Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
865
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
865 results for “Germination”
Data from: Response to joint selection on germination and flowering phenology depends on the direction of selection
Background and Aims. Flowering and germination time are components of phenology, a complex phenotype that incorporates a number of traits. In natural populations, selection is likely to occur on multiple components of phenology at once. However, we have little knowledge of how joint selection on several phenological traits influences evolutionary response. Methods. We conducted one generation of artificial selection for all combinations of early and late germination and flowering on replicated lines within two independent base populations in the herb Campanula americana. We then measured response to selection and realized heritability for each trait. Results. Response to selection and heritability were greater for flowering time than germination time, indicating greater evolutionary potential of this trait. Selection for earlier phenology, both flowering and germination, did not depend on the direction of selection on the other trait. Whereas response to selection to delay germination and flowering was greater when selection on the other trait was in the opposite direction (e.g. early germination, late flowering), indicating a negative genetic correlation between the traits. Conclusions. The extent to which correlations shaped response to selection depended on the direction of selection. Therefore the genetic correlation between timing of germination and flowering varies across the trait distributions. The negative correlation between germination and flowering time found when selecting for delayed phenology follows theoretical predictions of constraint for traits that jointly determine life history schedule. Whereas the lack of constraint found when selecting for an accelerated phenology suggests a reduction of the covariance due to strong selection favoring earlier flowering and a shorter life cycle. This genetic architecture, in turn, will facilitate further evolution of the early phenology often favored in warming climates.
Data from: Influential neighbours: seeds of dominant species affect the germination of common grassland species
<p><b>Questions</b></p> <p>Germination is the prerequisite of successful establishment in plant communities and is influenced by many factors. Therefore, seeds are under strong selective pressure to sense and integrate information about their environment and modulate germination based on them. In this study, we focus on interspecific seed-seed interactions under optimal and sub-optimal conditions to test three hypotheses: (H1) Dominant species' seeds and emerging seedlings are most likely to be recognized and insert significant effect on the germination of common subordinate species; (H2) Taxonomically related species are expected to exert stronger influence than un-related species on the germination of neighbouring seeds; (H3) Facilitative interactions are more likely to occur under sub-optimal conditions (drought stress) in the seed-seed interactions.</p> <p><b>Location</b></p> <p>Semi-dry temperate grassland belonging to Festuco-Brometea class, Cluj-Napoca, Romania</p> <p><b>Methods</b></p> <p>We assessed the rate and speed of germination of three common subordinate Asteraceae species (target species) in a controlled germination experiment. <span>The target species' seeds were sown in combination with low and high densities of neighbour species: two dominant Poaceae species, two subordinate Asteraceae species and two subordinate Apiaceae species; under optimal or drought conditions.</span></p> <p><b>Results</b></p> <p>Under optimal water conditions, particularly the seeds of the two dominant Poaceae species affected the germination of target species. Under drought stress, almost all neighbouring species altered the germination of two of the target species, enhancing or reducing their germination rate. Facilitation in seed-seed interactions was proved to be species-specific rather than general under drought conditions.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>We found evidence that the status in a plant community (dominant or subordinate), but not the taxonomic relatedness influences the outcome of seed-seed interactions during germination. Under drought stress, the persistent competitive effect of the dominant species might considerably hinder the recruitment of subordinate grassland species.</p>
Fig. 2 in Immediate Allelopathic Effect Of Two Invasive Heracleum Species On Acceptor-Germination
Fig. 2. TPC accumulation in different plant parts of H. sosnovskyi and H. mantegazzianum.
