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163 results for “Localization Relations”
The relative influence of history, climate, topography and vegetation structure on local animal richness varies among taxa and spatial grains
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Local recruitment in Northern Flickers is related to environmental factors at multiple scales and provides reproductive benefits to yearling breeders settling close to home
<p>Natal dispersal and local recruitment are affected by factors both intrinsic and extrinsic to juveniles and may affect fitness. Understanding the relationship between dispersal and population density in birds has been hindered by a lack of long-term studies and a focus on resident species has neglected the role of weather operating at large spatial scales. I studied local recruitment and the reproductive consequences of natal dispersal distance within a population of Northern Flickers (<i>Colaptes auratus</i>), a migratory woodpecker. During a field study spanning 16 years in British Columbia, 8272 fledglings were banded and 138 males and 105 females recruited locally. Average annual local recruitment rate for males (3.36%) was greater than for females (2.55%) and propensity to recruit locally was positively correlated with an early hatch date and high body condition. Annual local recruitment was not associated with population density in the year of hatch but was positively correlated with population density in the year of settlement. Local recruitment was also positively correlated with warmer springs during migration consistent with the phenology hypothesis. Among local recruits, natal dispersal distance was independent of the presence of parents and so dispersal was not a behavior to prevent inbreeding. However, settling closer to the natal site led to reproductive benefits in terms of earlier laying dates and better nest success. Therefore, juveniles may gain useful information about the location of nesting substrates, predation risk, and patchy food resources by exploring the landscape around their natal site during the post-fledging period and then settling in the familiar area after returning from migration.</p>
Data from: The effect of promoting current local research activities on large monitors on the population's interest in health-related research – a randomized controlled trial
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were threefold: to estimate people's interest in health-related research, to understand to what extent people appreciate being actively informed about current local health-related research and to investigate whether their interest can be influenced by advertising local current health-related research using large TV monitors. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial using a stepped wedge design. SETTING: The emergency department waiting room at two public hospitals in northern Queensland, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Waiting patients and their accompanying friends and relatives in the emergency department waiting room not requiring immediate medical attention. INTERVENTIONS: A TV monitor advertising local current health-related research. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratio for the effect of intervention on changing the interest in health-related research compared to a control group while adjusting for gender, age and socioeconomic standard. RESULTS: The intervention significantly increased the short-term interest in health-related research with an odds ratio of 1.3 (1.1-1.7, p=0.0063). We also noted that being female and being older was correlated to a higher interest in health-related research CONCLUSIONS: This study found that proactive information significantly increased the general populations' interest in health-related research. There are reasonable set up costs involved but the costs for maintaining the system were very low. Hence, it seems reasonable that research-active organizations should give much higher priority to this type of activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) with the registration number ACTRN12617001085369
Data from: The relative power of genome scans to detect local adaptation depends on sampling design and statistical method
Although genome scans have become a popular approach towards understanding the genetic basis of local adaptation, the field still does not have a firm grasp on how sampling design and demographic history affect the performance of genome scans on complex landscapes. To explore these issues, we compared 20 different sampling designs in equilibrium (i.e. island model and isolation by distance) and nonequilibrium (i.e. range expansion from one or two refugia) demographic histories in spatially heterogeneous environments. We simulated spatially complex landscapes, which allowed us to exploit local maxima and minima in the environment in 'pair' and 'transect' sampling strategies. We compared FST outlier and genetic–environment association (GEA) methods for each of two approaches that control for population structure: with a covariance matrix or with latent factors. We show that while the relative power of two methods in the same category (FST or GEA) depended largely on the number of individuals sampled, overall GEA tests had higher power in the island model and FST had higher power under isolation by distance. In the refugia models, however, these methods varied in their power to detect local adaptation at weakly selected loci. At weakly selected loci, paired sampling designs had equal or higher power than transect or random designs to detect local adaptation. Our results can inform sampling designs for studies of local adaptation and have important implications for the interpretation of genome scans based on landscape data.
Data from: Quantifying the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to local adaptation
During local adaptation with gene flow, some regions of the genome are inherently more responsive to selection than others. Recent theory predicts that X-linked genes should disproportionately contribute to local adaptation relative to other genomic regions, yet this prediction remains to be tested. We carried out a multi-generation crossing scheme, using two cline-end populations of Drosophila melanogaster, to estimate the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes and mitochondrial genome to adaptive divergence in four traits involved in local adaptation (wing size, and resistance to heat, desiccation, and starvation stresses). We found that the mitochondrial genome and autosomes contributed significantly to clinal divergence in three of the four traits. In contrast, the X made no significant contribution to divergence in these traits. Given the small size of the mitochondrial genome, our results indicate that it plays a surprisingly large role in clinal adaptation. In contrast, the X, which represents roughly 20% of the Drosophila genome, contributes negligibly – a pattern that conflicts with theoretical predictions. These patterns reinforce recent work implying a central role of mitochondria in climatic adaptation, and suggest that different genomic regions may play fundamentally different roles in processes of divergence with gene flow.
