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715 results for “Varieties”
Supplementary Table S3 - Article: Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Salinity Stress Response in two Egyptian Rice Varieties with Different Tolerance Levels
<p><strong>Table S3.</strong> Repository data for the global analysis produced for cv Giza 178. </p> <p>A, Up regulated genes observed when comparing salt stressed plants vs unstressed controls. </p> <p>B, Down regulated genes in Giza 178 observed when comparing salt stressed plants vs unstressed controls.</p> <p>C, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) results for Giza 178 up regulated genes. </p> <p>D, GOEA results for Giza 178 down regulated genes. </p>
Gene flow between wild trees and cultivated varieties shapes the genetic structure of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) populations
<p>The sweet chestnut orchards (<em>Castanea sativa</em> Mill.) are traditionally planted in the northern Adriatic region. This study investigates their population structure, as well as the genetic background of three toponymous clonal varieties. Six genomic simple sequence repeat (gSSR) and nine EST-derived SSR (EST-SSR) loci were utilized in this study. We have identified five closely related clones, which represent a singular, polyclonal marron variety, found in all three cultivation areas, acompanied by many hybrids, resulting from the breeding between cultivated and wild chestnuts. </p>
Umbilicaria phaea var. coccinea: conservation status, variety rank, and secondary chemistry
<p><span>Originally described from a single collection in northern California, <em>Umbilicaria phaea</em> var. <em>coccinea</em> has since been reported from additional sites in California, Oregon, and Washington. Although relatively rare in all three states, there is currently no conservation status for <em>U. phaea</em> var. coccinea in California. Developing conservation strategies and status ranks requires a sound understanding of distribution, frequency, habitat requirements, and taxonomic placement. Therefore, we evaluated distributions and constructed climate envelope models for both varieties of <em>U. phaea</em>. <em>Umbilicaria phaea</em> var. <em>coccinea</em> appears to be restricted to relatively small habitats within the range of <em>U. phaea</em> var. <em>phaea</em> and is only locally common in portions of the Klamath River watershed. To assess evolutionary relationships between the varieties, we evaluated four molecular loci: ITS2, LSU, Mcm7, and mtSSU. A combined phylogeny using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference indicated that <em>U. phaea</em> is monophyletic. Within the <em>U. phaea</em> clade, var. coccinea and var. phaea do not form mutually exclusive, monophyletic clades; instead, individuals are intermixed. Based on variation in pigment production, morphology, and geographic distribution, we recommend continued designation of <em>U. phaea</em> var. <em>coccinea</em> as a variety. To better understand the chemical diversity within <em>U. phaea</em>, we compared </span><span>qualitative differences between secondary metabolite profiles of </span><em><span>U. phaea</span></em><span> var. phaea and <em>U. phaea</em> var. <em>coccinea</em></span><span> acetone </span><span>extracts using </span><span>ultraperformance-liquid chromatography high resolution tandem mass spectrometry</span><span> in negative ion mode. UV spectroscopy, thin-layer chromatography and chemical spot testing were used to further characterize the compounds present. </span><span>Overall, </span><span>ten compounds were detected in extracts of <em>U. phaea</em> var. <em>phaea</em> and <em>U. phaea</em> var. <em>coccinea</em>. </span><span>Five previously known chemical substances were identified in both </span><span><em>U. phaea</em> </span><span>varieties including</span><span>: orsellinic acid, lecanoric acid, hiascic acid, gyrophoric acid, and </span><span>orsellinylgyrophorate</span><span>, along with four unknown metabolites. One additional unknown substance whose chemical properties are consistent with a polyhydroxylated anthraquinone pigment was detected only in </span><span><em>U. phaea</em> </span><span>var. </span><em><span>coccinea</span></em><span>. Given its rarity, chemical uniqueness, and distinct ecological association, </span><em><span>U. phaea</span></em><span> var. <em>coccinea</em> warrants a protected status throughout its range.</span></p>
Variety is the spice of life: flying-foxes exploit a variety of native and exotic food plants in an urban landscape mosaic
<p><span>Generally, urbanization is a major threat to biodiversity; however, urban areas also provide habitats that some species can exploit. Flying-foxes (<em>Pteropus</em> spp.) are becoming increasingly urbanized; which is thought to be a result of increased availability and temporal stability of urban food resources, diminished natural food resources, or both. Previous research has shown that urban-roosting grey-headed flying-foxes (<em>Pteropus</em> <em>poliocephalus</em>) preferentially forage in human-modified landscapes. However, which land-use areas and food plants support its presence in urban areas is unknown. We tracked nine <em>P</em>. <em>poliocephalus</em> roosting in Adelaide, South Australia, between December 2019 and May 2020, using global positioning systems (GPS), to investigate how individuals used the urban landscape mosaic for feeding. The most frequently visited land-use category was "residential" (40% of fixes) followed by "road-side," "reserves" and "primary production" (13–14% each). However, "reserves" were visited four times more frequently than expected from their areal availability, followed by the "residential" and "road-side" categories that were visited approximately twice more than expected each; in contrast, the "primary production" category was visited approximately five times less than expected. These results suggest that while residential areas provide most foraging resources supporting Adelaide's flying-fox population, reserves contain foraging resources that are particularly attractive to <em>P</em>. <em>poliocephalus</em>. Primary production land was relatively less utilized, presumably because it contains few food