Unraveling the effects of cold stratification and temperature on the seed germination of invasive Spartina alterniflora across latitude
<p>Seed germination is critical to the life history of plants, playing an important role in the successful recruitment, colonization, and even invasion of new individuals within and outside population distribution ranges. Cold stratification and temperature are the key factors affecting seed germination traits. Studying how these two factors drive geographical variation in seed germination is essential to analyze and predict the geographical distribution range of alien plants in novel habitats. <em>Spartina alterniflora</em>, native to the United States, was introduced into China in 1979 and has spread over 20° of latitude along the eastern coast of China. Germination plays a crucial role in <em>S</em>. <em>alterniflora</em>'s large-scale invasion and diffusion across latitude. To evaluate the effects of cold stratification and temperature on seed germination of <em>S</em>. <em>alterniflora </em>across latitude, we collected seeds at seven locations across latitude in China. We exposed these provenances to cold stratification at 4°C (0, 1, 3, and 5 months) and germination temperature (5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C) treatments in growth chambers. Seed germination was observed for 98 days, and we calculated germination rate, germination index, and germination time. Results indicated that longer cold stratification significantly promoted germination rate and germination index, but decreased germination time. Similarly, higher germination temperature significantly promoted germination rate and germination index, but decreased germination time. Moreover, there were significant interactive effects on germination traits between cold stratification and temperature. Seed germination traits showed linear relationships with latitude, indicating that <em>S</em>. <em>alterniflora </em>seeds from different provenances germinated at different times and adopted different germination strategies. The stratification and temperature are the most important factors regulating the dormancy and germination seeds, so they can be important drivers of this variation along latitude. Under scenarios of warmer regional temperature, seeds at higher latitudes could germinate earlier and higher germination rate, which would favor a potential northern expansion of this invasive plant.</p>
Effects of inoculation concentration, photoperiod and temperature on growth, conidiation and conidial germination of Bionectria ochroleuca
<p>The short-term stock of <i>Bionectria ochroleuca ochroleuca</i> at 4°C was activated, sub-cultured, and grown at 25°C on PDA medium for 10 days to obtain a working culture. To determine the effect of temperature on fungal growth, the plates were incubated at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C under continuous darkness or an 8 h light/16 h dark regime for 10 days. To investigate the effect of photoperiod on fungal growth and reproduction, fungal cultures were incubated at 25°C with 0, 8, 16, and 24 h light exposure per day for 10 days. The cultures were exposed to full light induced by fluorescent lamps with 800–1200 lx. Mycelial growth was measured as the mean of two randomly selected orthogonal diameters of the colony on day 10 with a ruler. The colonies were in the shape of near-perfect circles, with differences between two diameters less than 1%. The conidia were then washed out using a spreader with 10 ml ddH<sub>2</sub>O. A spore suspension was transferred to sample tubes with a pipette and quantified using a hemacytometer. To investigate the effect of nutrients, temperature, and light on conidial germination, freshly grown conidia were collected 5 days post-inoculation from colonies grown on PDA. Conidia were washed off PDA with ddH<sub>2</sub>O using a spreader, and the spore suspension was adjusted to approximately 10<sup>7</sup> spores mL<sup>-1</sup> for the following tests. To test the impact of nutrient concentration on conidial germination, the conidia suspension was mixed with different concentrations of potato dextrose broth (PDB) to achieve a final nutrient concentration of 0, 0.1, 1, 2, and 5% and was then incubated at 25°C under continuous darkness. To determine the optimal temperature for conidial germination, conidia were incubated in 1% PDB at 4, 15, 20, 25, and 30°C under continuous darkness. To investigate the effect of light on conidial germination, conidia were cultured in 1% PDB at 25°C under continuous light or darkness. All assays had a final spore concentration of 5 × 10<sup>6 </sup>conidia/mL. All the above incubation treatments were performed by placing 25 mL of the freshly mixed spore-PDB/H<sub>2</sub>O suspension onto each slide and placing the