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129 results for “Salvelinus”
Data from: Stocking impacts the expression of candidate genes and physiological condition in introgressed brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations
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Data from: Striking phenotypic variation yet low genetic differentiation in sympatric lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
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Data from: Does egg carotenoid improve larval quality in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)?
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Data from: Genetic population structure and variation at phenology-related loci in anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)
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Data from: Size‐dependent stress response in juvenile Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) under prolonged predator conditioning
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Deciphering lifelong thermal niche using otolith δ18O thermometry within supplemented lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations
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Fig. 2 in Salmincola markewitschi (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) Parasitic on Whitespotted Char, Salvelinus leucomaenis, in a Mountain Stream of Honshu Island, Central Japan
Fig. 2. Collection localities of Salmincola markewitschi in the Russian Far East and Japan, East Asia (Inset map: Sakhalin Island). Localities 1–28 and 29–33 are in the Russian Far East (Shedko and Shedko 2002; Shedko 2005; Shedko et al. 2005a, b; Sokolov et al. 2012) and Japan (Shedko and Shedko 2002; Shedko et al. 2005b; this paper), respectively. 1, a river flowing into Bol'shoye Lake, Shumshu Island, northern Kuril Islands (type locality); 2, Raduga River, Azabach'e Lake, Neftebasovskoe Lake, Azabach'ya River, Kamchatka Peninsula; 3, lower reaches of Kamchatka River, Kamchatka Peninsula; 4, Yama River, Magadan Region; 5, Ola River, Magadan Region; 6, Taui River and Motyklei Bay, Magadan Region; 7, Bol'shoye Lake, Shantar Islands; 8, Samarga River, Primorye; 9, Edinka River, Primorye; 10, Nala River, Sakhalin Island; 11, Severnyi Bay, Sakhalin Island; 12, Monchigar Lake, Sakhalin Island; 13, Muzma River, Sakhalin Island; 14, Langry River, Sakhalin Island; 15, Chingai River (mouth), Sakhalin Island; 16, Odoptu Bay, Sakhalin Island; 17, Piltun Bay, Sakhalin Island; 18, Bol'shoy Goromai River, Sakhalin Island; 19, Val River, Sakhalin Island; 20, Tomi River, Sakhalin Island; 21, Bol'shaya Veni River, Sakhalin Island; 22, Uanga River, Sakhalin Island; 23, Pilvo River, Sakhalin Island; 24, Uglegorka River, Sakhalin Island; 25, Tunaycha Lake, Sakhalin Island; 26, Maloe Chibisanskoe Lake, Sakhalin Island; 27, Vavayskie Lakes, Sakhalin Island; 28, Aniva Bay, Sakhalin Island; 29, Pioneer River (lower reaches of "Rausu-gawa" in Japanese), Kuibyshev Bay ("Rubetsu-wan" in Japanese), Iturup Island, southern Kuril Islands; 30, Petrova River (a river flowing at "Chikappunai" in Japanese), Kunashir Island, southern Kuril Islands; 31, a nameless creek 17 km away from the southwest of Yuzhno-Krilsk to Golovnino ("Furukamappu" and "Tomari" in Japanese), Kunashir Island, southern Kuril Islands; 32, Shikotan Island, southern Kuril Islands; 33, hatchery at Koakasawa, Zako River and adjacent streams, Nagano Prefecture, Honshu Island.
