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Fig. 26 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 26. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) type material. A. a. Lectotype. b. Labels of lectotype. c. Labels of paralectotype 3. B. The four localities where S. candezei type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower Tapajós region in 1852 (see discussion in the text). C. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the S. candezei type series (modified from Bidau 2014).

Fig. 19 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 19. Aedeagus morphological diversity in Sylvicanthon. A. S. securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov. B. S. obscurus (Schmidt, 1920). C. S. furvus (Schmidt, 1920). D. S. monnei sp. nov. E. S. mayri sp. nov.

Fig. 22 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 22. Distribution of Sylvicanthon enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. Note that the species occupies transition zones between the Amazonia, Cerrado, Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes, regions much dryer and more open than the humid forests occupied by the species of the candezei group.

Fig. 17 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 17. Aedeagus morphological diversity in Sylvicanthon. A. S. enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920). C. S. candezei (Harold, 1869) (arrows points to the ventral notch). D. S. genieri sp. nov. (idem). E. S. aequinoctialis (Harold, 1868). F. S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov.

Fig. 37 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 37. Sylvicanthon seag sp. nov. A. Dorsal view of a bicolour specimen (present only on the banks of the Amazon River and in the Brazilian state of Maranhão). B. Dorsal view of a bluish specimen. C. Dorsal view of a greenish specimen. D. Ventral view of a greenish specimen.

Fig. 31 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 31. Metafemora of the two species of the aequinoctialis subgroup. A. Sylvicanthon aequinoctialis (Harold, 1868) comb. nov. B. S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. Arrow indicates the basal end of the posterior margin of the ventral face of metafemora (note that it is longer in S. aequinoctialis comb. nov. than in S. proseni stat. et comb. nov. and may exceed the trochanter in the first species).

Fig. 12 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 12. Distribution map, face view, and lateral view of petiole of Rasopone JTL030 (worker, Panama, CASENT0633075), R. JTL037 (worker, Guatemala, CASENT0625283), R. mesoamericana (holotype worker), and R. JTL029 (worker, Panama, CASENT0633053). On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 13 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 13. Distribution map, face view, and lateral view of petiole of Rasopone cubitalis (holotype worker), R. titanis (worker, Mexico, Chiapas, MCZ-ENT00716640), R. breviscapa (holotype queen), and R. rupinicola (worker, Colombia, face view MCZ-ENT00716589, petiole CASENT0217567). On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 11 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 11. Distribution map, face view, and lateral view of petiole of Rasopone ferruginea (worker, Nicaragua, CASENT0644264), R. JTL040 (worker, Colombia, MCZ-ENT00716609), R. JTL041 (worker, Colombia, MCZ-ENT00716614), and R. costaricensis form a (worker, Costa Rica, INB0003659312). On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality (type locality for R. ferruginea is 'Mexico').

Fig. 8 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 8. Distribution map, face view, and lateral view of petiole of Rasopone lunaris (worker, Brazil, Minas Gerais CASENT0644556), R. guatemalensis (holotype worker), R. costaricensis form c (worker, Costa Rica, INB0003659307), and R. JTL027 (worker, Panama, CASENT0633216). On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 7 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 7. Distribution map, face view, and lateral view of petiole of Rasopone MAS010 (worker, Costa Rica, 08COSTA-1723), R. cryptergates (worker, Costa Rica, INB0003660648), R. JTL042 (worker, Colombia, MCZ-ENT00716611), and R. JTL034 (worker, Mexico, CASENT0640282). On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 2 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 2. Phylogeny of Rasopone, Mayaponera, and selected outgroup taxa, inferred using the program IQ-TREE and 1,802 UCE loci. Node support values (ultrafast bootstrap/SH-like) <100/100 are depicted with red dots. Terminal names show original, morphology-based species assignments and depict morphological convergence across clades. The 'EX#' code in terminal names indicate unique extraction codes that link specimens to specimen data in provided tables. Simopelta andersoni, a distant outgroup, is not shown in the figure. Images depict workers of Rasopone ferruginea (Nicaragua, CASENT0644264), Mayponera becculata (Peru, CASENT0374638, modified from AntWeb, credit Michele Esposito), and Mayaponera constricta (Bolivia, CASENT0249137, modified from AntWeb, credit Ryan Perry).

Fig. 1 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 1. Characteristics of Rasopone species. (A) Habitus. (B) Scale-like petiole, showing definitions of petiole height (PTH) and petiole length (PTL), and the distinctive shape of the sternite. (C) Petiolar node intermediate between scale-like and cuboidal. (D) Cuboidal petiolar node. (E) Anterior clypeal margin truncate, with angulate lateral lobes. (F) Anterior clypeal margin sinuous, with rounded lateral lobes.

Fig. 6 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 6. Distribution map, face view, and lateral view of petiole of Rasopone pluviselva (holotype worker), R. minuta (worker, Mexico, Chiapas, CASENT0609834), R. JTL043 (worker, Ecuador, MCZ-ENT00716620), and R. JTL048 (worker, French Guiana, CASENT0645961). On distribution maps, red dots are sites with UCE sequence data. Red boxes are type locality.

Fig. 4 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 4. Dealate queen of Rasopone ferruginea (Nicaragua, CASENT0624181). Scale bars are 0.5 mm for face view, 1.0 mm for dorsal and lateral views.

Fig. 5 in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 5. Male of Rasopone mesoamericana sp. nov. (Nicaragua, CASENT0627722). Scale bars are 0.5 mm for face view, 1.0 mm for dorsal and lateral views.

Fig. 3. Phylogenetic relationships among a in Phylogenomic Species Delimitation, Taxonomy, and 'Bird Guide' Identification for the Neotropical Ant Genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 3. Phylogenetic relationships among a curated set of COI barcode sequences for Rasopone. Black samples were sequenced for UCEs. Red samples were downloaded from the BOLD database.The tree was inferred using IQ-TREE with the data partitioned by codon position. Black circles on nodes indicate high support, which we define as ≥95% ultrafast bootstrap support and ≥95% SH-like branch support.Terminal names match taxonomic changes proposed in paper and provide useful sample identifiers (e.g., extraction codes [EX#] or BOLD process IDs).A complete, unpruned COI tree is available in Supp Fig. S1 (online only).

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Fig. 10 in Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ectophasiopsis Townsend, 1915 (Diptera: Tachinidae: Phasiinae)

Fig. 10. Ectophasiopsis ypiranga sp. nov., ♀, paratype, Brazil, Passos, DZUP. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, dorsal view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Abdomen, dorsal view. F. Wing, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

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Fig. 7 in Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ectophasiopsis Townsend, 1915 (Diptera: Tachinidae: Phasiinae)

Fig. 7. Ectophasiopsis gradata (Wiedemann, 1830) comb. nov., ♂, Uruguay, Montevidéu, ZMHU. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Head, dorsal view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Abdomen, dorsal view. F. Wing, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.