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Figure 12 in A non-aquatic otter (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Late Miocene (Vallesian, MN 10) of La Roma 2 (Alfambra, Teruel, Spain): systematics and functional anatomy

Figure 12. Selected phalanges of Teruelictis riparius from La Roma 2. A, B, RO-4564, proximal phalanx in (A) dorsal and (B) palmar/plantar views. C, D, RO-4601, middle phalanx in (C) dorsal and (D) palmar/plantar views. E, F, RO-4697, middle phalanx in (E) dorsal and (F) palmar/plantar views. G, H, RO-4615, proximal phalanx in (G) dorsal and (H) palmar/plantar views. I, J, RO-4518, distal phalanx in lateral views. K, L, RO-4520, proximal phalanx of the right pollex in (K) dorsal and (L) palmar views. M, N, RO-4767, distal phalanx in lateral views.

Figure 8 in A non-aquatic otter (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Late Miocene (Vallesian, MN 10) of La Roma 2 (Alfambra, Teruel, Spain): systematics and functional anatomy

Figure 8. Metacarpals (Mcs) of Teruelictis riparius from La Roma 2. A–C, RO-4741, left Mc II in (A) dorsal, (B) medial, and (C) lateral views. D–F, RO-4742, left Mc III in (D) dorsal, (E) medial, and (F) lateral views. G–I, RO-4773, left Mc IV in (G) dorsal, (H) medial, and (I) lateral views. J–L, RO-4774, left Mc V in (J) dorsal, (K) medial, and (L) lateral views.

Figure 13 in A non-aquatic otter (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Late Miocene (Vallesian, MN 10) of La Roma 2 (Alfambra, Teruel, Spain): systematics and functional anatomy

Figure 13. Comparison between the lower dentition of Teruelictis riparius and Paralutra jaegeri. A, B, detailed view of the right hemimandible RO-4744 of Teruelictis riparius from La Roma 2 showing lower fourth premolar (p4) and lower first molar (m1) in (A) occlusal and (B) buccal views. C, D, reversed view of a cast of the fragment of hemimandible of Par. jaegeri from Pellecahus described by Roman & Viret (1934), in (C) occlusal and (D) buccal views. E, F, reversed view of a cast of the specimen MHNL no. Lgr 1296 of Par. jaegeri from La Grive Saint-Alban (France) in (E) occlusal and (F) buccal views. G, H, SMNS 16813, right m1 of Par. jaegeri from Steinheim (Germany) in (G) occlusal and (H) buccal views.

Figure 16 in A non-aquatic otter (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Late Miocene (Vallesian, MN 10) of La Roma 2 (Alfambra, Teruel, Spain): systematics and functional anatomy

Figure 16. Comparison between right talii of Teruelictis riparius from La Roma 2 and extant Mustelidae shown at the same size, in (A–E) plantar and (F–J) dorsal views. A, F, Teruelictis riparius. B, G, Gulo gulo. C, H, Meles meles. D, I, Aonyx cinereus. E, J, Lutra lutra.

Figure 3 in The first genomic resource for the 'near threatened' Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora: Mustelidae): mitochondrial genome characterisation and insights into phylomitogenomic relationships in the family Mustelidae

Figure 3. An analysis of selective pressure in the protein coding genes (PCGs) of Lontra longicaudis indicates that the Ka/Ks value can show whether a gene is undergoing selection, and based on the magnitude of the value, what type of selection is taking place. Ka/Ks values <1 indicate purifying selection, whereas values equal to 1 indicate neutral selection. The Ka/Ks ratios (vertical axis) were calculated for each of the 13 PCGs (horizontal axis) by performing pairwise comparisons with L. lutra. Photo credit: John Tomsett.

Figure 6 in The first genomic resource for the 'near threatened' Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora: Mustelidae): mitochondrial genome characterisation and insights into phylomitogenomic relationships in the family Mustelidae

Figure 6. Phylomitogenomic analysis of Lontra longicaudis and related species in the family Mustelidae. Total-evidence phylogenetic tree obtained from ML analysis based on a concatenated alignment of amino acids of the 13 protein-coding genes present in the mitochondrial genome of representatives of the family Mustelidae. The branches are colour coded to represent their respective bootstrap values. Photo credit: John Tomsett.