slides in a Petri dish with a moistened filter paper. Conidial germination was examined under a light microscope (400×) 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 h after incubation. These assays were performed on three technical replicates, and five fields were examined for each slide. When over 85% of the conidia in the observation field on a slide germinated, measurements on that slide were terminated. A conidium was considered germinated when the germination tube exceeded one half of the largest dimension of the conidium. In order to confirm that inoculation concentration does not have strong influence on mycelial growth and conidiation, we inoculated the PDA plates with 0.5 μl spore suspension of two different concentrations (10<sup>5</sup> μl<sup>-1</sup> and 10<sup>4</sup> μl<sup>-1</sup>) and incubated them in 25 ℃ with full-time light or darkness for 10 days. We compared colony sizes and the number of conidia (log transformed) between the groups of different inoculation concentrations, separately for the full-light group and full-darkness group, and vice versa.</p>
Swida amomum seed germination
<p>Premise: Effective seed dispersal is essential in population dynamics of plant species. Swida amomum (Silky dogwood) exhibits a dispersal syndrome characteristic of autumn-ripening shrubs with fleshy fruits, where attached fruits are ingested and defecated by birds while fallen fruits are consumed by ground-foraging birds and mammals. </p> <p>Methods: We documented that fallen fruits of this shrub were consumed by two aquatic turtle species (Eastern painted turtle, Chrysemys picta and Red-eared slider, Trachemys scripta) and that their seeds were defecated. We compared germination success (percentage of seeds germinated) of defecated seeds, seeds collected from pond surface, and seeds removed from shrubs.</p> <p>Results: While four seed taxa were identified in fecal samples, seeds of S. amomum were the most frequent (93%) among samples and the most numerous (106 seeds) in any sample. Average proportion of fecal seeds germinated (85.99%) exceeded that of seeds from pond surface (82.76%) and from shrubs (60.24%), albeit the difference in germination success was insignificant. When analyzed using fecal samples from Painted turtles only, the difference in germination success between fecal seeds and those collected from pond or shrub became significant.</p> <p>Conclusions: Our findings represent the first report of S. amomum seeds being dispersed by turtle gut passage and suggest aquatic turtles could be an important part of a secondary seed dispersal process influencing woody plant community composition in temperate wetland ecosystems.</p>
Effects of warming temperatures on germination responses and trade-offs between seed traits in an alpine plant
<p>1. Climate warming may affect multiple aspects of plant life history, including important factors such as germination responses and the key trade-off between offspring size and number. As a case study to address these concepts, we used an alpine plant (waxy bluebell, <em>Wahlenbergia</em> <em>ceracea</em>; Campanulaceae) that shows plasticity to warming in seed traits and in which seed dormancy status regulates germination. We chose an alpine species because alpine environments are ecosystems particularly under threat by climate change.</p> <p>2. We conducted germination assays under cool and warm temperatures using seeds produced by individuals that were grown under historical (cooler) and future (warmer) temperature scenarios. We assessed the presence of a seed size vs number trade-off, and then examined the effects of seed number and size on germination percentage, the fractions of dormant and viable seeds, and germination velocity. Further, we examined whether warming during parental growth and during germination affected these relationships.</p> <p>3. We found evidence for a seed size vs number trade-off only under historical parental temperatures. Indeed, under future growth temperatures, parental plants produced fewer and smaller seeds and there was no evidence of a trade-off. However, the reductions in both seed traits under warming did not affect germination, despite correlations of seed size and number with germination traits. Warming increased germination, particularly of larger seeds, but overall it resulted in more than fourfold reductions in parental fitness.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Our study shows the importance of growth conditions when evaluating the seed size vs number trade-off. Stressful conditions, such as warmer temperatures, can restrain the ability of plants to reach optimal investment in reproduction, masking the trade-off. By analysing responses across the whole life cycle, we show here an overall detrimental effect of warming, highlighting the potential risk of climate change for <em>W</em>. <em>ceracea</em>, and, potentially, for alpine plant communities more widely. </p>
