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FIG. 1 in A new fossil rorqual (Mammalia, Cetacea, Balaenopteridae) from the Early Pliocene of the North Sea, with a review of the rorqual species described by Owen and Van Beneden

FIG. 1. — The estuary of the Schelde river at the Belgian-Dutch border. Late Miocene-mid Pliocene cetacean fossils have been trawled from three locations in the 1930s: A, De Wielingen, in front of Knokke; B, De Griete and De Braakman near Terneuzen; C, along the riverbank near Borsele and Ellewoudsdijk.

FIG. 14 in A new fossil rorqual (Mammalia, Cetacea, Balaenopteridae) from the Early Pliocene of the North Sea, with a review of the rorqual species described by Owen and Van Beneden

FIG. 14. — Description of measurements of the cranium of Diunatans luctoretemergo n. gen., n. sp.: A, dorsal view; B, left lateral view; C, ventral view. The numbers correpond to and illustrate the measurements in Appendix 3.

FIG. 6. — Diunatans luctoretemergo n. gen., n in A new fossil rorqual (Mammalia, Cetacea, Balaenopteridae) from the Early Pliocene of the North Sea, with a review of the rorqual species described by Owen and Van Beneden

FIG. 6. — Diunatans luctoretemergo n. gen., n. sp., paratype NHG 22347-a, b: A, ventral view, line drawing; B, ventral view, photograph; C, left lateral view, line drawing. Abbreviations: see p. 333, 334. Scale bars: A, B, 10 cm; C, 5 cm.

FIG. 13 in A new fossil rorqual (Mammalia, Cetacea, Balaenopteridae) from the Early Pliocene of the North Sea, with a review of the rorqual species described by Owen and Van Beneden

FIG. 13. — Phylogenetic relationship of Diunatans luctoretemergo n. gen., n. sp., most parsimonious tree. Tree length: 326 steps; consistency index (CI): 0.6963; retention index: 0.8361; homoplasy index: 0.3037; rescaled CI: 0.5822.

FIG. 9. — Diunatans luctoretemergo n. gen., n in A new fossil rorqual (Mammalia, Cetacea, Balaenopteridae) from the Early Pliocene of the North Sea, with a review of the rorqual species described by Owen and Van Beneden

FIG. 9. — Diunatans luctoretemergo n. gen., n sp., holotype NHG 22279-n, left tympanic: A, posterior view, photograph; B, dorsal view, photograph; C, posterior view, line drawing; D, lateral view, line drawing; E, dorsal view, line drawing; F, medial view, line drawing; G, anterior view, line drawing. Abbreviations: see p. 333, 334. Scale bars: 5 cm.

FIG. 28 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 28. — Pelycorhamphus pertortus Cope, 1895, right premaxillary sac fossa and base of the rostrum (USNM 13796, holotype), from the Miocene of the Chesapeake Group (east coast of the USA), dorsal view. Scale bar: 100 mm.

FIG. 30 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 30. — Line drawings of the skull of Aporotus recurvirostris du Bus, 1868 (IRSNB 3812-M.1887, holotype); A, dorsal view; B, right lateral view.

FIG. 25 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 25. — Diagram giving the ratio between maximum widths of left and right premaxillae at the level of the premaxillary sac fossae against the total width of the two premaxillae at that level (in mm), for specimens of fossil ziphiid taxa from the area of Antwerp: Aporotus dicyrtus du Bus, 1868, Choneziphius planirostris (Cuvier, 1823), Mesoplodon longirostris (Cuvier, 1823), Beneziphius brevirostris n. gen., n. sp., and Ziphirostrum marginatum du Bus, 1868.

FIG. 23. — A in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 23. — A, skull of Beneziphius brevirostris n. gen., n. sp. (IRSNB ED002-M.1885, holotype) in right lateral view; B, line drawing. Scale bar: A, 100 mm.

FIG. 31 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 31. — Skull of Aporotus dicyrtus du Bus, 1868 (IRSNB 3808-M.541, holotype); A, dorsal view; B, line drawing of the dorsal view; C, detail of the vertex in dorsal view; D, right lateral view; E, line drawing of the right lateral view. Scale bars: A, D, 100 mm; C, 50 mm.

FIG. 19 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 19. — Detail of the premaxillary sac fossae and the vertex of Choneziphius planirostris (Cuvier, 1823) (IRSNB 3775-M.1883) in anterodorsal view. Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 22 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 22. — Skull of Beneziphius brevirostris n. gen., n. sp. (IRSNB ED002-M.1885, holotype); A, dorsal view; B, line drawing of the dorsal view; C, detail of the vertex in dorsal view; D, detail of the prenarial basin in dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 100 mm; C, D, 50 mm.

FIG. 16 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 16. — Skull of Choneziphius planirostris (Cuvier, 1823) (IRSNB 3774-M.1881); A, dorsal view; B, right lateral view; C, left ventrolateral view; D, detail of the base of the rostrum in dorsal view. Scale bars: A-C, 100 mm; D, 50 mm.

FIG. 24 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 24. — Rostrum and premaxillary sac fossae of Beneziphius brevirostris n. gen., n. sp. (IRSNB 3782-M.1886) in dorsal view. Scale bar: 100 mm.

FIG. 14 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 14. — Rostrum of Ziphirostrum turniense du Bus, 1868 (IRSNB 3784-M.1880, paralectotype); A, dorsal view; B, right lateral view. Scale bar: 100 mm.

FIG. 17 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 17. — Line drawings of the skull of Choneziphius planirostris (Cuvier, 1823) (IRSNB 3774-M.1881); A, dorsal view; B, right lateral view.

FIG. 15 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 15. — Rostrum of Ziphirostrum recurvus (du Bus, 1868) n. comb. (IRSNB 3805-M.544, holotype); A, left lateral view; B, detail of the apex in dorsolateral view; C, line drawing of the apex in dorsolateral view, indicating the filling of the mesorostral groove by the dense vomer; D, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, D, 100 mm; B, C, 50 mm.

FIG. 12 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 12. — Symphyseal part of a mandible of Ziphiidae incertae sedis (IRSNB 3854-M.538) (Synostodon sp. sensu du Bus in Vanden Broeck 1874); A, dorsal view; B, left lateral view. Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 11 in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 11. — Fragment of rostrum of Ziphirostrum marginatum du Bus, 1868 (IRSNB 3827-M.1879) (Z. gracile sensu du Bus, 1868) in dorsal view. Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 10. — A in Systematics and phylogeny of the fossil beaked whales Ziphirostrum du Bus, 1868 and Choneziphius Duvernoy, 1851 (Mammalia, Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Neogene of Antwerp (North of Belgium)

FIG. 10. — A, rostrum and right supraorbital process of Ziphirostrum marginatum du Bus, 1868 (IRSNB 3783-M.1878, holotype) in dorsal view; B, line drawing of the base of the rostrum, showing the shallow prenarial basin between the thick maxillary strips. Scale bar: A, 100 mm.