Data from: Relative performance of non-local cultivars and local, wild populations of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in competition experiments
The possibility of increased invasiveness in cultivated varieties of native perennial species is a question of interest in biofuel risk assessment. Competitive success is a key factor in the fitness and invasive potential of perennial plants, and thus the large-scale release of high-yielding biomass cultivars warrants empirical comparisons with local conspecifics in the presence of competitors. We evaluated the performance of non-local cultivars and local wild biotypes of the tallgrass species Panicum virgatum L. (switchgrass) in competition experiments during two growing seasons in Ohio and Iowa. At each location, we measured growth and reproductive traits (plant height, tiller number, flowering time, aboveground biomass, and seed production) of four non-locally sourced cultivars and two locally collected wild biotypes. Plants were grown in common garden experiments under three types of competition, referred to as none, moderate (with Schizachyrium scoparium), and high (with Bromus inermis). In both states, the two "lowland" cultivars grew taller, flowered later, and produced between 2x and 7.5x more biomass and between 3x and 34x more seeds per plant than local wild biotypes, while the other two cultivars were comparable to wild biotypes in these traits. Competition did not affect relative differences among biotypes, with the exception of shoot number, which was more similar among biotypes under high competition. Insights into functional differences between cultivars and wild biotypes are crucial for developing biomass crops while mitigating the potential for invasiveness. Here, two of the four cultivars generally performed better than wild biotypes, indicating that these biotypes may pose more of a risk in terms of their ability to establish vigorous feral populations in new regions outside of their area of origin. Our results support an ongoing assessment of switchgrass cultivars developed for large-scale planting for biofuels.
Supplemental material for Towards Better Localization of Predicate-Related Faults in SBFL
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Text-fig. 2. Caryanthus sp., no. F03286, locality Zliv-Řídká Blana A – Inflorescence, three bisexual flowers / fruits, central flower inserted slightly higher than the two lateral ones, scale bar 0.5 mm; B – Lateral flowers arranged at an angle of about 45˚ relative to each other, hp. – hypanthium with grooves, scale bar 0.5 mm; C – Epidermal cells of hypanthium, scale bar 0.1 mm; D – Detail of epidermal cells, scale bar 50 µm; E – Lateral flower, basal parts of six filaments and basal parts of two anthers styles, f – filaments, s – styles, scale bar 0.3 mm; F – Central flower, scale bar 0.3 mm; G – Stoma, scale bar 30 µm. in A New Record Of The Genus Caryanthus From The Cretaceous Of South Bohemia (Czech Republic)
Text-fig. 2. Caryanthus sp., no. F03286, locality Zliv-Řídká Blana A – Inflorescence, three bisexual flowers / fruits, central flower inserted slightly higher than the two lateral ones, scale bar 0.5 mm; B – Lateral flowers arranged at an angle of about 45˚ relative to each other, hp. – hypanthium with grooves, scale bar 0.5 mm; C – Epidermal cells of hypanthium, scale bar 0.1 mm; D – Detail of epidermal cells, scale bar 50 µm; E – Lateral flower, basal parts of six filaments and basal parts of two anthers styles, f – filaments, s – styles, scale bar 0.3 mm; F – Central flower, scale bar 0.3 mm; G – Stoma, scale bar 30 µm.
FIG. 5 in New material of Eocene Helaletidae (Perissodactyla, Tapiroidea) from the Irdin Manha Formation of the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China and comments on Related Localities of the Huheboerhe Area
FIG. 5. Occlusal view of lower cheek teeth of Paracolodon fissus and Desmatotherium mongoliense. A−B, P. fissus; A, left p2−m3 (IVPP V 22640); B, left p2−m3 (AMNH FM 81802); C−D, D. mongoliense; C, left p3−p4 (AMNH FM 81718, reversed); D, left p3−m3 (AMNH FM 20155, reversed).
Cognitive AED Outcomes in Pediatric Localization Related Epilepsy (COPE)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01891890. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Pain Related to Local Anesthetic Administration for Nexplanon Placement
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07008222. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 4.
Connective Tissue Dry Needling for Low Back Pain Related to Local Posterior Superior Iliac Spine Pain
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07345871. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 15.
Non-Invasive Seizure Localization in Patients With Medically Refractory Localization Related Epilepsy: Synchronized MEG-EEG Recordings
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00071305. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Data from: The effect of promoting current local research activities on large monitors on the population’s interest in health-related research – a randomized controlled trial
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Relative performance of non-local cultivars and local, wild populations of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in competition experiments
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Local recruitment in Northern Flickers is related to environmental factors at multiple scales and provides reproductive benefits to yearling breeders settling close to home
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Data from: The relative power of genome scans to detect local adaptation depends on sampling design and statistical method
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Data from: Quantifying the relative contributions of the X chromosome, autosomes, and mitochondrial genome to local adaptation
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Data from: Association of genetic and climatic variability in giant sequoia, Sequoiadendron giganteum, reveals signatures of local adaptation along moisture-related gradients
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Conventional DC1 (cDC1) are Strongly Enriched, Quiescent and Relatively Tolerogenic in Local Inflammatory Arthritis
GEO Series GSE220264. Homo sapiens. 25 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.