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1,558 results for “Southern Africa”
Variation in herbivore space use: comparing two savanna ecosystems with different anthrax outbreak patterns in southern Africa
<p><span>Background</span></p> <p><span>The distribution of resources can affect animal range sizes, which in turn may alter infectious disease dynamics in heterogenous environments. The risk of pathogen exposure or the spatial extent of outbreaks may vary with host range size. This study examined the range sizes of herbivorous anthrax host species in two ecosystems and relationships between spatial movement behavior and patterns of disease outbreaks for a multi-host environmentally transmitted pathogen. </span></p> <p><span>Methods</span></p> <p><span>We examined range sizes for seven host species and the spatial extent of anthrax outbreaks in Etosha National Park, Namibia and</span><span> Kruger National Park, South Africa, where the main host species and outbreak sizes differ</span><span>. We evaluated host range sizes using the local convex hull method at different temporal scales, within-individual temporal range overlap, and relationships between ranging behavior and species contributions to anthrax cases in each park. We estimated the spatial extent of annual anthrax mortalities and evaluated whether the extent was correlated with case numbers of a given host species. </span></p> <p><span>Results</span></p> <p><span>Range size differences among species were not linearly related to anthrax case numbers. In Kruger t</span><span>he main host species </span><span>had small range sizes and high range overlap, which may heighten exposure when outbreaks occur within their ranges. However, different patterns were observed in Etosha, where the main host species had large range sizes and relatively little overlap. The spatial extent of anthrax mortalities was similar between parks but less variable in Etosha than Kruger. In Kruger outbreaks varied from small local clusters to large areas and the spatial extent correlated with case numbers and species affected. </span><span>Secondary host species contributed relatively few cases to outbreaks; however, for these species with large range sizes, case numbers positively correlated with outbreak extent.</span></p> <p><span>Conclusions</span></p> <p><span>Our results provide new information on the spatiotemporal structuring of ranging movements of anthrax host species in two ecosystems. The results linking anthrax dynamics to host space use are correlative, yet suggest that, though partial and proximate, host range size and overlap may be contributing factors in outbreak characteristics for environmentally transmitted pathogens. </span></p>
Figs 19, 20 in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 19, 20. Male hypopygia, lateral aspect: (19) G. nubilipennis sp. n., scale bar = 0.25 mm; (20) G. pretoriella sp. n., scale bar = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 7. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Fig. 7. G. capensis sp. n., female postabdomen, ventral (a) and lateral (b) views, and (c) spermatheca. Scale bar = 0.15 mm.
Fig. 10. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Fig. 10. G. maculiventris sp. n., female postabdomen, lateral (a) and ventral (b) views, and (c) spermatheca, enlarged. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
Figs 3, 4. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 3, 4. G. balteata sp. n.: (3) male hypopygium, lateral view, scale bar = 0.2 mm; (4) female postabdomen, ventral (a) and lateral (b) views, and (c) spermatheca, enlarged, scale bar = 0.15 mm.
Figs 14, 15. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 14, 15. G. megacephala sp. n.: (14) male hypopygium, lateral view; (15) head, lateral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 2 in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Fig. 2. Gymnochiromyia, posterior aspect of ep, semidiagrammatic, with setae omitted and cerci in outline: (a) gilva sp. n., (b) maraisi sp. n., (c) setulosa sp. n., (d) balteata sp. n., (e) maculiventris sp. n., (f) punctata Ebejer.
Figs 11, 12 in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 11, 12. Male hypopygia, lateral aspect: (11) G. malagasica sp. n., (12) G. maraisi sp. n. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Figs 17, 18. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 17, 18. G. milleri sp. n.: (17) male hypopygium, lateral view, scale bar = 0.25 mm; (18) female: ventral views of subanal plate (a) and st 8 (b), lateral views of subanal plate (c) and st 8 (d), and spermathecae (e), scale bar = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 16. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Fig. 16. G. megacephala sp. n., female postabdomen, ventral, with sap omitted (a) and lateral (b) views, and (c) spermatheca, enlarged. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 13. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Fig. 13. G. maraisi sp. n., female postabdomen, ventral (a) and lateral (b) views, and (c) spermatheca, enlarged. Scale bar = 0.15 mm.
Figs 21, 22. G in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 21, 22. G. punctata Ebejer: (21) male hypopygium, lateral view, scale bar = 0.25 mm; (22) female postabdomen, lateral view (a), st 8, ventral view (b), spermatheca (c), scale bar = 0.15 mm.
Figs 8, 9 in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 8, 9. Male hypopygia, lateral aspect: (8) G. gilva sp. n., (9) G. maculiventris sp. n. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Figs 23, 24 in New species of Gymnochiromyia Hendel, 1933 (Diptera: Schizophora: Chyromyidae) from Southern Africa
Figs 23, 24. Male hypopygia, lateral view: (23) G. setulosa sp. n., scale bar = 0.2 mm; (24) G. spinifera sp. n., scale bar = 0.3 mm.
Figs 7–10 in New species of plume moths of the genus Agdistis Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae: Agdistinae) from southern Africa. 6
Figs 7–10. Agdistis samknotti sp. n., adults and genitalia: (7, 9) holotype, male, BMNH 22733; (8,10) paratype, female, BMNH 22734.
Figs 11–14 in New species of plume moths of the genus Agdistis Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae: Agdistinae) from southern Africa. 6
Figs 11–14. Agdistis kaunda sp. n., adults and genitalia: (11, 13) holotype, male, BMNH 22730; (12, 14) paratype, female, CUK 69E8.
Figs 88–95 in Three new genera of tracheline sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 88–95. Poachelas striatus sp. n., male (88–91) and female (92–95): (88, 92) carapace, lateral view; (89, 93) eye region, anterior view; (90, 91) palp, ventral and retrolateral views; (94, 95) female epigyne, ventral and dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm in Figs 88, 92; 0.1 mm in Figs 89–91, 93–95.
Figs 59–66 in Three new genera of tracheline sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 59–66. Fuchibotulus bicornis sp. n., male (59–62) and female (63–66): (59, 63) carapace, lateral view; (60, 64) eye region, anterior view; (61, 62) palp, ventral and retrolateral views; (65, 66) female epigyne, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 1.0 mm in Figs 59, 63; 0.1 mm in Figs 60–62, 64–66.
Figs 56–58 in Three new genera of tracheline sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 56–58. Scanning electron micrographs of Fuchibotulus gen. n. males: (56, 57) F. bicornis sp. n., palpal tegulum and retrolateral tibial apophysis in ventral view; (58) F. kigelia sp. n., retrolateral tibial apophysis, dorsal view.
Figs 76–87 in Three new genera of tracheline sac spiders from southern Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 76–87. Scanning electron micrographs of Poachelas striatus sp. n.: (76) female, serrula; (77) female, patella, prolateral view; (78) male, leg I, indicating ventral spines (SP) and cusps (CU); (79) male, cusps on metatarsus I; (80) male, metatarsal cusp enlarged; (81) female, tibia I with plv spines missing and rlv spines present; (82) female, tibial spine base; (83) male, tarsal claw and claw tufts; (84) male, metatarsus IV preening comb; (85) male palp, ventral view; (86) male palpal RTA; (87) female, epigyne, ventral view.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.