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555 results for “Woody”
Figures 75–79. Habitus images. 75 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 75–79. Habitus images. 75) Sepedophilus cinctulus (Erichson) (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae). 76) Sepedophilus occultus (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae). 77) Hymenorus sp. (female) (Tenebrionidae). 78) Strongylium crenatum Mäklin (Tenebrionidae). 79) Aulonothroscus distans Blanchard (Throscidae).
Figures 51–56. Habitus images. 51 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 51–56. Habitus images. 51) Priobium sericeum (Say) (Ptinidae: Anobiinae). 52) Dendroides canadensis Latreille (Pyrochroidae). 53) Dendroides concolor (Newman) (Pyrochroidae). 54) Clinidium baldufi Bell (Rhysodidae). 55) Rhinosimus viridiaeneus (Randall) (Salpingidae). 56) Aleocharinae gen. sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae).
Figures 69–74. Habitus images. 69 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 69–74. Habitus images. 69) Trimioplectus obsoletus Brendel (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 70) Euconnus (Napochus) sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 71) Euconnus (Scopophus) n. sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 72) Euconnus (Scopophus) sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 73) Hesperus apicialis (Say) (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae). 74) Sepedophilus brachypterus Campbell (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae).
Figures 45–50. Habitus images. 45 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 45–50. Habitus images. 45) Dircaea liturata (LeConte) (Melandryidae). 46) Hypulus simulator Newman (Melandryidae). 47) Ptiliidae gen. sp. (Ptiliidae). 48) Acrotrichis sp. (Ptiliidae: Acrotrichinae). 49) Pteryx sp. (Ptiliidae: Ptiliinae). 50) Oligomerus obtusus LeConte (Ptinidae: Anobiinae).
Figures 27–32. Habitus images. 27 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 27–32. Habitus images. 27) Apteromechus ferratus (Say) (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae). 28) Cophes fallax (LeConte) (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae). 29) Dryophthorus americanus (Bedel) (Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae). 30) Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). 31) Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). 32) Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae).
Figures 9–14. Habitus images. 9 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 9–14. Habitus images. 9) Dicerca divaricata (Say) (Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae). 10) Gastrellarius honestus (Say) (Carabidae: Harpalinae). 11) Mioptachys flavicauda (Say) (Carabidae: Trechinae). 12) Eupogonius pauper LeConte (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). 13) Leptostylus transversus (Gyllenhal) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). 14) Microgoes oculatus (LeConte) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae).
Figures 2–7. 2 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 2–7. 2) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: CWD; c: FWD.3) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: primary forest; c: secondary forest. 4) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: 2007; c: 2006. 5) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: CWD2; c: CWD3-4; d: CWD1; e: FWD1; f: FWD2. 6) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: primary FWD2; c: primary FWD1; d: secondary FWD1; e: secondary FWD2. 7) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: primary CWD2; c: primary CWD3–4; d: primary CWD1; e: secondary CWD1; f: secondary CWD2; g: secondary CWD3–4.
Figures 21–26. Habitus images. 21 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 21–26. Habitus images. 21) Ceracis singularis (Dury) (Ciidae). 22) Octotemnus laevis Casey (Ciidae). 23) Atomaria sp. (Cryptophagidae). 24) Cryptophagus sp. (Cryptophagidae). 25) Caulophilus dubius (Horn) (Curculionidae: Cossoninae). 26) Stenoscelis brevis (Boheman) (Curculionidae: Cossoninae).
Figures 39–44. Habitus images. 39 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 39–44. Habitus images. 39) Isarthrus rufipes (Melsheimer) (Eucnemidae). 40) Isorhipis obliqua (Say) (Eucnemidae). 41) Melasis pectinicornis Melsheimer (Eucnemidae). 42) Microrhagus subsinuatus LeConte (Eucnemidae). 43) Bacanius tantillus LeConte (Histeridae). 44) Agathidium sp. (female) (Leiodidae: Leiodinae).
Figures 63–68. Habitus images. 63 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 63–68. Habitus images. 63) Thoracophorus costalis (Erichson) (Staphylinidae: Osoriinae). 64) Adranes lecontei Brendel (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 65) Batrisodes sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 66) Leptoplectus pertenuis (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 67) Pycnoplectus sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 68) Sonoma sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae).
Figures 57–62. Habitus images. 57 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 57–62. Habitus images. 57) Athetini sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 58) Atheta sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 59) Leptusa carolinensis Pace (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 60) Leptusa cribratula (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 61) Leptusa pusio (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 62) Leptusa sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae).
Figures 33–38. Habitus images. 33 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 33–38. Habitus images. 33) Xyloterinus politus (Say) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). 34) Ampedus areolatus (Say) (Elateridae). 35) Ampedus luteolus (LeConte) (Elateridae). 36) Ampedus semicinctus (Randall) (Elateridae). 37) Bystus ulkei (Crotch) (Endomychidae). 38) Tohlezkus inexpectus Vit (Eucinetidae).
Figure 1 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figure 1. Map of collection locations in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Primary forest sites: 1) Laurel Falls; 2) Porters Creek; 3) Albright Grove. Secondary forest sites: 4) Tremont; 5) Sugarlands Quiet Walkway; 6) Greenbrier.
