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145 results for “Behavioral variation”
Data from: Genetic variation in social environment construction influences the development of aggressive behavior in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Intraspecific variation in incubation behaviors along a latitudinal gradient is driven by nest microclimate and selection on neonate quality
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Data from: Behavioral constraints on local adaptation and counter-gradient variation: implications for climate change
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Data from: Size, sex, and individual-level behavior drive intra-population variation in cross-ecosystem foraging of a top-predator
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Data from: A dynamic state model of migratory behavior and physiology to assess the consequences of environmental variation and anthropogenic disturbance on marine vertebrates
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Data from: Predictable gene expression related to behavioral variation in parenting
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Data from: When the mean no longer matters: developmental diet affects behavioral variation but not population averages in the house cricket (Acheta domesticus)
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Data from: Duetting behavior in a Neotropical ovenbird: sexual and seasonal variation and adaptive signaling functions
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Variation in social feeding behaviors and interactions among Caenorhabditis nematodes
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Becoming creatures of habit: among- and within-individual variation in nesting behavior shifts with age
<p>The quantification of repeatability has enabled behavioral and evolutionary ecologists to assess the heritable potential of traits. For behavioral traits that vary across life, age-related variation should be accounted for to prevent biasing the microevolutionary estimate of interest. Moreover, to gain a mechanistic understanding of ontogenetic variation in behavior, among- and within-individual variance should be quantified across life. We leveraged a 30-year study of painted turtles (<i>Chrysemys picta</i>) to assess how age contributes to variation in the repeatability of nesting behaviors. We found that four components of nesting behavior were repeatable, and that accounting for age increased the repeatability estimate for maternal choice of canopy cover over nests. We detected canalization (diminished within-individual variance with age) of canopy cover choice in a reduced dataset despite no shift in repeatability. Additionally, random regression analysis revealed that females became more divergent from each other in their choice of canopy cover with age. Thus, properly modeling age-related variance should more precisely estimate heritable potential, and assessing among- and within-individual variance components in addition to repeatability will offer a more mechanistic understanding of behavioral variation across age.</p>
Data from: Linking genetic merit to sparse behavioral data: does behavior explain genetic variation for maternal care in Soay sheep?
Wild quantitative genetic studies have focused on a subset of traits (largely morphological and life-history), with others, such as behaviors, receiving much less attention. This is because it is challenging to obtain sufficient data, particularly for behaviors involving interactions between individuals. Here, we explore an indirect approach for pilot investigations of the role of genetic differences in generating variation in parental care. Variation in parental genetic effects for offspring performance is expected to arise from among-parent genetic variation in parental care. Therefore, we used the animal model to predict maternal breeding values for lamb growth and used these predictions to select females for field observation, where maternal and lamb behaviors were recorded. Higher predicted maternal breeding value for lamb growth was associated with greater suckling success, but not with any other measures of suckling behavior. Though our work cannot explicitly estimate the genetic basis of the specific traits involved, it does provide a strategy for hypothesis generation and refinement, that we hope could be used to justify data collection costs needed for confirmatory studies. Here results suggest that behavioral genetic variation is involved in generating maternal genetic effects on lamb growth in Soay sheep. Though important caveats and cautions apply, our approach may extend the ability to initiate more genetic investigations of difficult-to-study behaviours and social interactions in natural populations.
Data from: Iterative evolution of increased behavioral variation characterizes the transition to sociality in spiders and proves advantageous
The evolution of group living is regarded as a major evolutionary transition and is commonly met with correlated shifts in ancillary characters. We tested for associations between social tendency and a myriad of abiotic variables and behavioral traits (e.g., boldness, activity level) in a clade of spiders that exhibit highly variable social structures.We found that social species tended to exhibit reduced aggressiveness towards prey, increased fearfulness towards predators, reduced activity levels, and occurred in warm, wet habitats with low wind velocities. Within-species variation in aggressiveness and boldness were greater in social species. We then assessed the functional consequences of within-species trait variation on reconstituted colonies of four species (A. eximius, A. rupununi, A. guacamayos, A. oritoyacu). We used colonies consisting of known ratios of docile versus aggressive individuals and group foraging success as a measure of colony performance.We found that groups composed of a mixture of docile and aggressive individuals outperformed monotypic groups: (1) mixed groups were more effective at subduing medium and large sized prey, and (2) mixed groups collectively gained more mass during shared feeding events. Our results suggest that the iterative evolution of depressed aggressiveness and increased within-species behavioral variation in social spiders is advantageous, and could be an adaptation to group living that is analogous to the formation of morphological castes within the social insects
Data from: Positioning behavior according to individual color variation improves camouflage in novel habitats
Behavior can play a key role in adaptation, especially in novel environments. Here we study how ground-perching grasshoppers that colonized street pavements as novel habitats behaviorally manage their detection rates by predators. We found that grasshoppers positioned themselves aligned with the spaces between adjacent bricks more than expected by chance. By performing a virtual predation experiment, we confirmed that this positioning behavior decreases predation rate. Surprisingly, individuals with a poorer cryptic coloration made greater use of this positioning behavior, while individuals with a better cryptic coloration relied more on background color matching. Additionally, positioning behavior interacted with other anti-predation behaviors: individuals who were positioned on the space between bricks allowed potential predators to get closer before fleeing. These results indicate that these grasshoppers showed adaptive flexibility in camouflage and escape behaviors as a function of both individual and environmental variation. Such behavioral flexibility should allow organisms to cope better with novel environments, which deserves more study especially in the current context of global change.
