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242 results for “Temperature change”
Data from: Water availability and temperature induce changes in oxidative status during pregnancy in a viviparous lizard
<ol> <li>Reproduction involves considerable reorganization in an organism's physiology that incurs potential toxicity for cells (e.g., oxidative stress) and decrease in fitness. This framework has been the cornerstone of the so-called 'oxidative cost of reproduction', a theory that remains controversial and relatively overlooked in non-model ectotherms.</li> <li>Here, we used two complementary approaches in natural and controlled conditions to test whether altered access to climate conditions (water and temperature resources) alters oxidative status and mediates reproductive trade-offs in viviparous populations of the common lizard (<i>Zootoca vivipara</i>).</li> <li>First, we examined whether access to free standing water and differences in ambient temperature across 12 natural populations could be related with variation in oxidative status, reproductive effort and reproductive success. Second, we determined whether an experimental restriction to water triggers higher oxidative cost of reproduction and correlates with fitness measures (reproductive success, future survival rate and probability of future reproduction).</li> <li>Pregnant females exhibited higher sensitivity than males to natural or experimental limitations in temperature and water access. That is, in restricted environments, pregnant females with higher reproductive effort exhibited stronger oxidative damage despite enhanced non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity.</li> <li>Enhanced antioxidant defensive capacity in pregnant females was positively correlated with higher reproductive success, whereas elevated oxidative damage negatively correlated with offspring annual survival. </li> <li>Altogether, our results revealed a context-dependent oxidative cost of reproduction that was concomitant with a conflict in water demand from offspring. These new insights should be critical for understanding ectotherm responses to heat waves and summer droughts that are increasing in frequency and duration.</li> </ol>
Data from: Mediating water temperature increases due to livestock and global change in high elevation meadow streams of the Golden Trout Wilderness
Rising temperatures due to climate change are pushing the thermal limits of many species, but how climate warming interacts with other anthropogenic disturbances such as land use remains poorly understood. To understand the interactive effects of climate warming and livestock grazing on water temperature in three high elevation meadow streams in the Golden Trout Wilderness, California, we measured riparian vegetation and monitored water temperature in three meadow streams between 2008 and 2013, including two "resting" meadows and one meadow that is partially grazed. All three meadows have been subject to grazing by cattle and sheep since the 1800s and their streams are home to the imperiled California golden trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita). In 1991, a livestock exclosure was constructed in one of the meadows (Mulkey), leaving a portion of stream ungrazed to minimize the negative effects of cattle. In 2001, cattle were removed completely from two other meadows (Big Whitney and Ramshaw), which have been in a "resting" state since that time. Inside the livestock exclosure in Mulkey, we found that riverbank vegetation was both larger and denser than outside the exclosure where cattle were present, resulting in more shaded waters and cooler maximal temperatures inside the exclosure. In addition, between meadows comparisons showed that water temperatures were cooler in the ungrazed meadows compared to the grazed area in the partially grazed meadow. Finally, we found that predicted temperatures under different global warming scenarios were likely to be higher in presence of livestock grazing. Our results highlight that land use can interact with climate change to worsen the local thermal conditions for taxa on the edge and that protecting riparian vegetation is likely to increase the resiliency of these ecosystems to climate change.
Fig. 2. Climogram showing average month temperature and rainfall from June 1996 in Aquatic Coleoptera In The Subtropical-Pampasic Ecotone (Argentina, Buenos Aires): Species Composition And Temporal Changes
Fig. 2. Climogram showing average month temperature and rainfall from June 1996 to July 1998 (Data from Estación Meteorológica La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata).