Figure 2 in The first genomic resource for the 'near threatened' Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora: Mustelidae): mitochondrial genome characterisation and insights into phylomitogenomic relationships in the family Mustelidae

Figure 2. Codon usage analysis of PCGs in the mitochondrial genome of Lontra longicaudis. All 20 amino acids [adenine (A), cysteine (C), aspartic acid (D), glutamic acid (E), phenylalanine (F), glycine (G), histidine (H), isoleucine (I), lysine (K), leucine (L), methionine (M), asparagine (N), proline (P), glutamine (Q), arginine (R), serine (S), threonine (T), valine (V), tryptophan (W), tyrosine (Y)] are listed by their one-letter abbreviations along the horizontal axis. Each amino acid comprises several codons that are listed and colour coded below their respective amino acid. The length of the coloured regions indicates the frequency of the respective codon within that amino acid. The vertical axis represents the RSCU values for the amino acids.

Figure 5 in The first genomic resource for the 'near threatened' Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora: Mustelidae): mitochondrial genome characterisation and insights into phylomitogenomic relationships in the family Mustelidae

Figure 5. Characteristics of the domains found in the D-Loop/CR of the Lontra longicaudis mitochondrial genome. Top: Features observed in all three well-conserved domains. Centre: Secondary structure of long tandem repeat observed in the CSB region, between CSB1 and CSB2. Bottom: D-Loop/CR sequence in which the different features have been highlighted with different colours.

Figure 1 in The first genomic resource for the 'near threatened' Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora: Mustelidae): mitochondrial genome characterisation and insights into phylomitogenomic relationships in the family Mustelidae

Figure 1. Circular DNA mitochondrial genome map of Lontra longicaudis. The annotated map depicts 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rrnS: 12S ribosomal RNA and rrnL: 16S ribosomal RNA), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and the putative control region. Photo credit: John Tomsett.

Figure 4 in The first genomic resource for the 'near threatened' Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora: Mustelidae): mitochondrial genome characterisation and insights into phylomitogenomic relationships in the family Mustelidae

Figure 4. tRNAs in the mitochondrial genome of Lontra longicaudis usually display 'cloverleaf̍ secondary structures; however, in Serine 1 (tRNA-Ser(AGY) or trnS1), the DHU loop (3–4bp) was absent. The truncation of this tRNA is a conserved trait in metazoans.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

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Data for: Modelling the surprising recolonisation of an understudied aquatic mammal in a highly urbanised area: Fortune favored the Smooth-coated otter in Singapore

Ever-growing human activities present an active and continuing threat to many species throughout the world. Nevertheless, concerted conservation efforts in some regions have balanced these threats and allowed endangered species to recolonise former parts of their original ranges and reverse their decline. This is notably the case of the smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata). In 1998, individuals returned to Singapore after more than a 20-year absence. In 2017, 79 otters were counted throughout the heavily urbanized city. Despite this comeback, the future of the species in Singapore is unclear. By collating information on the species' life history traits, we implemented a spatially explicit individual-based model. The model demonstrated that successful establishment of Singapore's population from the initial immigrants was highly uncertain. In 43% of cases, stochastic extinction occurred. From the 9% of model replicates that closely reproduced the observed colonisation history, projections showed that the population would reach close to 200 individuals in 50 years. This study successfully demonstrates the use of individual-based modelling to simulate the inherently stochastic recolonisation dynamics of an endangered species and predict its longer-term future. We discuss emerging issues that may arise from increasing negative interactions between otters and humans and the general challenges associated with rewilding highly urbanized environments. We stress the importance of long-term monitoring surveys and education campaigns to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts. With species and natural habitats increasingly threatened by our ever-growing human expansion, understanding the factors that allow human-dominated landscapes to be compatible with biodiversity is of the utmost importance.