Dataset: Acorn weight as determinant of germination in red and white oaks: evidences from a common-garden greenhouse experiment
<p>This repository contains the files associated with the following article:</p> <p>Sánchez-Montes de Oca EJ, EI Badano, LE Silva-Alvarado, J Flores, F Barragán-Torres & JA Flores-Cano. Acorn weight as determinant of germination in red and white oaks: evidences from a common-garden greenhouse experiment. Annals of Forest Science, 75, article 12. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0693-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0693-y</a></p> <p>Both datasets are provided in Microsoft Excel format. The first dataset (2015 data-Relationships acorn fresh weight-germination) contains information about the phylogenetic section to which each oak species included in the study belong to, the fresh weights of acorns after they were soaked and their respective germination responses (100 acorns per oak species). These data were used to assess whether acorn weight influences germination across and within species. The second dataset (2017 data-Relationships acorn dry-fresh weights) also contains the phylogenetic section to which each oak species belongs to, indicating the dry biomass of acorns, their fresh weight after soaking, and their percent water content (100 acorns per oak species). These data were used to assess how dry biomass of acorns influences their fresh weight and percent water content after soaking.</p>
Seed dormancy types and germination response of 15 plant species in temperate montane peatlands
<p>Despite their crucial role in determining the fate of seeds, the type and breaking mode of seed dormancy in peatland plants in temperate Asia with a continental monsoon climate are rarely known. Fifteen common peatland plant species were used to test their seed germination response to various dormancy-breaking treatments, including dry storage (D), gibberellin acid soaking (GA), cold stratification (CS), warm followed cold stratification (WCS), GA soaking + cold stratification (GA+CS) and GA soaking + warm followed cold stratification (GA+WCS). Germination experiment, viability and imbibition test, and morphological observation of embryos were conducted. Of the 15 species, nine showed physiological dormancy (PD), with non-deep PD being the dominant type. Four species, <em>Angelica pubescens</em>, <em>Cicuta virosa</em>, <em>Iris laevigata </em>and<em> Iris setosa</em> exhibited morphological physiological dormancy. Two species, <em>Lycopus uniflorus</em> and<em> Spiraea salicifolia</em>, demonstrated non-dormancy of seeds. Overall, the effect hierarchy of dormancy-breaking is: CS > GA > WCS > GA+CS > D > GA+WCS. Principal component analysis demonstrated that seed traits, including embryo length: seed length ratio, seed size, and monocot/eudicot divergence, are more likely to influence seed dormancy than environmental factors. Our study suggests that nearly 90% of the tested peatland plant species in the Changbai Mountains demonstrated seed dormancy, and seed traits (e.g. embryo to seed ratio and seed size) and abiotic environmental factors (e.g. pH and temperature seasonality) are related to germination behavior, suggesting seed dormancy being a common adaptation strategy for the peatland plants in the temperate montane environment.</p>
Data from: Germination of 10 midland plant species from the eastern Mediterranean Basin: Effects of smoke, syringaldehyde, karrikinolide, and cyanohydrin
<p>The beneficial effects of smoke and its constituents, karrikinolide (KAR<sub>1</sub>) and cyanohydrin glyceronitrile, on the germination of Mediterranean lowland species are well-documented. However, very little is known about the role of these signals on the germination of plants at higher altitudes. In addition, lignin-derived chemicals, such as syringaldehyde (SAL), have recently been proposed as overlooked cues for smoke-induced germination. To address these gaps in the literature, we investigated the effects of smoke-water and SAL on the germination of 10 midland species growing on serpentine soils. We also sought to determine whether SAL interacts with KAR<sub>1</sub> and/or mandelonitrile (MAN, a cyanohydrin) to enhance seed germination. The results show that smoke-water significantly improved the germination of three species (<em>Barbarea duralii</em>, <em>Digitalis cariensis</em>, and <em>Turritis laxa</em>). SAL, on the other hand, had no positive effect on the germination of the 10 species tested. Furthermore, three smoke-sensitive species and <em>Verbascum cariense</em> responded to KAR<sub>1</sub> and/or MAN. Finally, SAL did not exert any synergistic effects on germination in interaction with KAR<sub>1</sub> and MAN. In conclusion, we provide evidence that smoke is an important germination cue also for Mediterranean midland species. Moreover, SAL did not play a role in stimulating germination in smoke-sensitive species, either independently or in combination with other smoke chemicals.</p>