Data for: Recent changes in thermal niche position and breadth of bird assemblages in Spain in relation to increasing temperatures
<p><span><strong>Aim</strong>:</span> <span>Animal communities around the world are responding to climate change by altering their taxonomic composition, mainly through an increase in the colonisation rate of warm-dwelling species and the local extinction of cold-dwelling ones. We assessed whether the taxonomic composition of bird assemblages in peninsular Spain has changed in accordance with the recent increase in temperature. We also evaluated the role of species' thermal affinities and population dynamics in these changes.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location</strong>:</span><span> Peninsular Spain.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Taxon</strong>:</span><span> Birds.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>:</span> <span>We compared assemblages reported in the last Spanish breeding bird atlases (1998–2002 vs 2014–2019) in 10x10 km squares. We described species' thermal niches by overlaying global species breeding distributions and world temperature metrics (based on mean, minimum, maximum and range), and then aggregated them to obtain a set of community thermal indices for each assemblage (CTIs, and CTR for ranges). Long-term average temperatures and local current temperatures were related to changes in CTIs using spatial GLMMs, which considered habitat change. We identified the species most responsible for variation in assemblages and regressed species' influence on thermal affinities and population dynamics.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>CTIs increased with temperature and warm-dwelling species became more prevalent to the detriment of cold-dwelling ones. However, we found a counteracting effect of temperature and habitat. Cold-dwelling forest species were among the most influential species, mainly through colonisation, while warm-dwelling farmland species contributed through local extinctions (both attenuated local increases in CTI). The mean thermal breadth of assemblages (CTR) decreased with temperatures. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusions</strong>:</span><span> The taxonomic composition of bird assemblages shifted in line with the main expectations due to global change (</span><span>thermophilisation), mainly due to local colonisation of warm-dwelling species</span><span>, although it did not show the pattern of thermal homogenization suggested elsewhere. Our results add further evidence of the interplay between climate warming and land-use change in the ongoing adjustment of animal communities.</span></p>
Calibration data for Climate Change Tower temperature sensors - may 2017
<p>Calibration data for the temperature sensors hosted at Climate Change Tower in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, during May 2017. Each namefile contains the temperature point (e.g. m25 is -25 °C, while p5 is +5 °C) and the sensor type ("ref" for reference, "DUT" for Device under test).</p> <p>Reference files contain data for the 2 reference sensors employed, while DUT files contain data for the 4 CCT sensors.</p>
Modeling PCM Phase Change Temperature and Hysteresis in Ventilation Cooling and Heating Applications
<p>The dataset includes the published data in the article Modeling PCM Phase Change Temperature and Hysteresis in Ventilation Cooling and Heating Applications. For the details of the data description please refer to the paper.</p>
Data from Wilson et al.: Applying computer vision to digitised natural history collections for climate change research: temperature-size responses in British butterflies
<p>This dataset supports the publication: Wilson et al. "Applying computer vision to digitised natural history collections for climate change research: temperature-size responses in British butterflies". These are the data used for the data figures (Fig 3-6, SI Figs 1-2) and the supplementary information tables.</p>
Changes in temperature alter competitive interactions and overall structure of fig wasp communities
<p>1. Organisms exist within ecological networks, connected through interactions such as parasitism, predation and mutualism which can modify their abundance and distribution within habitat patches. Differential species responses make it hard to predict the influence of climate change at the community scale. Understanding the interplay between climate and biotic interactions can improve our predictions of how ecosystems will respond to current global warming.</p> <p>2. We aim to understand how climate affects the multi-trophic biotic interactions as well as the community structure using the enclosed communities of wasps associated with figs as a study system.</p> <p>3. To examine the presence and strength of multi-trophic species interactions, we first characterized the multi-trophic community of fig wasps associated with <em>Ficus racemosa</em> and then applied hierarchical joint species distribution models, fitted to community monitoring data. We further evaluated the effect of climate on individual species trends as well as inter-specific interactions.</p> <p>4. We found that the competitive balance shifted to favour non-pollinating galling wasps and disadvantage the dominant pollinator in sub-optimal conditions. Further, sub-optimal conditions for galling wasps facilitated the occurrence of their specialized parasitoid, as changes cascaded across trophic levels and led to alternative community structures. Our results highlight the role of how species interactions can be modified across multiple trophic levels in a fig wasp community according to climate.</p>
Sea-surface temperature anomalies mediate changes in fish richness and abundance in Western North Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico estuaries
