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287 results for “Azores”
Data from: Establishment of a coastal fish in the Azores: recent colonisation or sudden expansion of an ancient relict population?
The processes and timescales associated with ocean-wide changes in the distribution of marine species have intrigued biologists since Darwin's earliest insights into biogeography. The Azores, a mid-Atlantic volcanic archipelago located >1000 km off the European continental shelf, offers ideal opportunities to investigate phylogeographic colonisation scenarios. The benthopelagic sparid fish known as the common two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris) is now relatively common along the coastline of the Azores archipelago, but was virtually absent before the 1990s. We employed a multiple genetic marker approach to test whether the successful establishment of the Azorean population derives from a recent colonisation from western continental/island populations or from the demographic explosion of an ancient relict population. Results from nuclear and mtDNA sequences show that all Atlantic and Mediterranean populations belong to the same phylogroup, though microsatellite data indicate significant genetic divergence between the Azorean sample and all other locations, as well as among Macaronesian, western Iberian and Mediterranean regions. The results from Approximate Bayesian Computation indicate that D. vulgaris has likely inhabited the Azores for ~40 (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.5–83.6) to 52 (95% CI: 6.32–89.0) generations, corresponding to roughly 80–150 years, suggesting near-contemporary colonisation, followed by a more recent demographic expansion that could have been facilitated by changing climate conditions. Moreover, the lack of previous records of this species over the past century, together with the absence of lineage separation and the presence of relatively few private alleles, do not exclude the possibility of an even more recent colonisation event.
FIGURES 1–6. Fulvius borgesi n in A new Fulvius species from Azores Islands (Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae)
FIGURES 1–6. Fulvius borgesi n. sp. Male genital structures. 1–2, left paramere, respectively in ventral and laterodorsal views (Ap1: primary apophysis, Ba: base, Cp: body, La2: lobe of ventral surface), scales = 0.1 mm.; 3, right paramere in ventral view, scale = 0.05 mm.; 4, pygophore in dorsal view, scale = 0.1 mm.; 5, endophallus in laterodorsal view (Ds: ductus seminis, G2: secondary gonopore, S1: sclerotized area, S2: sclerites 2, S3: sclerites 3, Th: theca), scale = 0.1 mm.; 6, theca in lateroventral view, scale = 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 7. Fulvius borgesi n in A new Fulvius species from Azores Islands (Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae)
FIGURE 7. Fulvius borgesi n. sp. Female genital structures: left parietovaginal ring in dorsal view (Ap: parietovaginal ring, DLP: dorsolabiate plate, SS: seminal sac), scale = 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Diphascon (Diphascon) faialense sp. nov. a new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada, Hypsibiidae) from the Azores and a key to the species of the D. pingue group
FIGURE 3. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatus and claws of the second or third pair of legs of: A–B, Diphascon pinguiforme; C–D, Diphascon australianum. Scale bars = 10 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Diphascon (Diphascon) faialense sp. nov. a new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada, Hypsibiidae) from the Azores and a key to the species of the D. pingue group
FIGURE 2. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatus and claws of the second or third pair of legs of: A–B, Diphascon pingue; C–D, Diphascon polare; E–G, Diphascon mitrense. Scale bars = 10 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Diphascon (Diphascon) faialense sp. nov. a new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada, Hypsibiidae) from the Azores and a key to the species of the D. pingue group
FIGURE 4. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatus and claws of the first or second or third pair of legs of: A–B, Diphascon victoriae; C–D, Diphascon dastychi; E–F, Diphascon claxtonae. Scale bars = 10 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Diphascon (Diphascon) faialense sp. nov. a new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada, Hypsibiidae) from the Azores and a key to the species of the D. pingue group
FIGURE 1. Diphascon faialense sp. nov., A, habitus of the holotype (scale bar = 30 µm); B. bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the holotype (scale bar = 10 µm); C, claws of the third pair of legs of a paratype (scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 5 in Biodiversity patterns of cavernicolous ground-beetles and their conservation status in the Azores, with the description of a new species: Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)
FIGURE 5. Mean activity-density (+ s.e.) of Trechus terceiranus Machado (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Algar do Carvão (Terceira island) between 2001 and 2006 (until September). Activity-density was measured as the number of specimens per trap per sampling night.