Source ELISA data for the manuscript "Restrained expansion of the recall germinal center response as biomarker of protection for influenza vaccination in mice"
<p>This repository contains the source ELISA data for the manuscript "Restrained expansion of the recall germinal center response as biomarker of protection for influenza vaccination in mice" currently under review by PLOS ONE.</p> <p>It supports the following figures:</p> <p>Fig 4A: rHA ELISA data miniHA study.xlsx<br> Fig 4B: Competition ELISA data miniHA study.xlsx<br> S7 Fig: Competition ELISA data POC study.xlsx</p> <p> </p> <p>Files include Raw OD's per plate and reported values analysis. </p> <p> </p>
POST-FIRE-GERMINATIVE-RESPONSE,-FRUITS-AND-SEEDS-TRAITS-OF-SOME-SPECIES-OF-THE-TDF-IN-COLOMBIA
<p>In fire-prone ecosystems, certain plant species possess diaspores with morphological and physiological traits that enable them to persist and thrive following fire events. Postfire germination has been associated with various fruit and seed traits, including fruit lignification, seed size, seed weight and seed dormancy. However, the collective role and interactions of these traits in determining germination tolerance after wildfires remain unclear. We characterized ten key traits (fruit type and size (length and width), seed mass and size (length and width), dispersal mechanism, storage behavior, seed dormancy, and ecological guild) across eighteen species exhibiting three post-fire germination responses (tolerant, sensitive, and stimulated). Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between these traits. Our findings suggest practical implications for restoration and enrichment strategies in Colombian tropical dry forests by prioritizing species with protective fruits, dormant and orthodox seeds to increase the probability of sexual regeneration after fires, and to contribute to the functional diversity and resilience of these ecosystems.</p>
Table 2 in Germination and acclimatization of Melocactus sergipensis Taylor & Meiado
<p><b>Table 2.</b> <i>In vitro</i> germination and growth of the <i>M. sergipensis</i> seedlings 90 days after planting in a greenhouse. Values in the same column followed by different letters (A or B) are significantly different (p <0.05) from each other according to Tukey’s <i>post hoc</i> test.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Treatment</th><th>Germinatin rate (%)</th><th>Index germination velocity (IGV)</th><th>Survival (%)</th><th>Stem length (cm)</th><th>Stem Diameter (mm)</th><th>Radicle Length (cm)</th><th>Fresh weight (g)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>T0</th><td>86 A</td><td>0.59 A</td><td>100 A</td><td>0.77 A</td><td>5.10 A</td><td>1.18 A</td><td>0.12 B</td></tr><tr><th>T1</th><td>82 A</td><td>0.41 A</td><td>100 A</td><td>0.65 A</td><td>5.0 A</td><td>1.11 A</td><td>0.11 B</td></tr><tr><th>T2</th><td>92 A</td><td>0.46 A</td><td>100 A</td><td>0.71 A</td><td>5.0 A</td><td>1.48 A</td><td>0.16 A</td></tr></tbody></table><p>T0 = untreated seeds (control), T1 = seeds soaked in distilled water for 6 hours; T2 = seeds soaked in 2 mg L- <sup>1</sup> GA for 6 hours.</p><p><sub>3</sub></p>
Table 1 in Germination and acclimatization of Melocactus sergipensis Taylor & Meiado
<p><b>Table 1.</b> <i>In vitro</i> germination and development of <i>M. sergipensis</i> seedlings 90 days after inoculation.Values in the same column followed by different letters (A or B) are significantly different (p <0.05) from each other, based on Tukey’s <i>post hoc</i> test.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Treatment</th><th>Germination rate (%)</th><th>Index of germination velocity (IGV)</th><th>Survival (%)</th><th>Stem length (cm)</th><th>Stem diameter (mm)</th><th>Radicle length (cm)</th><th>Fresh weight (g)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>T0</th><td>10B</td><td>0.04 A</td><td>100 A</td><td>1.05 A</td><td>4.24 A</td><td>1.41 A</td><td>0.14 A</td></tr><tr><th>T1</th><td>30 AB</td><td>0.16 A</td><td>100 A</td><td>0.97 A</td><td>4.92 A</td><td>1.20 A</td><td>0.15 A</td></tr><tr><th>T2</th><td>38A</td><td>0.09 A</td><td>100 A</td><td>0.98 A</td><td>4.76 A</td><td>1.26 A</td><td>0.13 A</td></tr></tbody></table><p>T0 = untreated seeds (control); T1 = seeds soaked in distilled water for 6 hours; T2 = seeds soaked in 2 <sup>mgL-1</sup> GA</p><p>for 6 hours.</p>
Table 1 in Effect of the seed maturation stage and pre-germination treatments on emergence of Erythrina crista-galli L.