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Aim: </span></strong><span>Anthropogenic-driven warming of marine systems has resulted in a series of biological and physiological responses that are fundamentally altering ecosystem structure. Because estuaries exist at the land-ocean interface, they are particularly vulnerable to the effects of ocean warming as they can undergo rapid biogeochemical and hydrological shifts due to climate and land-use change. We explored how fish diversity structures—turnover, richness and abundance—have changed in the western North Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico estuaries through space and time and the drivers of change. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Location:</strong> North Atlantic and Northern Gulf of Mexico</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Taxa</span></strong><span>: Fish</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><span> We found that species richness and abundance, turnover have increased in North Atlantic and northern Gulf of Mexico estuaries in the last 3 decades. These changes were mediated largely by sea-surface temperature anomalies, especially in more northern estuaries where warming has been relatively pronounced. </span><span>There is also an indication that urbanization, perhaps through habitat fragmentation and/or fisheries activities may be contributing to the increase in fish richness in many of these estuaries. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Main Conclusion: </span></strong><span>The increasing trajectory of turnover in many of the estuaries suggests that the fish communities have changed fundamentally from the baselines. A fundamental change in community composition can lead to an irreversible trophic imbalance or alternative stable states among other outcomes. Thus, predicting how shifting community structures might influence food webs, ecosystem stability and human resource use remains a pertinent task.</span></p>
Data used in "Marine heatwaves make more contribution to changing air–water exchange of semi-volatile organic compounds than mean sea surface temperature raising"
<p>Data used in "Marine heatwaves make more contribution to changing air–water exchange of semi-volatile organic compounds than mean sea surface temperature raising"</p>
The importance of considering the duration of extreme temperatures when investigating responses to climate change
<p><span>The frequency and duration of heatwaves are increasing because of human activities. To cope with the changes, species with longer generation times may have to rely on plastic responses. The probability that their responses are adaptive is higher if the species have experienced temperature fluctuations also in their evolutionary past. However, experimental studies investigating responses to heatwaves often use exposure times that are significantly shorter than recent heatwaves. We show that this can lead to faulty conclusions and that the duration of higher temperature has to be considered in experimental designs. We recorded the response of threespine stickleback to prolonged duration of higher temperature during the breeding season, using a population that has experienced large fluctuations in temperature in its past and, hence, is expected to endure temperature changes well. We found males to adaptively adjust their reproductive behaviours to short periods of higher temperature, but not to longer periods that extended across two breeding cycles. Males initially increased their reproductive activities - nest building, courtship and parental care - which ensured high reproductive success during the first breeding cycle, but decreased their reproductive activities during the second breeding cycle when exposed to sustained high temperature. This reduced their courtship success and resulted in fewer offspring. Thus, a species expected to cope well with higher temperature suffers fitness reductions when the duration of high temperature is prolonged. The results stress the importance of considering the duration of extreme environmental conditions when investigating the impact that human activities have on species. Responses to short-term exposures cannot be extrapolated to assess responses to longer periods of extreme conditions.</span></p>
Changes in microbiome and metabolomic profiles of fecal samples stored with stabilizing solution at room temperature
<p>Metabolite profiles of samples stored at room temperature. </p> <p>Fecal samples from three individuals were stored in non-stabilization condition and in OMNIgene.GUT metagenome stabilization solution up to 21 days. Their metabolites were profiled with ultra-performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC) - quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass-spectrometry pipeline on an Acquity UPLC-Q-TOF instrument (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) equipped with an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column. </p> <p> </p> <p>* MetabolitePeak.xlsx : Metabolite profile</p> <p>* MetabolitePeak.xlsx : Metabolite peak information</p> <p>* Sample.xlsx : Sample preservation condition</p> <p> </p>
Paired X-ray Micro CT Scanning and individual foraminifera isotopic analysis reveal (de)coupled changes in carbonate preservation and temperature