resources. Throughout, flying-foxes visited an eclectic mixture of diet plants (49 unique species), with a majority of feeding fixes (63%) to locally indigenous Australian native species; however, in residential areas 53% of feeding visits were to non-locally indigenous species, vs only 13% in reserves. Flowering and fruiting phenology records of the food plants visited further indicated that non-locally indigenous species increase the temporal availability of foraging resources for <em>P</em>. <em>poliocephalus</em> in urban Adelaide. Our findings demonstrate the importance of residential areas for urban-roosting <em>P</em>. <em>poliocephalus</em>, and suggest that the anthropogenic mixture of food resources available in the urban landscape mosaic supports the species' year-round presence in urban areas. Our results further highlight the importance of conserving natural habitats within the urban landscape mosaic, and stress the need for accounting for wildlife responses to urban greening initiatives.</span></p>
cldf-datasets/ewave: The Electronic World Atlas of Varieties of English
<p><strong>Kortmann, Bernd & Lunkenheimer, Kerstin & Ehret, Katharina (eds.) 2020. The Electronic World Atlas of Varieties of English. Zenodo. (Available online at <a href="https://ewave-atlas.org/">https://ewave-atlas.org</a>).</strong></p>
Brice Prairie Trailed, variety Festoons
Type: Brice Prairie Trailed w/ Festoons Description: Two or three parallel tool-trail lines in swooping festoons that encircle vessel at the top of the shoulder and crown vertical tool trails (Boszhardt 1994: 230). Lip Decoration: Continusous tool notching always located on interior lip. Notches may be oriented either perpendicular or obllque to the left or right (228). Culture: Oneota, La Crosse Locality Period: Late Prehistoric Period, Brice Prairie Phase, A.D. 1300-1400 Site: Sanford Archaeological District, 47LC394 Provenience: Feature F454 Artifact ID: 91.2216.01 Curated at: Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin. Citation: Boszhardt, Robert F. 1994 Oneota Group Continuity at La Crosse: The Brice Prairie, Pammel Creek, and Valley View Phases. The Wisconsin Archaeologist 75(3-4): 173-236. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Arenga micrantha (ʃərín variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha (nəʤù variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha (nəʃím variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha ( nəlyĩ̀ variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha (nəlyĩ̀ variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha (nəʧáʔ variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha (nəhũ̀ variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Arenga micrantha (nəʃím variety)
<p>Photo taken on 14.12.2016 below old village Bulu, Nafra circle, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p>
Co-Dispersion Delivery Systems with Solubilizing Carriers Improving the Solubility and Permeability of Cannabinoids (Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, and Cannabichromene) from Cannabis sativa (Henola Variety) Inflorescences
<p>Article, Dataset for article</p> <p> </p> <h2>Abstract</h2> <div>Cannabinoids: cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabichromene (CBC) are lipophilic compounds with limited water solubility, resulting in challenges related to their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy upon oral administration. To overcome these limitations, we developed co-dispersion cannabinoid delivery systems with the biopolymer polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol (Soluplus) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin US2) to improve solubility and permeability. Recognizing the potential therapeutic benefits arising from the entourage effect, we decided to work with an extract instead of isolated cannabinoids. <span>Cannabis sativa</span> inflorescences (Henola variety) with a confirming neuroprotective activity were subjected to dynamic supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (scCO<sub>2</sub>) extraction and next they were combined with carriers (1:1 mass ratio) to prepare the co-dispersion cannabinoid delivery systems (HiE). In vitro dissolution studies were conducted to evaluate the solubility of CBD, CBDA, and CBC in various media (pH 1.2, 6.8, fasted, and fed state simulated intestinal fluid). The HiE-Soluplus delivery systems consistently demonstrated the highest dissolution rate of cannabinoids. Additionally, HiE-Soluplus exhibited the highest permeability coefficients for cannabinoids in gastrointestinal tract conditions than it was during the permeability studies using model PAMPA GIT. All three cannabinoids exhibited promising blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (P<sub>app</sub> higher than 4.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup> cm/s), suggesting their potential to effectively cross into the central nervous system. The improved solubility and permeability of cannabinoids from the HiE-Soluplus delivery system hold promise for enhancement in their bioavailability.</div> <div> <div> <div>Keywords: </div> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiol">cannabidiol</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiolic+acid">cannabidiolic acid</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabichromene">cannabichromene</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabis">cannabis</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=solubility">solubility</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=permeability">permeability</a></div> </div>
Determining Antioxidant Activity of Cannabis Leaves Extracts from Different Varieties—Unveiling Nature's Treasure Trove
