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1,268 results for “Melastomataceae”
Fig. 7. – A. Memecylon oblanceolatum R.D in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 7. – A. Memecylon oblanceolatum R.D. Stone, open flower and floral buds. B. Memecylon reductum R.D. Stone, habit and fruiting branchlets. [Photos: A: G. Schatz; B: R. Randrianaivo]
Fig. 6. – Memecylon oblanceolatum R.D. Stone. A in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 6. – Memecylon oblanceolatum R.D. Stone. A. Flowering branch; B–F. Leaves; G. Inflorescence with floral bud; H. Open flower; I. Petal; J. Stamen; K. Fruit. [A, E, G–J: Service Forestier 24506, P; B –D, F: Service Forestier 24494, P; K: Ratovoson et al. 1225, CAS] [Drawing: S. Burrows]
Fig. 5. – Memecylon minutifolium R.D. Stone. A in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 5. – Memecylon minutifolium R.D. Stone. A. Flowering branch; B. Section of branchlet and node with pair of leaves; C. Inflorescence with floral bud; D. Anther; E. Fruit. [A, C, D: Ranirison et al. 308, CAS; B, E: Ratovoson et al. 1078, MO] [Drawing: S. Burrows]
Fig. 4. – Memecylon leptophyllum R.D. Stone. A. Unusual 5 in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 4. – Memecylon leptophyllum R.D. Stone. A. Unusual 5-merous flower; B. Normal 4-merous flowers. [Photos: L. Nusbaumer]
Fig. 3. – Memecylon leptophyllum R.D. Stone. A in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 3. – Memecylon leptophyllum R.D. Stone. A. Flowering branch; B. Leaves; C. Floral bud; D. Open flower; E. Petal; F. Stamen. [A–F: Nusbaumer & Ranirison 1502, CAS] [Drawing: S. Burrows]
Fig. 2. – Memecylon angustatum R.D. Stone. A in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 2. – Memecylon angustatum R.D. Stone. A. Flowering branch; B. Leaves; C. Inflorescence and floral buds; D. Open flower; E. Petal; F. Stamen; G. Fruit. [A, C–F: Rabevohitra et al. 4549, CAS, P; B: Stone et al. 2669, CAS; G: Rabehevitra et al. 971, CAS] [Drawing: S. Burrows]
Fig. 1. – Memecylon ambilobense R.D. Stone. A in Revised treatment of Memecylon section Buxifolia (Melastomataceae) in Madagascar
Fig. 1. – Memecylon ambilobense R.D. Stone. A. Fruiting branch; B. Leaves; C. Inflorescence and floral buds; D. Petal; E. Stamen; F. Fruit. [A, B: Stone et al. 2637, CAS; C–E: Rakotonandrasana et al. 1070, MO; F: Perrier 18761, P] [Drawing: S. Burrows]
Using geometric morphometrics to determine the 'fittest' floral shape: a case study in large-flowered buzz-pollinated Melastomataceae
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>PREMISE</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Floral shape, i.e. the relative arrangement and position of floral organs, is critical in mediating fit with pollinators and maximizing conspecific pollen transfer. This seems particularly true for functionally specialized systems. To date, however, few studies have attempted to quantify flowers as the inherently three-dimensional structures that they are, and determine the effect of<span> </span><span><span>intraspecific</span> </span>shape variation on pollen transfer. We here address this research gap using a functionally specialized system, buzz pollination, where bees extract pollen through vibrations, as a model. Our study species, <em>Meriania hernandoi</em> (Melastomataceae), undergoes a natural floral shape change from pseudo-campanulate corollas with more actinomorphically-arranged stamens (first day) to open corollas with more zygomorphic stamens (second day) over anthesis, providing a natural experiment to test how variation in floral shape affects male and female fitness.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>METHODS</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>In one population of <em>M. hernandoi</em>, we bagged 51 pre-anthetic flowers and exposed half of them to bee pollinators when they were in either st<span>age of their shape transition. We then collected flowers, obtained 3D flower models through X-ray Computed Tomography for 3D geometric morphometrics, and counted the amount of pollen grains remaining per stamen (male fitness) and stigmatic pollen loads (female fitness). </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>KEY RESULTS</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We found significantly higher male fitness in open flowers with zygomorphic androecia than in pseudo-campanulate flowers. Female fitness did not differ among floral shapes. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CONCLUSIONS</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>These results suggest that there is an 'optimal' shape for male fitness, while the movement of bees around the flower when buzzing the spread-out stamens results in sufficient pollen deposition regardless of floral shape.</span></p>
Fig. 2 in Merianthera calyptrata sp. nov. (Melastomataceae, Myrtales), a new candelabriform species from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Fig. 2. Field photographs of Merianthera calyptrata R.Goldenb., Bochorny & Fraga sp. nov. A. Fertile branch. B. Branch apex, longitudinal section showing the fistulose structure of the stem, with the chambers filled with parenchyma. C–E. Sequence of flower anthesis, showing the calyptrate calyx with its circumscissile dehiscence. F. Flowers, frontal view. G. Stamens and style, lateral view. H. Old flower, lateral view; this photo shows the single, ebracteolate flower and the absence of a peduncle. I. Mature fruit. From: Fraga & Couto 4144 (A–H), Amorim et al. 11854 (I). Photos by C.N. Fraga (A–H) and Y. Gouvea (I).