<p>To assess the coupling between drivers of isotopic variability and carbonate dissolution in foraminifera, we combine individual foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses (IFA) and X-ray MicroCT Scanning (XMCT)-based measurements of test densities (a proxy for the extent of post-depositional dissolution). As a proof-of-concept application of this approach, we analyze Globigerina bulloides tests from both coretop and downcore (latest Miocene/earliest Pliocene-aged) sediment from Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) Site 1088 (Agulhas Ridge).<br>Sediments from both the core intervals were wet-sieved over a 150 μm sieve and oven-dried at 55°C overnight. Individual tests of G. bulloides were picked from the >150 μm size fraction and gently brushed with the wet tip of a paintbrush to remove any adhering clay. Broken or partially fragmented tests were avoided. 25-50 individuals were mounted on a 1.2cm x 1 cm cardboard sample holder using double-sided carbon and imaged at a time on a Bruker Skyscan 1272 Micro-CT Scanner. In total, 123 individuals from the coretop sample and 88 individuals from the downcore sample were scanned.<br>Stable carbon (δ¹³C) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O) isotopic compositions of individual foraminifera were measured using a Kiel Carbonate Device IV coupled to a Thermo Fisher MAT 253 Plus Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS). All individuals were weighed on a Sartorius ultramicrobalance before analysis, and only samples with mass >10 µg were analyzed as per the long-term precision setup of analyzing small quantities of carbonates on this machine. The XMCT-IFA dataset in this study consists of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values of 90 foraminifera (67 coretop and 23 downcore individuals). We compare population averages of XMCT parameters and isotopic compositions from both the coretop and downcore sediments.</p>
Characterization of extreme temperature index changes in China from 1961 to 2021
<p><a name="OLE_LINK40"></a><a name="OLE_LINK20"></a><span><span>Against the backdrop of intensified global climate change, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events in mainland China continue to rise, owing to their unique topography and complex climate types. In-depth research on the trends and impacts of climate extremes can help develop effective adaptation and mitigation strategies to protect the environment and enhance social resilience. This article is based on temperature and large-scale climate index data from 2029 meteorological stations between 1961 and 2021, we analyzed the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of extreme temperatures in China by using linear propensity estimation and </span></span><a name="OLE_LINK28"></a><span><span><span>Mann-Kendall </span></span></span><span><span><span>test for 15 extreme temperature indices and 3 extreme composite temperature indices. The Pearson correlation coefficient method was used to determine the relationship between these indices and the atmospheric circulation factors. The results show that in the past 60 years, the extreme temperature index in China has shown a trend of decreasing low temperature events and increasing high temperature events; in particular, the increase in warm nights is significantly higher than that of warm days. In terms of spatial distribution, <a name="OLE_LINK26"></a>daily maximum temperature less than the 10th percentile (TX10P) and daily minimum temperature greater than the 90th percentile (TN90P) increased significantly in the warm temperate sub-humid region (WTSH), north subtropical humid region (NSH), and marginal tropical humid region (MTH), whereas frost days (FD0) and diurnal temperature range (DTR) decreased significantly. In the extreme composite temperature index, ETR showed a downward trend, while compound warm days (CHW) and compound warm days relative humidity (CHW-RH20) increased, with the latter mainly concentrated in the WTSH and NSH regions. Correlation analysis with atmospheric circulation factors shows that Arctic Oscillation (AO), Atlantic Multiannual Oscillation (AMO), <a name="OLE_LINK17"></a>and El <a name="OLE_LINK24"></a><span>Niño</span><span>-Southern Oscillation</span> (ENSO) are positively correlated with extremely high temperatures, whereas the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and <a name="OLE_LINK18"></a>Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are negatively correlated.</span></span></span></p>
Battery Pack Temperature Change Prediction for Running BLDC 1500 W Motor using Artificial Neural Network
<p><span>The study explores the prediction of battery temperature using an artificial neural network (ANN) model, trained with experimental data from a brushless DC (BLDC) motor setup. The ANN model, with a 15-14-1 architecture, successfully predicted battery temperature change based on various input parameters, including RPM, load and voltage change of thirteen series of battery. The ANN predictions aligned closely with experimental results, demonstrating the model's effectiveness in capturing the nonlinear behavior of battery temperature changes. These findings highlight the potential of deep learning techniques to improve real-time thermal management in BMS, offering a promising approach for extending battery life and optimizing performance in electric vehicles and energy storage systems.</span></p>
Supporting Data for "The Vertical Structure of Tropical Temperature Change in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change"
<p>Code and netcdf files of processed X-SHiELD and CMIP6 simulations to reproduce the figures of the revised submission of Timothy M. Merlis, Ilai Guendelman, Kai-Yuan Cheng, Lucas Harris, Yan-Ting Chen, Christopher S. Bretherton, Maximilien Bolot, Linjiong Zhou, Alex Kaltenbaugh, Spencer K. Clark, and Stephan Fueglistaler (2024): "The Vertical Structure of Tropical Temperature Change in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change".</p> <p> </p>
Higher growth variability and stronger responses to temperature changes in wild than hatchery-reared sea trout (Salmo trutta L.)