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Mean ± standard deviation for the ESI and MET variables. Equivalent letters mean that treatments do not differ statistically (one factor ANOVA, with Tukey test for multiple comparisons of means, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). TC – control; T1– sanded and soaked in water for 48 h; T2 – sanded and soaked in water for 24 h; T3 – soaked in water outside of heating at the initial temperature of 60 °C until reaching ambient temperature; T4 – only sanded; and T5 – immature seeds.</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Treatment</b></th><th><b>ESI</b></th><th><b>MET</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>TC</th><td>16.08 ± 8.52a</td><td>10.69 ± 4.66a</td></tr><tr><th>T1</th><td>10.45 ± 1.66ab</td><td>4.73 ± 1.06 b</td></tr><tr><th>T2</th><td>3.64 ± 1.42b</td><td>5.92 ± 1.50b</td></tr><tr><th>T3</th><td>13.18 ± 1.32a</td><td>10.96 ± 0.94a</td></tr><tr><th>T4</th><td>16.02 ± 3.96a</td><td>6.89 ± 1.21ab</td></tr><tr><th>T5</th><td>16.25 ± 2.15a</td><td>6.98 ± 0.26ab</td></tr></tbody></table><p>ESI = Emergence Speed Index; MET = Mean Emergence Time.</p>
Table 3 in Germination and acclimatization of Melocactus sergipensis Taylor & Meiado
<p><b>Table 3.</b> <i>Ex situ</i> growth of <i>M. sergipensis</i> seedlings in distinct substrates after 60 days of acclimatization. Values in the same column followed by different letters (A or B) are significantly different (p <0.05) from each other according to Tukey’s <i>post hoc</i> test.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Treatment</th><th>Survival (%)</th><th>Stem Length (cm)</th><th>Stem Diameter (mm)</th><th>Radicle Length (cm)</th><th>Fresh weight (g)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>T1</th><td>100 A</td><td>1.63 A</td><td>6.5 AB</td><td>0.80 A</td><td>0.30 AB</td></tr><tr><th>T2</th><td>96 A</td><td>1.71 A</td><td>7.2 A</td><td>0.96 A</td><td>0.41 A</td></tr><tr><th>T3</th><td>88 A</td><td>1.64 A</td><td>6.5 AB</td><td>0.51 A</td><td>0.34 AB</td></tr><tr><th>T4</th><td>92 A</td><td>1.50 A</td><td>5.8 B</td><td>0.74 A</td><td>0.29 B</td></tr></tbody></table><p>T1 = Caatinga soil; T2 = Atlantic Forest soil; T3 = humus; T4 = humus + washed sand (1:1 w/w).</p>
Pistil length and width, pollen diameter, pollen tube elongations, fruitset, seedset and germination rates in european invasive populations of Ludwigia grandiflora subsp. hexapetala in the two floral morphs
<p>Mating system influences local population genetic structure, effective size, offspring fitness and functional variation. Determining the respective importance of self- and cross-fertilization in hermaphroditic flowering plants is thus important to understand their ecology and evolution. The worldwide invasive species, <em>Ludwigia </em><em>grandiflora</em> subsp. <em>hexapetala </em>(<em>Lgh</em>) presents two floral morphs: one self-compatible short-styled morph (S-morph) and one self-incompatible long-styled morph (L-morph). Most invasive populations worldwide are only composed of self-incompatible L-morphs, which questions the importance of sexual reproduction during the invasion. In this study, we identified the mating systems of western European experimental and natural populations of <em>Lgh </em>by comparing structural characteristics of pollen and style, by studying self- and cross-pollen tube elongations and the viability of the resulting seeds and seedlings in both morphs. The dataset provides measures of pistil length and width; pollen diameter; pollen tube elongations along time after pollination; fruitset, seedset and germination rate in in situ monomorphic L-morph and S-morph populations of western europe invasive <em>Lgh</em>. These data support the manuscript "Late-acting self-incompatible system, preferential allogamy and delayed selfing in the heterostylous invasive populations of <em>Ludwigia grandiflora</em> subsp. <em>hexapetala</em>" by Luis O. Portillo Lemus, Marilyne Harang, Michel Bozec, Jacques Haury, Solenn Stoeckel and Dominique Barloy arguing for a mixed mating system in a European invasive populations of <em>Ludwigia grandiflora</em> subsp. <em>hexapetala.</em></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Many roads to success: Different combinations of life-history traits provide accurate germination timing in seasonally dry environments
