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1,625 results for “Worker”
Generative AI in Crowdwork for Web and Social Media Research: A Survey of Workers at Three Platforms
<p>Data generated for the paper "<span>Generative AI in Crowdwork for Web and Social Media Research:</span><br><span>A Survey of Workers at Three Platforms</span>" presented at ICWSM 2024.</p>
Different strategies between queens and workers against fungal pathogens in the termite Reticulitermes chinensis
<p>Social insects are prone to pathogen infection because of high exposure rates from social interactions. However, it remains unclear whether queens have enhanced pathogen resistance, since reproduction is largely confined to queens. Here, we used a natural host-pathogen system, the subterranean termite <em>Reticulitermes chinensis </em>and<em> </em>the entomopathogenic fungus <em>Metarhizium anisopliae,</em><em> </em>to investigate the differences in allo-grooming, locomotion, and immune gene expression between queens and workers against pathogen infection. We found that fungal infection significantly reduced survival in both queens and workers. Infected queens received significantly more grooming time from sanitary nestmates than infected workers, but they returned much less grooming time to sanitary nestmates than infected workers. Infection resulted in a reduction in the average locomotion speed and distance of queens but had no effect on worker locomotion. Infection resulted in upregulated expression of two immune genes (<em>termicin</em> and <em>transferrin</em>), two antioxidant genes (<em>CAT</em> and <em>SOD</em>), and phosphate genes <em>CYP450</em> in queens but not in workers. Our results indicated that eusocial termites evolved strategies that prioritize the reproductive castes welfare in defending against the pathogen infection to ensure continued reproduction and colony persistence.</p>
Prevalence of psychopathological symptoms and their determinants in 4 healthcare workers categories during the second year of COVID-19 pandemic
<p>Dataset including data presented in the paper: <strong>Prevalence of psychopathological symptoms and their determinants in 4 healthcare workers categories during the second year of COVID-19 pandemic</strong></p>
Data repository of Predictors of Social Response to COVID-19 among Health Care Workers Caring for Individuals with Confirmed COVID-19 in Jordan
<p>The outbreak of COVID-19 forced public health authorities around the world to call for national emergency plans. Public responses, in form of social discrimination and stigmatizing behaviors, are increasingly being observed against confirmed individuals with confirmed COVID-19 and healthcare workers (HCWs) caring for those individuals. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the perception of social discrimination and coping strategies, and explore predictors of social discrimination and coping toward COVID-19 among HCWs and individuals with confirmed COVID-19. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive-comparative design to collect data using a convenience sample of 105 individuals with confirmed COVID-19 and 109 HCWs using a web-based survey format. In this study, individuals confirmed with COVID-19 reported a high level of social discrimination compared with HCWs (t = 2.62, <em>p</em> < .01). While HCWs reported high level of coping with COVID-19 compared with individuals with COVID-19 (t = -3.91, <em>p</em> < .001). Educational level, age, monthly income, and taking over-the-counter medication were predictors of social discrimination and coping with COVID-19 among HCWs and individuals confirmed with COVID-19. In conclusion, the findings showed individuals with confirmed COVID-19 were more likely to face social discrimination and HCWs perform better coping with COVID-19 than individuals with confirmed COVID-19.</p>
Protective effect conferred by prior infection and vaccination on COVID-19 in a healthcare worker cohort in South India