<p>Each year, millions of hatchery-reared sea-run brown trout <i>Salmo trutta</i> L. (the sea trout) juveniles are released into the natural environment in the Atlantic region. The aim of this work was to investigate the growth responses of sea trout to changing temperature conditions and to compare the growth plasticity between wild and hatchery-reared fish. Scales were collected from sea trout in a selected river flowing into the southern Baltic Sea. We analyzed the scale increment widths as a proxy of somatic growth and investigated the interannual variabilities and differences in growth between fish groups (wild and hatchery-reared). We used mixed-effects Bayesian modeling and ascribed the variances in growth to different sources. Furthermore, we developed indices of interannual (2003–2015) growth variation in the marine and freshwater phases of the life cycle of the fish and analyzed the relationships between trout growth and temperature. Temperature positively affects fish growth, regardless of the origin of the fish. We observed stronger relationships between fish growth and temperature conditions in the marine phase than in the freshwater phase. Additionally, wild sea trout are characterized by stronger responses to temperature variability and higher phenotypic plasticity of growth than those of the hatchery-reared individuals. Therefore, wild sea trout might be better suited to changing environmental conditions than hatchery-reared sea trout. This knowledge identifies possible threats in management actions for sea trout with an emphasis on ongoing climate change.</p>
Widespread changes in surface temperature persistence under climate change
<p>Datasets of all data used to create each individual figure file in our manuscript.</p>
Changes in body surface temperature play an under-appreciated role in the avian immune response
<p>Fever and hypothermia are well characterized components of systemic inflammation. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying such changes in body temperature is largely limited to rodent models and other mammalian species. In mammals, high dosages of an inflammatory agent (e.g., lipopolysaccharide, LPS) typically leads to hypothermia (decrease in body temperature below normothermic levels), which is largely driven by a reduction in thermogenesis, and not changes in peripheral vasomotion (i.e., changes in blood vessel tone). In birds, however, hypothermia occurs frequently, even at lower dosages, but the thermoeffector mechanisms associated with the response remain unknown. We immune-challenged zebra finches (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>) with LPS and monitored changes in subcutaneous temperature and energy balance (i.e., body mass, food intake), and assessed surface temperatures of, and heat loss across, the eye region, bill, and legs. We hypothesized that if birds employ similar thermoregulatory mechanisms to similarly-sized mammals, LPS-injected individuals would reduce subcutaneous body temperature and maintain constant surface temperatures when compared with saline-injected individuals. Instead, LPS-injected individuals showed a slight elevation in body temperature, and this response coincided with a reduction in peripheral heat loss, particularly across the legs, as opposed to changes in energy balance. However, we note that our interpretations should be taken with caution due to small sample sizes within each treatment. We suggest that peripheral vasomotion, allowing for heat retention, is an underappreciated component of the sickness-induced thermoregulatory response of small birds.</p>
The effect of past saturation changes on noble gas reconstructions of mean ocean temperature: Model Output Data
<p>This dataset contains model output for the simulations presented in "<em>The effect of past saturation changes on noble gas reconstructions of mean ocean temperature</em>".</p> <p>The NetCDF4 files contain the following variables:</p> <ul> <li>Potential Temperature</li> <li>Salinity</li> <li>Sea-ice area</li> <li>Ar, Kr, Xe, and N<sub>2</sub> concentrations</li> <li>AMOC strength and Northern-Sourced Water fraction (only transient runs)</li> </ul>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.