Germination timing is determined by several plant life-history traits. Seed dormancy regulates the time and place of early plant development and spreads recruitment risks over time. Dispersal phenology and syndrome can influence germination timing and buffer spatial heterogeneity. The ecological requirements for germination (the germination niche) can also influence when and where germination takes place. To date, the relative importance of each of these four traits to ensure the phenological adaptation of individual species in diverse communities remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the functional interactions among them and their relevance in heterogenous, seasonally dry environments. We collected seed dispersal phenology and syndrome for 82 species of the Brazilian savanna (cerrado) and evaluated the dormancy and germination behavior of the seeds of every taxon. Based on these data, we developed two new ecological indexes to estimate the likelihood of a non-dormant seed to germinate upon dispersal (∆G) and the overall variability of germination through time (σT). We then evaluated the influence of each trait on germination timing within a phylogenetically controlled framework. Our results show that even though germination is concentrated at the beginning of the rainy season, seed dispersal takes place year-round. Non-dormant seeds released during the dry season were characterized by high ∆G values that delayed their germination until the onset of the favorable season. Simultaneously, seed dormancy and spatial dispersal (i.e., the two risk-reduction mechanisms) were negatively correlated as dormancy and high σT values were only prevalent in seeds with reduced spatial dispersal ability. We conclude that the timing of seed germination is ultimately the net outcome of adaptive interactions among life-history traits, which can result in multiple functionally equivalent phenotypes. It is possible that this might contribute to community diversity by providing opportunities for the coexistence of different species.
Warming during maternal generations delays offspring germination in native and nonnative species
<p>As environmental conditions shift due to global warming and other human-caused environmental changes, plastic responses in phenological traits like germination or flowering time may become increasingly important. While phenological plasticity is a common response to global warming, with many populations exhibiting earlier germination or flowering in warmer years, warming may also result in transgenerational plasticity, especially on early life stages. In other words, seeds produced by mothers inhabiting warmer environments may germinate faster (or slower) than seeds produced by mothers inhabiting ambient or cooler environments. Here, we use seeds collected from a field warming experiment to examine how germination and early growth differ in response to ambient vs. warmed (+3°C) temperatures experienced by both maternal and offspring generations. Because nonnative species are often more phenotypically plastic than native species and because a variety of life history traits and environmental factors affect the evolution of both within and transgenerational plasticity, we include multiple invasive and native plant species in our study. On average, warming experienced during maternal generations delayed germination by ~0.2 days/°C, although species varied in the magnitude of response. In contrast, warming during the offspring generation tended to advance germination by ~0.1 days/°C. Nonnative species demonstrated higher germination success than native species, but we detected no differences in germination timing between native and nonnative species or that native and nonnative species differed in either within- or transgenerational plasticity, although species (independent of native status) did exhibit differing degrees of within- and transgenerational plasticity in germination timing and early growth. This study suggests that temperatures experienced by maternal plants can influence their offspring's germination phenology, potentially even more so than temperatures experienced in the offspring's immediate environment.</p>
Data from: Volatile fatty acid concentration, soil pH and soil texture during anaerobic soil conditions affect germination of Athelia (Sclerotium) rolfsii sclerotia
<p>Anaerobic growth chamber trials were conducted to evaluate effects of VFA and VFA concentration, and interactions with soil pH and soil texture, on <i>A. rolfsii</i> sclerotia germination. In the first objective, sclerotia were exposed to 4, 8, or 16 mmol/kg soil of acetic or <i>n</i>-butyric acids in sandy soil; soil pH was buffered to 5, 6, or 7. In the second objective, sclerotia in sandy or sandy loam soil were exposed to 4 or 16 mmol VFA/kg soil at soil pH 5 or 6. VFAs are probable important factors in <i>A. rolfsii </i>suppression<i> </i>due to ASD treatment in many soil environments, and activity is dependent on VFA concentration, soil solution pH, and soil texture.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.