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180 results for “Environmental Drivers”
Data from: Identifying demographic and environmental drivers of recruitment and population growth in a cavity nesting sea duck population
Traits with the greatest proportional effects on fitness are typically conserved (Stearns 1992), and traits with larger temporal variation frequently play a dominant role in population dynamics (Cooch et al. 2001). We examined recruitment patterns and population growth in Common Goldeneyes (Bucephala clangula; hereafter goldeneye), using Pradel mark-recapture models from a long-term nest box study (1997-2010). Our objectives were to estimate recruitment (f) and population growth (λ) relative to recruitment origin group (in-situ or unknown), investigate environmental and density dependent effects on these parameters, and evaluate potential immigration patterns. We detected group-specific differences for f (in-situ: 0.47± 0.13 SE, unknown: 0.31 ± 0.04), and the proportion of boxes occupied by goldeneyes the year prior to recruitment had a significant negative effect on recruitment for the in-situ group (β = -1.04; 85% CI -1.29, -0.78), and a positive effect for the unknown group (β = 0.45; 85% CI 0.30, 0.61). The negative box occupancy effect in the year prior to recruitment, when in-situ yearling goldeneyes prospect for potential nest sites, suggests that local nesting densities may limit recruitment of locally hatched females. We identified two competitive models for λ, which averaged 1.04 ± 0.03 and included interactions between recruitment origin group and a linear temporal trend, and the proportion of ducklings marked two years prior. By evaluating all levels of marking effort on λ, we determined that even if all hatched ducklings were marked in a given year, the resulting in-situ λ was consistently lower than all observed population-level λs during the study, indicating that individuals produced outside of study area nest boxes contributed to λ. Though female goldeneyes are considered highly philopatric, our results suggest that female natal and breeding dispersal may be more prevalent than previously thought, and the spatial scale at which these processes occur requires further investigation.
Environmental drivers of annual population fluctuations in a trans-Saharan insect migrant
<p>Many latitudinal insect migrants, including agricultural pests, disease vectors and beneficial species, show huge fluctuations in the year-to-year abundance of spring immigrants reaching temperate zones. It is widely believed that this variation is driven by climatic conditions in the winter-breeding regions, but evidence is lacking. We identified the environmental drivers of the annual population dynamics of a cosmopolitan migrant butterfly (the painted lady Vanessa cardui), using a combination of long-term monitoring, climate and atmospheric data within the western part of its Afro-Palearctic migratory range. Our population models show that a combination of high winter NDVI (normalised difference vegetation index) in the Savannah/Sahel of sub-Saharan Africa, high spring NDVI in the Maghreb of North Africa, and frequent favourably-directed tailwinds during migration periods, are the three most important drivers of the size of the immigration to Western Europe, while our atmospheric trajectory simulations demonstrate regular opportunities for windborne trans-Saharan movements. The effects of sub-Saharan vegetative productivity and wind conditions confirm that painted lady populations either side of the Sahara are linked by regular mass migrations, making this the longest annual insect migration circuit so far known. Our results provide the first quantification of the environmental drivers of large annual population fluctuations of an insect migrant, and hold much promise for predicting invasions of migrant insect pests, disease vectors and beneficial species.</p>
Responses of marine diatom-dinoflagellate competition to multiple environmental drivers: abundance, elemental and biochemical aspects
<p>A key challenge in ecology and biogeochemistry is to quantitatively determine the effects of multiple environmental factors on the diatom-dinoflagellate community and the related changes in elemental and biochemical composition. Here, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the responses of a diatom-dinoflagellate community to the interactions between temperature, N and P concentrations and their ratios. In particular, we focus on quantitatively assessing the changes in elemental stoichiometry and lipid biomarkers associated with the shifts of community composition. The phytoplankton species used in the experiments were the diatom<em> Phaeodactylum tricornutum</em> and the dinoflagellate <em>Prorocentrum minimum</em>. Both monocultures and bicultures of the two species were exposed to a fully factorial combination of three temperatures (12, 18 and 24°C), three N:P supply ratios (molar ratios 10:1, 24:1 and 63:1) and three nutrient concentration levels in temperature-controlled cabinets. Algal cells were harvested at steady state in semi-continuous cultures. The following parameters were analyzed: Cell density, POC, PON, POP, FAs and sterols.</p>
Spatial phylogenetics of butterflies in relation to environmental drivers and angiosperm diversity across North America
<p>Broad-scale quantitative assessments of biodiversity and the factors shaping it remain particularly poorly explored in insects. Here, we undertook a spatial phylogenetic analysis of North American butterflies via assembly of a time-calibrated phylogeny of the region coupled with a unique, complete range assessment for ~75% of the known species. We utilized a suite of phylodiversity metrics and associated environmental data to test whether climate stability and temperature gradients have shaped North American butterfly phylogenetic diversity and endemism. We also undertook the first direct, quantitative comparisons of spatial phylogenetic patterns between butterflies and flowering plants in North America. We expected concordance between butterflies and angiosperms based on both shared historical environmental drivers and presumed strong butterfly-host plant specializations. We instead found that biodiversity patterns in butterflies are strikingly different from flowering plants in some regions of the continent. In particular, the warm desert regions of the southwestern United States and Mexico showed surprisingly high butterfly phylogenetic diversity and endemism, in contrast to much lower values for angiosperms. Butterflies did not show patterns of phylogenetic clustering as found in flowering plants, suggesting differences in habitat conservation between the two groups. Finally, we found weak relationships and spatially structured biases in relative branching timing between angiosperms and butterflies. These results suggest that shared biogeographic histories and trophic associations do not necessarily assure similar diversity outcomes. The work has applied value in conservation planning, documenting warm deserts as an important North American butterfly biodiversity hotspot.</p>
FIG. 3 in Disentangling Morphological and Environmental Drivers of Foraging Activity in an Invasive Diurnal Gecko, Phelsuma laticauda
FIG. 3. Relationship between sex and SM.Avg. Whiskers extend no further than ±1.5X interquartile range, with data beyond that plotted individually.