Fig. 1 in Merianthera calyptrata sp. nov. (Melastomataceae, Myrtales), a new candelabriform species from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Fig. 1. Illustration of Merianthera calyptrata R.Goldenb., Bochorny & Fraga sp. nov. A. Fertile branch. B. Detail of the branch showing leaf and flower scars plus two lenticels, each at one side of the leaf scar. C. Branch tip with leaves, flower buds, an open flower and a fruit. D. Flower opening sequence, from left to right: flower bud, with the calyptrate calyx still attached to the hypanthium; flower bud, with a circumscissile dehiscence, but the calyptra still holding the petals together; and young flower, with the calyptrate calyx falling from the petal tips. E. Petal, adaxial surface. F. Flower in longitudinal section (calyx, petals and stamens removed) with detail of trichomes at the base of style. G. Antesepalous stamens, from bud (left) and mature flower (right). H. Antepetalous stamens, from bud (right) and mature flower (left). I. Antepetalous stamen, detail of the pore. From Fraga & Couto 4144 (all drawings). Drawn by Diana Carneiro.
Fig. 4. Merianthera calyptrata R in Merianthera calyptrata sp. nov. (Melastomataceae, Myrtales), a new candelabriform species from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Fig. 4. Merianthera calyptrata R.Goldenb., Bochorny & Fraga sp. nov. in its habitat. A. Inselberg and granitic outcrops where the plant can be found. B. Vegetation cluster growing on a cleft, on a granitic outcrop, with M. calyptrata to the right and front, with flowers. C. Three individuals with spreading crowns, behind some Alcantarea (É.Morren ex Mez) Harms (Bromeliaceae). From Fraga & Couto 4144. Photos by C.N. Fraga.
Fig. 3. Merianthera calyptrata R in Merianthera calyptrata sp. nov. (Melastomataceae, Myrtales), a new candelabriform species from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Fig. 3. Merianthera calyptrata R.Goldenb., Bochorny & Fraga sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs of the abaxial surface of the leaf. A. General view. B. Detail of the dense vermiform trichomes (arrow) mixed with sessile glands (arrowhead). Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B = 100 µm. From A.M Amorim et al. 11854 (UPCB).
Fig. 5 in Merianthera calyptrata sp. nov. (Melastomataceae, Myrtales), a new candelabriform species from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Fig. 5. Distribution of Merianthera calyptrata R.Goldenb., Bochorny & Fraga sp. nov. and its closest relative, Merianthera burlemarxii Wurdack. BA = Bahia; ES = Espírito Santo; MG = Minas Gerais.
Data from: Effects of manakin gut passage on germination of a neotropical melastome shrub (Melastomataceae)
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Using geometric morphometrics to determine the ‘fittest’ floral shape: a case study in large-flowered buzz-pollinated Melastomataceae
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A two-tier bioinformatic pipeline to develop probes for target capture of nuclear loci with applications in Melastomataceae
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Fig. 3 in Memecylon pseudomegacarpum M.Hughes (Melastomataceae), a new species of tree from Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 3. The distribution of Memecylon pseudomegacarpum sp. nov.
Fig. 1 in Memecylon pseudomegacarpum M.Hughes (Melastomataceae), a new species of tree from Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 1. Image of a syntype of Memecylon megacarpum Furtado [Beccari 1833 (FI)].
Fig. 2 in Memecylon pseudomegacarpum M.Hughes (Melastomataceae), a new species of tree from Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 2. Image of an isotype of Memecylon pseudomegacarpum sp. nov. [Wilkie et al. FRI172079 (E)].
Data from: Lithobieae and Eriocnemeae: two new neotropical tribes of Melastomataceae
Lithobium is a monotypic genus in the Melastomataceae restricted to southeastern Brazil. Most previous students of the family have placed these diminutive herbs into the Microlicieae, but some classifications have assigned the genus to the Sonerileae or Bertolonieae. Eriocnema is also a monotypic genus that has been included in the Bertolonieae, Sonerileae, and also Microlicieae. Ochthephilus, yet another monotypic genus, was assigned to the Merianieae, but lack of fruits and seeds, and a paucity of collections, have made it difficult to correctly place in a phylogenetic context. In this phylogenetic analysis, 91 species representing 73 genera from across the Melastomataceae, including 24 of the 27 genera putatively closely related to Lithobium, Eriocnema, Ochthephilus, and Physeterostemon were sampled for seven molecular markers, i.e., the nuclear ribosomal external transcribed spacer region (ETS) and internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the plastid accD–psaI spacer region, ndhF, psbK–psbL, rbcL, and rpl16. Lithobium is on an isolated branch and is not a member of any other clade, thus a new tribe, Lithobieae, is proposed to accommodate it. In this analysis, Eriocnema and Ochthephilus form a clade including Physeterostemon that is sister to the Miconieae and separate from tribes that they have been associated with in historical classifications, thus another new tribe, Eriocnemeae, is proposed.
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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