FIGURE 2 in Biodiversity patterns of cavernicolous ground-beetles and their conservation status in the Azores, with the description of a new species: Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)
FIGURE 2. Aedeagus of Trechus isabelae n. sp. a) median lobe, lateral view; b) left and right parameres c) median lobe, dorsal view. Scale: 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Biodiversity patterns of cavernicolous ground-beetles and their conservation status in the Azores, with the description of a new species: Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)
FIGURE 3. Location in the island of São Jorge (digital map of João Tavares adapted from Pereira et al. in press) and general aspect of Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Photo P.A.V. Borges).
FIGURE 6 in Biodiversity patterns of cavernicolous ground-beetles and their conservation status in the Azores, with the description of a new species: Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)
FIGURE 6. Relationship between the logarithm of the mean abundance +1 and the logarithm of distribution for the 10 Azorean species of Trechinae. The species within the quadrate are the most restricted and less abundant. The species marked with an open square is Trechus terrabravensis (see text for more details); 1—Thalassophilus azoricus, 2—Trechus torretassoi, 3—Trechus jorgensis, 4—Trechus pereirai, 5—Trechus isabelae, 6—Trechus montanheirorum, 7—Trechus oromii, 8—Trechus terrabravensis, 9—Trechus picoensis, 10—Trechus terceiranus.
FIGURE 4. A–C in New records of eutardigrades (Tardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 4. A–C, Doryphoribius maranguensis (holotype): A, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; B, claws of the third pair of legs; C, cuticular ornamentation of the posterior portion of the body (Scale bar = 10 µm). D–F, Doryphoribius macrodon (holotype): D, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; E, claws of the first pair of legs; F, claws of the third pair of legs (Scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 1. A–G in New records of eutardigrades (Tardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 1. A–G, Macrobiotus almadai sp. nov. (holotype): A, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; B and C, claws of the third pair of legs; D, claws of the hind legs; E, egg; F and G, details of the egg shell (arrow indicates the small teeth of the terminal disc). (Scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 3. A–E in New records of eutardigrades (Tardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 3. A–E, Doryphoribius picoensis sp. nov.: A, habitus of a paratype (Scale bar = 20 µm); B and C, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of a paratype (in C the shape of the first macroplacoid is shown) (scale bar = 10 µm); D, claws of the third pair of legs of a paratype; E, claws of the hind legs of the holotype (Scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 2. A and B in New records of eutardigrades (Tardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 2. A and B, Macrobiotus hufelandi: A, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; B, detail of the egg (Scale bar = 10 µm). C and D, Macrobiotus sandrae (paratype): C, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; D, detail of the egg (Scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 3 in Echiniscidae (Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 3. Bryodelphax atlantis sp. nov. A, B, habitus (paratype); arrows indicate supplementary plates; C, claws of the second pair of legs of the holotype; the spur is visible on the internal claws. D, dentate fringe on one of the hind legs of a paratype. E, B. mateusi, fourth pair of legs; some long teeth of the dentate fringe are visible. Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURE 2. A, E in Echiniscidae (Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 2. A, E. curiosus, cuticular ornamentation (paratype); B, C, E. zetotrymus, cuticular ornamentation of the anterior portion (B) and the posterior portion (C) of the body of a paratype. Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Echiniscidae (Tardigrada, Heterotardigrada) from Faial and Pico Islands, the Azores, with the description of two new species
FIGURE 1. Echiniscus azoricus sp. nov. A (holotype), B, C, D (paratype), details of the plate sculpture and appendages; E, claws of the fourth pair of legs of the holotype, the dentate collar, and the spur on one internal claw are visible (arrows). Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Scissurella from the Azores with discussions on Sinezona semicostata Burnay & Rolán, 1990 and Sinezona cingulata (O. G. Costa, 1861) (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Scissurellidae)
FIGURE 7. SEM-micrographs of shells in frontal, umbilical, apical and detail on protoconch (apical view). Sinezona semicostata MNHN. Grande Salvage, Salvage Islands 30.13°N, 15.86°W. Scale bars: shell 200 µm, protoconch 100 µm.
FIGURE 6. Sinezona cingulata radula AMS 380705 in A new species of Scissurella from the Azores with discussions on Sinezona semicostata Burnay & Rolán, 1990 and Sinezona cingulata (O. G. Costa, 1861) (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Scissurellidae)
FIGURE 6. Sinezona cingulata radula AMS 380705. Ceuta, Anse Sachel, Caseme del Reine, Spain 35.88º N, 5.30ºW. A. Central section, scale bar = 20 µm. B. Close up of rachidian, lateral teeth and marginals, scale bar =10 µm. C. Full radula, scale bar = 250 µm.
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