<p><span>The emergence of newer variants with the immune escape potential raises concerns about breakthroughs and re-infections resulting in future waves of infection. We examined the protective effect of prior COVID-19 disease and vaccination on infection rates among a cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) in South India during the second wave driven mainly by the delta variant. </span><span>Symptomatic HCWs were routinely tested by RT-PCR as per institutional policy. Vaccination was offered to all HCWs in late January, and the details were documented. We set up a non-concurrent cohort to document infection rates and estimated protective efficacy of prior infection and vaccination between 16th Apr to 31st May 2021, using a Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying covariates adjusting for daily incidence.</span></p> <p><span>Between June 2020 and May 2021, 2735 (23.9%) of 11,405 HCWs were infected, with 1412, including 32 re-infections, reported during the second wave. 6863 HCWs received two doses of vaccine and 1905 one dose. The protective efficacy of prior infection against symptomatic infection was 86.0% (95% CI 76.7% - 91.6%). Vaccination combined with prior infection provided 91.1% (95% CI 84.1% - 94.9%) efficacy. In the absence of prior infection, vaccine efficacy against symptomatic infection during the second wave was 31.8% (95% CI 23.5% – 39.1%).</span></p> <p><span>Prior infection provided substantial protection against symptomatic re-infection and severe disease during a delta variant-driven second wave in a cohort of health care workers.</span></p>
Micro-CT abdominal reconstruction of a worker honeybee abdomen
<p><strong>Micro-CT abdominal reconstruction of worker honeybees.</strong><em> </em></p> <p>The samples were obtained from a honeybee colony located in Cortijo Tinajas (Lecrín, Granada, Spain; coordinates: 36°55'25.1"N 3°31'42.9"W; 36.923645,-3.528575) and kindly provided by Apinevada S. L. Micro-CT scans were carried out at the Centro de Instrumentación Científica (University of Granada, Granada, UGR), using a Xradia 510 VERSA (ZEISS) (Xradia 510 VERSA (ZEISS). The following settings were established to get the same resolution of all samples: 4X magnification, 6.1515 μm pixel size, 200.021 mm mm source-sample distance, 20 mm detector-sample distance, and 2034 images.</p>
A real-time feedback system stabilises the regulation of worker reproduction under various colony sizes
<p>Based on individual trait expression, an agent-based simulation was used to identify an explicit mechanism for understanding colony size dependent behaviour. This is the code for and data from the agent-based simulation</p>
Datasets for Health care workers' knowledge on identification, management and treatment of snakebite cases in rural Malawi
<p>This is the data for a Health care workers' knowledge on identification, management and treatment of snakebite cases in rural Malawi: a descriptive study.</p>
Videos of nests of Harpagoxenus sublaevis and Leptothorax acervorum containing Leptothorax acervorum workers transferred as pupae into different social environments i.e. colonies
<p><strong>Ant collection and colony maintenance</strong></p> <p>Colonies of the hosts <em>Leptothorax acervorum</em> and <em>L. muscorum</em> and the dulotic ant <em>Harpagoxenus sublaevis</em> were collected in July 2020 close to Nuremberg, Germany (49.345592, 11.258971 and 49.413857, 11.026181). At the University of Mainz, ants were transferred to plastered nest boxes containing artificial nest sites consisting of a Plexiglas cavity sandwiched between two microscope slides (7.5 cm x 2.5 cm x 0.5 cm) covered with a red foil and kept at 18°C with a 12:12 light: dark cycle. Ants were fed with crickets and honey every fourth day and provided with water ad libitum.</p> <p><strong>Experimental manipulation</strong></p> <p>For our experiment, we selected ten colonies of <em>L. acervorum</em> and five colonies each of <em>L. muscorum</em> and <em>H. sublaevis</em>. Colonies were assigned to one of five replicates, each replicate containing one colony for each of the four treatments. We prepared experimental colonies by standardizing colony size to one queen, 15 small larvae and 30 adult workers (15 inside + 15 outside workers). Adult workers were marked with a thin metal wire between thorax and abdomen (0.02 mm diameter, Elektrisola, red) to allow distinguishing them from our focal newly emerged workers. We removed 24 pupae from each <em>L. acervorum</em> colony, of which six were returned to the natal colony (referred to as “original” treatment), and six each were transferred into another <em>L. acervorum</em> colony (“conspecific” treatment), into an <em>L. muscorum</em> colony (“heterospecific” treatment) and a colony of <em>H. sublaevis </em>(“parasitic” treatment). For the parasitic treatment, we standardized the number of host workers to 60 as described above, but additionally added all <em>H. sublaevis</em> ants (18.4 ± 13.56 adult female individuals). Workers of these obligate social parasites do not take over worker chores, such as brood care and foraging, which are