Variation in parasite resistance of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, between and within sympatric morphs
<p>Genetic variation in resistance against parasite infections is a predominant feature in host-parasite systems. However, mechanisms maintaining genetic polymorphism in resistance in natural host populations are generally poorly known. We explored if differences in natural infection pressure between resource-based morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) has resulted in differentiation in resistance profiles. We experimentally exposed offspring of two morphs from Lake Þingvallavatn (Iceland), the pelagic planktivorous charr ('murta') and the large benthivorous charr ('kuðungableikja'), to their common parasite, eye fluke Diplostomum baeri, infecting the eye humour. We found that there were no differences in resistance between the morphs, but clear differences among families within each morph. Moreover, we found suggestive evidence of resistance of offspring within families being positively correlated with the parasite load of the father, but not with that of the mother. Our results suggest that the inherited basis of parasite resistance in this system is likely to be related to variation among host individuals within each morph rather than ecological factors driving divergent resistance profiles at morph level. Overall, this may have implications for evolution of resistance through processes such as sexual selection.</p>
Figure 1 in The brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) in the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago: a review
Figure 1. – Geography of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (SPM). A: Location of the SPM archipelago (France) relative to the coast of eastern Canada (box in the upper left). B: Main islands of SPM. Some water bodies mentioned in this review are shown (see the numbers in the legend).
Figure 2 in The brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) in the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago: a review
Figure 2. – Annual evolution of the number of fishing licenses issued from 1996 to 2021 by the two fishing associations of the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago: the AAPMA de Saint-Pierre-Langlade (in black) and the Association des Joyeux Pêcheurs de Miquelon (in grey). No data are available from 2011 to 2013.
Data from: Effective number of breeders, effective population size and their relationship with census size in an iteroparous species, Salvelinus fontinalis
Effective number of breeders, Nb, effective population size, Ne, iteroparity, small population size, brook trout, age at maturation Abstract: The relationship between the effective number of breeders (Nb) and the generational effective size (Ne) has rarely been examined empirically in species with overlapping generations and iteroparity. Based on a suite of 11 microsatellite markers we examine the relationship between Nb, Ne, and census population size (Nc) in 14 brook trout (Salvelinus fontanels) populations inhabiting 12 small streams in Nova Scotia and sampled at least twice between 2009 and 2015. Unbiased estimates of Nb obtained with individuals of a single cohort, adjusted on the basis of age at first maturation (α) and adult life span (AL) were from 1.66 to 0.24 times the average estimates of Ne obtained with random samples of individuals of mixed ages [i.e., N ̂(b(adj2))/〖mean(N ̂ (e(mixed ages)))]. In turn, these differences led to adjusted Ne estimates that were from nearly 5 to 0.7 times the estimates derived from mixed aged individuals. These differences translate into the same range of variation in the ratio of effective to census population size (N ̂_(e(adj2))N ̂_c) within populations. Adopting N ̂(e(adj2)) as the more precise and unbiased estimates, we found that these brook trout populations differ markedly in their effective to census population sizes (range ~0.3 to ~0.001). Using AgeNe we then show that the variance in reproductive success or reproductive skew varied among populations by a factor of 40 from a Vk/k≈5 to 200. These results suggest wide differences in population dynamics likely resulting from differences in productivity affecting the intensity of competition for access to mates or redds and thus, reproductive skew. Understanding the relationship between Ne, Nb and Nc and how these relate to population dynamics and fluctuations in population size are important for the design of robust conservation strategies in small populations with overlapping generations and iteroparity.
Data from: Using linkage maps as a tool to determine patterns of chromosome synteny in the genus Salvelinus
Next generation sequencing techniques have revolutionized the collection of genome and transcriptome data from non-model organisms. This manuscript details the application of restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to generate a marker dense genetic map for Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). The consensus map was constructed from three full-sib families totaling 176 F1 individuals. The map consisted of 42 linkage groups with a total female map size of 2502.5 cM, and a total male map size of 1863.8 cM. Synteny was confirmed with Atlantic salmon for 38 linkage groups, with Rainbow trout for 37 linkage groups, Arctic char for 36 linkage groups, and with a previously published Brook trout linkage map for 39 linkage groups. Comparative mapping confirmed the presence of eight metacentric and 34 acrocentric chromosomes in Brook trout. Six metacentric chromosomes seem to be conserved with Arctic char suggesting there have been at least two species specific fusion and fission events within the genus Salvelinus. In addition, the sex marker (sdY; sexually dimorphic on the Y chromosome) was mapped to Brook trout BC35, which is homologous with Atlantic salmon Ssa09qa, Rainbow trout Omy25, and Arctic char AC04q. Ultimately, this linkage map will be a useful resource for studies on the genome organization of Salvelinus, and facilitates comparisons of the Salvelinus genome with Salmo and Oncorhynchus.