Supplementary material 2 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
: Explanation note: Matrix of MS-AFLP called fragments for all individuals.
Figure 5 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
Figure 5 Scatterplot of between-individual Euclidean genetic and epigenetic distance showing significant positive correlation between genetic and epigenetic differentiation. The correlation was tested using a Mantel test and 10,000 permutations of the design matrix to determine significance.
Figure 1 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
Figure 1 Species assignment based on call pulse period ratio and center frequency. Labeled boxes indicate the calls classified as N.robustus and N.bivocatus. Individuals that fall outside of species classifications were removed from further epigenetic and genetic analyses (as described in Ney and Schul 2017).
Figure 4 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
Figure 4 Consensus shared ancestry population structure for epigenetic and genetic loci. A. and C. Bar plots using MS-AFLP loci to estimate genetic (A) and epigenetic (C) structure among N.robustus and N.bivocatus using the software package STRUCTURE. B. and D. Delta K graphs for K = 1–10 genetic clusters showing moderate support for K = 2 genetic clusters (B) and low support for K = 4 epigenetic clusters (D).
Figure 3 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
Figure 3 PCoA of N.robustus and N.bivocatus utilizing genetic (A) and epigenetic (B) data. Plotted are the two most informative principal components calculated for the genetic and epigenetic loci datasets, as derived from the MS-AFLP fragment analysis. A. Genetic Euclidean distance with individuals grouped by species assignment. B. Epigenetic Euclidean distance with individuals grouped by species assignment. Group labels show the centroid of the points for each group. The long axis of the ellipse represents the direction of maximum dispersion and the short axis the direction of minimum dispersion.
Figure 2 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
Figure 2 Comparison of genome-wide methylation levels between species. Mann-Whitney U test; p<0.005 (**). Between-species significant variation is in total methylation (internal cytosine methylated and hemimethylated fragments).
TABLE 1 in New specimens of Helicops boitata (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini), with data on morphological variation and behavior
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> Meristic and morphometric variation for all known specimens of <i>Helicops boitata</i>. The asterisk (*) indicate the holotype.</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Specimen</b></th><th><b>Sex</b></th><th><b>Total length</b></th><th><b>Tail length</b></th><th><b>Dorsals</b></th><th><b>Ventrals</b></th><th><b>Subcaudals</b></th><th><b>Supralabials</b></th><th><b>Infralabials</b></th><th><b>Temporals</b></th><th><b>Maxillary teeth</b></th><th><b>Cloaca</b></th><th><b>Nasal</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><b>UFMT-R 11490*</b></th><td>Male</td><td>642</td><td>205</td><td>25/25/21</td><td>113</td><td>68</td><td>10/10</td><td>13/12</td><td>2+2+3 / 1+2+3</td><td>20+2</td><td>Entire</td><td>entire</td></tr><tr><th><b>UFMT-R 12504</b></th><td>Male</td><td>495</td><td>143</td><td>25/25/21</td><td>113</td><td>66</td><td>10/10</td><td>12/13</td><td>2+3+4 / 2+4+3</td><td>20+2</td><td>Divided</td><td>Semi-divided</td></tr><tr><th><b>UFMT-R 12505</b></th><td>Female</td><td>383</td><td>86</td><td>25/25/21</td><td>118</td><td>52</td><td>11/10</td><td>13/13</td><td>2+2+3 / 2+2+3</td><td>20+2</td><td>Divided</td><td>Semi-divided</td></tr><tr><th><b>UFMT-R 12506</b></th><td>Male</td><td>598</td><td>177</td><td>23/25/21</td><td>112</td><td>66</td><td>9/10</td><td>12/11</td><td>1+3+3 / 1+2+3</td><td>20+2</td><td>Divided</td><td>Semi-divided</td></tr><tr><th><b>UFMT-R 12520</b></th><td>Female</td><td>618</td><td>153</td><td>25/25/21</td><td>–</td><td>56</td><td>10/10</td><td>13/12</td><td>–</td><td>19+2</td><td>Divided</td><td>Semi-divided</td></tr><tr><th><b>UFMT-R 12521</b></th><td>Male</td><td>639</td><td>197</td><td>25/25/21</td><td>115</td><td>67</td><td>10/10</td><td>13/12</td><td>2+3+5 / 2+3+3</td><td>19+2</td><td>Entire</td><td>Semi-divided</td></tr></tbody></table>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.