outsourced to host workers. Unfortunately, worker pupae from two of our replicates did not develop into adult workers in sufficient numbers, so that we focused our transcriptomic analyses on workers from the remaining three replicates. Moreover, all<em> L. acervorum </em>pupae transferred into <em>L. muscorum</em> colonies (“heterospecific” treatment) were either killed or expelled from the colony or did not emerge into workers (Survival: Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.05; Rejection (pupae outside the nest over the first three days): Kruskal-Wallis p < 0.001, Wilcoxon Heterospecific-Parasitic p = 0.016, Wilcoxon Heterospecific-Conspecific p = 0.012, Wilcoxon Heterospecific-Original p = 0.004) indicating that <em>L. muscorum</em> not only recognise <em>L. acervorum </em>pupae, but also eliminate them from their colonies. While we were unable to include this heterospecific treatment thus in our analyses, the number of transferred individuals still alive at the end of the experiment did not differ between the remaining treatments (Kruskal-Wallis: p = 0.34). Rejection was calculated as the number of pupae outside the nest over the first three days.</p> <p><strong>Behavioural observations</strong></p> <p>About 10 weeks (63-69 days) after the emergence of the first worker, colonies were transferred to 22°C and the red foil from their glass nest was removed to allow workers to adapt to light. The next day, the slide nest was transferred to a fluon-treated arena (3 cm x 7.5 cm) and each colony was filmed for 100 min in 4k using a SONY FDR-AX33 camera under a Leica KL1500 LED light.</p>
Headache in workers. A matched case-control study
<p>Data utilized for the study to be published</p>
Figs 4–6. Echinopla jeenthongi, holotype worker. 4 in Two new species of the genus Echinopla Smith, 1857 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae) from Thailand
Figs 4–6. Echinopla jeenthongi, holotype worker. 4 – head in full-face view; 5 – body
Figs 1–3. Echinopla charernsomi, holotype worker. 1 in Two new species of the genus Echinopla Smith, 1857 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae) from Thailand
Figs 1–3. Echinopla charernsomi, holotype worker. 1 – head in full-face view; 2 – body
Figs. 5–8. Odontomachus fulgidus Wang, 1993, holotype worker. 5 in A new species of Odontomachus Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from China
Figs. 5–8. Odontomachus fulgidus Wang, 1993, holotype worker. 5 – head in full-face
Worker survival and egg production depending on the diet
<p>Aging is associated with diverse molecular processes such as oxidative damage, a decrease in immunocompetence, or an increase in epigenetic abnormalities, mutations, and inflammations. Many of these processes are linked to nutrient-sensing signaling pathways, suggesting that diet plays a critical role in the aging process. In fact, the protein content in the diet can affect both longevity and fecundity, but often in opposite directions. In many solitary organisms, protein-rich diets dramatically shorten lifespan but increase egg production. We used the ant <em>Temnothorax rugatulus</em> to investigate the effect of the protein-to-carbohydrate ratio in the diet on the survival and fecundity of fertile workers. We fed colonies either a moderately high-carbohydrate or high-protein diet (1:2 and 2:1 respectively) and monitored worker survival and egg production over nine weeks. The protein-rich diet did not alter the ability of workers to lay eggs, but reduced worker survival, suggesting that consuming large amounts of protein may shorten the lifespan in fertile ant workers without promoting reproduction. Our study shows for the first time that a protein-rich diet reduces the overall fitness of fertile workers.</p>
Old lime worker, Grinlow Woods, Buxton
A wooden carved statue in the woodland above Poole's Cavern. After participating in the online built heritage photogrammetry workshop organised by the Chance Heritage Trust with tutor Kimberley, I went out and photographed this statue. Canon 6D plus Canon EF 24-105 L lens set at 35mm. Autoexposure at f8. All images in portait orientation. Photographed in RAW, then small adjustments to some of the images in Lightroom to reduce contrast and exported as JPEGs downsized to 4000 pixels on the long side. 108 images in total. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Parameters for the modelization of operator, worker, and bystander exposure to pesticides in market gardening areas in Burkina Faso using three international exposure assessment models.