Data from: Spawning behaviour of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): spawning synchrony, vibrational communication and mate guarding
A mismatch between male and female gamete release in external fertilizers can result in reduced or failed fertilization, sperm competition and reduced paternity. Here, spawning behaviour of free-living Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) was video recorded, and their reproductive behaviour was analysed. From evaluating 157 spawning events we observed that females mainly spawned with a guarding male and the female and the guarding male synchronized timing of gamete releaseunder sperm competition. Although sneakers spawned with higher synchrony than the guarding male in single male spawning events, the average sneaker released his milt 0.6 seconds after the spawning female under sperm competition. Approximately 50% of the recorded spawning events occurred under sperm competition, where each event included an average of 2.7 males. Additionally, sneakers were more exposed to sperm competition than guarding males. An influx of males, in close proximity to the female, occurred during the behavioural sequences leading up to egg release, but this influx seemed not dependent on egg release, suggesting that something else than gonadal product attracts sneaker males to the spawning female. Just before and during the actual release of gametes the spawning couple vibrates their bodies in close contact and it seems likely that vibrational communication between the spawning couple reveals time of gamete release to surrounding sneaker males. This might explain the relative high level of synchrony in gamete release between the female and the males from both reproductive tactics under sperm competition. Thus, vibrational communication between the guarding male and the female comes with the cost of higher detectability from surrounding males and may represent a "double-edged sword" for the guarding male.
A brain and a head for a different habitat: size variation in four morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) in a deep oligotrophic lake
<p>Adaptive radiation is the diversification of species to different ecological niches and has repeatedly occurred in different salmonid fish of postglacial lakes. In Lake Tinnsjøen, one of the largest and deepest lakes in Norway, the salmonid fish, Arctic charr (<i>Salvelinus alpinus </i>(L.)), has likely radiated within 9700 years after deglaciation into ecologically and genetically segregated Piscivore, Planktivore, Dwarf and Abyssal morphs in the pelagial, littoral, shallow-moderate profundal and deep-profundal habitats. We compared trait variation in the head shape, the eye and olfactory organs, as well as the volumes of five brain regions of these four Arctic charr morphs. We hypothesised that specific habitat characteristics have promoted divergent body, head and brain sizes related to utilized depth differing in environmental constraints (e.g. light, oxygen, pressure, temperature and food quality). The most important ecomorphological variables differentiating morphs were body length, habitat, optic tectum and eye area. The Abyssal morph living in the deepest areas of the lake had the smallest brain region volumes, head and eye size. Comparing the olfactory bulb with the optic tectum in size, it was larger in the Abyssal morph than in the Piscivore morph. The Piscivore and Planktivore morphs that use more illuminated habitats have the largest optic tectum volume, followed by the Dwarf. The observed differences in body size and sensory capacities in terms of vision and olfaction in shallow and deep-water morphs likely relates to foraging and mating habitats in Lake Tinnsjøen. Further seasonal and experimental studies of brain volume in polymorphic species are needed to test the role of plasticity and adaptive evolution behind the observed differences.</p>
A brain and a head for a different habitat: size variation in four morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) in a deep oligotrophic lake
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Environmental DNA detection of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) in Irish lakes: development and application of a species-specific molecular assay
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Data from: Linking transcriptomic and genomic variation to growth in brook charr hybrids (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill)
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Data from: Using linkage maps as a tool to determine patterns of chromosome synteny in the genus Salvelinus
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Data from: Spawning behaviour of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): spawning synchrony, vibrational communication and mate guarding
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Variation in parasite resistance of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, between and within sympatric morphs
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