Figures 15–20. Habitus images. 15 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 15–20. Habitus images. 15) Urographis fasciatus (Degeer) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). 16) Analeptura lineola Say (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae). 17) Trachysida mutabilis (Newman) (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae). 18) Cerylon castaneum Say (Cerylonidae). 19) Mychocerus striatus (Sen Gupta and Crowson) (Cerylonidae). 20) Philothermus glabriculus (LeConte) (Cerylonidae).
data sets for the article Short‑term impact of crop diversifcation on soil carbon fuxes and balance in rainfed and irrigated woody cropping systems under semiarid Mediterranean conditions
<p>Diversifcation practices such as intercropping in woody cropping systems have recently been proposed as a promising management strategy for addressing problems related to soil degradation, climate change mitigation and food security. In this study, we assess the impact of several diversifcation practices in diferent management regimes on the main carbon fuxes regulating the soil carbon balance under semiarid Mediterranean conditions.</p>
Conservation of woody species in China under future climate and land-cover changes
<ol> <li>Climate and land-cover changes are major threats to biodiversity, and their impacts are expected to intensify in the future. Protected areas (PAs) are crucial for biodiversity conservation. However, their effectiveness under future climate and land-cover changes remains to be evaluated. Moreover, the impacts of climate and land-cover changes on multi-dimensions of biodiversity are rarely considered when expanding PAs.</li> <li>Using distributions of 8732 woody species in China and species distribution models, we identified species that will be threatened by future climate and land-cover changes (i.e. species with significant projected loss of suitable habitats by the 2070s) under different dispersal scenarios. We then estimated the geographical patterns in species richness (SR) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of these threatened species, evaluated the effectiveness (i.e. the changes in SR and PD) of Chinese PAs, and identified conservation priorities for future PA expansion.</li> <li>Approximately 12-38% of woody species will be threatened under different scenarios. These species tend to be clustered in the tree of life, and their SR and PD show consistent spatial patterns, being highest at low latitudes. PAs currently protect 90% of these threatened species. However, their SR and PD of threatened species within PAs will decrease by 30-40% by the 2070s, which reduces the PA effectiveness, especially for PAs at low elevations and those with low topographic heterogeneity and high natural vegetation loss.</li> <li>The conservation priorities identified from the SR and PD of the threatened species are mainly in mountains in southern China, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and Taiwan Island. PA expansion and ecological corridors in these regions are needed to conserve these threatened species.</li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications.</i> We present a systematic study of the impacts of future climate and land-cover changes on the conservation status of woody species and PA effectiveness in China. Our results suggest that future climate and land-cover changes will reduce PA effectiveness, and the spatial prioritization of biodiversity conservation should consider the influences of future global changes on biodiversity. These results shed new light on the conservation priorities for the post-2020 expansion of PAs in China.</li> </ol>
Woodiness and succulence of the Canary Islands flora
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Aim</strong>: Oceanic islands possess unique floras with high proportions of endemic species. Island floras are expected to be severely affected by changing climatic conditions as species on islands have limited distribution ranges, small population sizes and face the constraints of insularity to track their climatic niches. We aimed to assess how ongoing climate change affects the range sizes of oceanic island plants, identifying species of particular conservation concern.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Location</strong>: Canary Islands, Spain.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Methods</strong>: We combined species occurrence data from single-island endemic, archipelago endemic and non-endemic native plant species of the Canary Islands with data on current and future climatic conditions. Bayesian Additive Regression Trees were used to assess the effect of climate change on species distributions; 71% (n = 502 species) of the native Canary Island species had models deemed good enough. To further assess how climate change affects plant functional strategies, we collected data on woodiness and succulence.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Results</strong>: Single-island endemic species were projected to lose a greater proportion of their climatically suitable area (x̃ = ‑0.36) than archipelago endemics (x̃ = ‑0.28) or non-endemic native species (x̃ = ‑0.26), especially on Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, which are expected to experience less annual precipitation in the future. Moreover, herbaceous single-island endemics were projected to gain less and lose more climatically suitable area than insular woody single-island endemics. In contrast, we found that succulent single-island endemics and non-endemic natives gain more and lose less climatically suitable area.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Main</strong> <strong>conclusions</strong>: While all native species are of conservation importance, we emphasise single-island endemic species not characterised by functional strategies associated with water use efficiency. Our results are particularly critical for other oceanic island floras that are not constituted by such a vast diversity of insular woody species as the Canary Islands.</span></p>
Figure 4. Synendotendipes woodi. a in NEW COMBINATIONS OF AFROTROPICAL CHIRONOMINI (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) Abstract
Figure 4. Synendotendipes woodi. a) paratype male hypopygium (Uganda); b) male hypopygium (Ghana); c) male head (Ghana); d) male thorax (Ghana). Scale bars a-c = 100 µm; scale bar d = 500 µm.
Growth form and leaf habit drive contrasting effects of Arctic amplification in long-lived woody species
<p><strong>Raw_and_STD_Chronologies.txt</strong> contains the raw (suffix "_raw") and indexed (suffix "_std") ring-width chronology derived from seven species (<em>Juniperus communis</em> L., <em>Betula nana</em> L., <em>Salix lanata</em> L., <em>Picea abies</em> L., <em>Pinus contorta</em> Douglas, <em>Betula pubescens</em> Ehrh., and <em>Sorbus aucuparia</em> L.) collected from ten sites located across Iceland. In the file, each column addresses the chronology belonging to a precise site and species, coded following the one used in the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) as listed in Grissino_Mayer (1993). This data was used to model growth trends and to perform climate-growth associations over the 1967-2018 period.</p>
Data from: Water regime and nitrogen enrichment facilitate the encroachment of woody plants at various developmental stages in freshwater marshes
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