FIG. 6 in Disentangling Morphological and Environmental Drivers of Foraging Activity in an Invasive Diurnal Gecko, Phelsuma laticauda
FIG. 6. (A) Position of Phelsuma laticauda on lizard FM spectrum as determined by PTM. Based on the cutoffs determined by Huey and Pianka (1981), with PTM <10% = SW forager and PTM> 30% = AF, P. laticauda is a classic SW forager along with Crotaphytus collaris and Oligosoma grande (Eifler and Eifler, 1999; Cooper et al., 2001). FMs with PTM 10–25% represent intermediate FMs, such as the ''cruise foraging'' of Chameleo jacksonii (Hagey et al., 2010). Many lacertids and teiids, such as Nucras tessellata and Aspidocelis uniparens, lie on the upper end of the spectrum (Huey and Pianka, 1981; Cooper et al., 2001). (B) Position of P. laticauda on gecko FM spectrum as determined by PTM. Most SW geckos have a PTM <5%, such as Chondrodactylus turneri and Gonatodes ocellatus (Persuad et al., 2003; Cooper, 2007). The majority of other geckos have a PTM> 10% (many of which have been classified as AF even though none come close to the extremely high PTMs of many AF lizards outside of the Gekkota infraorder), such as Goniurosaurus orientalis and Coleonyx Ʋariegatus (Kingsbury, 1989; Werner et al., 2004). Within geckos, P. laticauda is a more active SW forager, verging on the intermediate values of species such as Teratoscincus scincus (Seligmann et al., 2007).
Diversity, seasonal abundance, and environmental drivers of chaetognath populations in North Inlet Estuary, South Carolina, USA
<p>Chaetognaths (Phylum: Chaetognatha) are one of the most abundant phyla of zooplankton worldwide and play an important role in marine trophic interactions. Although the role of chaetognaths in global ecosystems is well understood, the spatial variation and environmental drivers of estuarine chaetognath populations is poorly understood. To provide the first known record of chaetognath species composition in a coastal estuary in the south-eastern USA, chaetognaths were identified and quantified from zooplankton samples collected on a monthly basis in 2019 and 2020 from North Inlet Estuary in South Carolina. <em>Parasagitta tenuis </em>was the most abundant species of the five found, making up 33% of total abundance. The egg presence of these chaetognaths was further analyzed to gauge reproductive cycles. Abundance and egg presence were compared with surface and bottom measurements of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen levels to determine the driving abiotic factors behind chaetognath's seasonal variability and reproductive cycles. Temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen all had low (r < ± 0.29), non-significant correlations with abundance. Chaetognath egg production was most significantly associated with dissolved oxygen (p < 0.001) and seasonal changes in temperature (p < 0.001). Our initial findings indicate the continued abundance of chaetognath in a local estuary is dependent on abiotic factors that are strongly influenced by a changing climate. </p>
Space use of invertebrates in terrestrial habitats: phylogenetic, functional and environmental drivers of interspecific variations
<p>We present the first global database of movement patterns of terrestrial invertebrates, focusing on active dispersal and foraging movements.</p>
Spatial phylogenetics of butterflies in relation to environmental drivers and angiosperm diversity across North America
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Fern communities in lowland tropical forests of Brunei Darussalam, Borneo: diversity, indicator species, and environmental drivers across forest types
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Data from: Environmental and demographic drivers of male mating success vary across sequential reproductive episodes in a polygynous breeder
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Diversity, seasonal abundance, and environmental drivers of chaetognath populations in North Inlet Estuary, South Carolina, USA
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Plant density from Environmental drivers of femaleness of an inter-Andean monoecious shrub
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Map of the proportion of threatened endemic species per country in relation with environmental and socioeconomic drivers
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Data from: Disentangling biotic interactions, environmental filters, and dispersal limitation as drivers of species co-occurrence
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Data from: Environmental selection is a main driver of divergence in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Romania and Bulgaria
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Data from: Identifying demographic and environmental drivers of recruitment and population growth in a cavity nesting sea duck population
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Data from: Disentangling the effects of multiple environmental drivers on population changes within communities
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Data from: Environmental drivers of crocodyliform extinction across the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition
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Data from: Differential drivers of benthic foraminiferal and molluscan community composition from a multivariate record of Early Miocene environmental change
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.