<p>Article, Dataset for article</p> <p> </p> <h1>Determining Antioxidant Activity of Cannabis Leaves Extracts from Different Varieties—Unveiling Nature’s Treasure Trove</h1> <p> </p> <h2>Abstract</h2> <div>Cannabis leaves contain a diverse range of antioxidants, including cannabinoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which offer significant health benefits. Utilising cannabis leaves as a source of antioxidants presents a cost-effective approach because they are typically discarded during the cultivation of cannabis plants for their seeds or fibres. Therefore, this presented study aimed to assess the antioxidant activity of the leaves of selected hemp cultivars, such as Białobrzeska, Tygra, and Henola, based on the results obtained with the 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ferric reducing antioxidant power, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays. The cannabinoid profile was analysed for the antioxidant activity to the contents of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC), and cannabichromene (CBC), determined based on chromatographic assays. The following variables were tested: the impact of various extractants (methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol), and their mixtures (50:50, <span>v/v</span>, as well as extraction methods (maceration and ultra-sound-assisted extraction) significant in obtaining hemp extracts characterised by different cannabinoid profiles. The results revealed that the selection of extractant and extraction conditions significantly influenced the active compounds’ extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity. Among the tested conditions, ultrasound-assisted extraction using methanol yielded the highest cannabinoid profile: CBD = 184.51 ± 5.61; CBG = 6.10 ± 0.21; Δ9-THC = 0.51 ± 0.01; and CBC = 0.71 ± 0.01 μg/g antioxidant potential in Białobrzeska leaf extracts.</div> <div> <div> <div>Keywords: </div> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=Cannabis+sativa"><span>Cannabis sativa</span></a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=antioxidant">antioxidant</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabidiol">cannabidiol</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=cannabigerol">cannabigerol</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=oxidative+stress">oxidative stress</a></div> </div>
The Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Potential of Leaves and Inflorescences Extracts of Selected Hemp Varieties Obtained with scCO2
<p>Article, Dataset for the article</p> <p> </p> <h2>Abstract</h2> <div><span>Cannabis sativa</span>, a versatile plant with numerous varieties, holds promising potential for a wide range of biological activity. As raw materials for research, we chose leaves and inflorescences of hemp varieties such as Białobrzeskie, Henola, and Tygra, which are cultivated mainly for their fibers or seeds. The choice of extraction is a key step in obtaining the selected compositions of active compounds from plant material. Bearing in mind the lipophilic nature of cannabinoids, we performed supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO<sub>2</sub>) extraction at 50 °C under 2000 (a) and 6000 PSI (b). The cannabinoid contents were determined with the use of the HPLC-DAD method. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed through a series of procedures, including the DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP methods. The capacity to inhibit enzymes that play a role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase was also studied. The dominant cannabinoids in the extracts were cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA). The highest concentration of eight cannabinoids was detected in the Tygra inflorescences extract (b). The most notable antioxidant properties were provided by the Tygra inflorescences extract (b). Nonetheless, it was the Henola inflorescences extract (b) that demonstrated the most efficient inhibition of AChE and BChE, and tyrosinase was inhibited the most significantly by the Białobrzeskie inflorescences extract (b). Multidimensional comparative analysis enrolled all assays and revealed that the Henola inflorescences extract (b) showed the most substantial neuroprotective potential.</div> <div> <div> <div>Keywords: </div> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=Cannabis+sativa"><span>Cannabis sativa</span></a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=antioxidant">antioxidant</a>; <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/search?q=neuroprotection">neuroprotection</a></div> </div>
Pollination dependency and deficit in three almond varieties from Morocco
<p>The contribution of insects to pollination constitutes a globally important ecosystem service. Due to the increasing demand for entomophilous crops, the nutritional and economic importance of insect-pollinated crops and the inability of managed pollinators (<em>Apis mellifera L</em>) to meet the high demand for their services indicate that agriculture heavily relies on wild pollinators. Almonds are an economically valuable crop in Morocco. Therefore, it is essential to understand the fundamental pollination requirements of major almond varieties to promote their production. The main objectives of this study were to assess the dependency of three almond cultivars (Espoir, Largueta and Planeta) on insect pollination, and then to evaluate the pollination deficit resulting from the lack of these pollinators. For this purpose, we used insect-proof net bags constructed around branches of almond trees to compare fruit set and yield with open and open + hand-pollinated flowers. The results of the fruit set experiment confirmed that all three varieties require insect pollination, as fruit set and yield were significantly higher in insect-pollinated than insect-isolated trees. All three almond varieties were categorized as obligatory dependent on biotic pollinators. In addition, two out of the three studied almond varieties showed high pollination deficit resulting from the lower abundance and/or diversity of pollinating insects. Results of the current study highlights the important role of insect pollinators for almond crops and the urgent need for the implementation of sustainable strategies to preserve pollinators within agricultural ecosystems.</p>
Fig. 1 in The Chemical Composition Of New Oat Varieties And Breeding Lines Created In Latvia
Fig. 1. Protein amount in oat grains grown in different nitrogen fertilizer rate.
FIGURE A6-1 in Morphospace dynamics and intraspecies variety of Sorex araneus and S. tundrensis according to recent and fossil data
FIGURE A6-1. Consensus tree based on the seven concatenated genes data set.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.