flux at surface (w m^{-2})</li> </ol> <p>All these 3D grids have a period of time from 1851-01-01 00:00:00 to 2014-12-31 21:00:00, with a spatial resolution of 1.875 x 1.904732 degrees. The objective of this dataset is to facilitate researchers to study the anomalies of these 7 parameters on the ocean surface during the occurrence of short and medium duration physical processes such as low pressures, cold fronts, hurricanes and others.</p>
Spatial Damped Anomaly Persistence (SDAP) Forecasts of Sea Ice Presence in the Antarctic between 1999 and 2020
<p>Spatial Damped Anomaly Persistence Forecasts of Sea Ice Presence in the southern hemisphere between 1999 and 2020. Each netcdf file corresponds to a single initialisation, done at the start of the stated month, and the forecasts for the following 120 days, both probabilistic (SDAP) and deterministic (SAP) forecasts. The forecasts were derived using OSI SAF sea-ice concentration records (OSI SAF 450 and 430b) and follow the resolution of that dataset (25 km EASE-2 grid). Further details regarding the forecasting method and the results can be found in Niraula et Goessling, 2021 (in review).</p> <p> </p> <p>Please note that while the filenames say "DampedForecast", each file contains both Damped or Deterministic forecasts associated with the date.</p>
Spatial Damped Anomaly Persistence (SDAP) Forecasts of Sea Ice Presence in the Arctic between 1999 and 2020
<p>Spatial Damped Anomaly Persistence Forecasts of Sea Ice Presence in the Arctic between 1999 and 2020. Each netcdf file corresponds to a single initialisation, done at the start of the stated month, and the forecasts for the following 120 days, both probabilistic (SDAP) and deterministic (SAP) forecasts. The forecasts were derived using OSI SAF sea-ice concentration records (OSI SAF 450 and 430b) and follow the resolution of that dataset (25 km EASE-2 grid). Further details regarding the forecasting method and the results can be found in Niraula et Goessling, 2021 (in review).</p> <p> </p> <p>Please note that while the filenames say "DampedForecast", each file contains both Damped or Deterministic forecasts associated with the date.</p> <p> </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.