<p>Parameters used for the modelization of operator, worker, and bystander exposure to pesticides in market gardening areas in Burkina Faso using the following exposure assessment models:</p> <p>EFSA 2014: EFSA, 2014. Guidance on the assessment of exposure of operators, workers, residents and bystanders in risk assessment for plant protection products. EFSA J. 12, 3874. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3874</p> <p>HAIR2010: Kruijne, R., Deneer, J.W., Lahr, J., Vlaming, J., 2011. HAIR2010 Documentation: calculating risk indicators related to agricultural use of pesticides within the EU 205.</p> <p>WHO 2011: WHO, 2011. Generic risk assessment model for indoor and outdoor space spraying - WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme 1–72.</p> <p><br> This work was realized in the framework of the research component "Pesticides" (1.2.4) of the 3E program funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).</p> <p><br> Details on algorithm adaptations, scenario definitions and model outputs are available in the PhD thesis of Dr. Edouard Lehmann available from 2018 at https://infoscience.epfl.ch/</p>
Survey Content Urban Waste - Waste Workers
<p>This dataset includes data from a survey developed by URBANWASTE in the framework of WP3. In particular this dataset includes the answer from waste workers surveyed in 11 pilot cases - Florence (IT), Nice (FR), Lisbon (PT), Syracuse (IT), Copenhagen (DK), Kavala (GR), Santander (ES), Nicosia (CY), Ponta Delgada (PT), Dubrovnik – Neretva county (HR), Tenerife (ES)- in Europe to investigate the efficiency of waste management system and structure in their pilot case and to understand the possible influence of tourism on waste management and production</p>
Compliant Aerial Manipulators: Developing the New Generation of Aerial Robotic Workers
<p><strong>This video demonstrates the results found in the research of a new topic in aerial manipulation. We attempt to successfully collide on the environment with the UAV without crashing. This can be useful to robustly establish contact with the environment in realistic outdoor scenarios, where precise knowledge on the position of the drone might not always available.</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>In the video three different experiments are shown. In all of these experiments, the manipulator arm (in this case a rotating rod) is in front of the drones center of mass.</strong></p> <p><strong>The first experiment shows the collision of the drone with the environment when the manipulator is rigidly connected to the drone. This causes a severe impact, which destabilizes the drone. It is simply too much energy for the drone to handle. In the second experiment the manipulator arm is connected to the drone via a spring-damper system to reduce the severeness of the impact. This shows significant improvement, but the drone is unable to maintain contact and bounces. The key to success in this work was to add a mechanical one-direction stop on the manipulator. This stop allows the arm to be pressed in during impact, but prevents the arm from releasing the energy afterwards. The third experiment shows how this works and demonstrates a beautiful smooth impact to achieve contact.</strong></p>
Quit bugging me: Phorid fly parasitoids affect expression of an immune gene in foraging fire ant workers
<p>This data contains RT-qPCR and diet measurements for quantifying gene expression of red imported fire ant, <em>Solenopsis invicta </em>workers in the presence and absence of the parasitoid fire ant decapitating fly, <em>Pseudacteon curvatus</em>, and assessing the amount of food after exposure to <em>P. curvatus</em>, respectively. The genes investigated were the <em>Solenopsis invicta</em> <em>foraging gene</em> (<em>Sifor</em>), <em>odorant binding protein 11 </em>(<em>OBP-11</em>), <em>abaecin, defensin-2 </em>(<em>Def-2</em>),<em> cytochrome P450 4C1-like </em>(<em>CYP4C1-like</em>), and <em>hymenoptaecin </em>(<em>hym</em>)<em>. Ribosomal Protein 18</em> (<em>RPL18</em>) was used as the reference gene. These genes of <em>S. invicta</em> workers of unknown infection status in fire ant colonies exposed to decapitating flies and control colonies were observed over a 48-h period. Two diets were measured before and after in control and treatment colonies (i.e., colonies exposed to <em>P. curvatus</em>).</p>
Data from: Safety and efficacy of BCG re-vaccination in relation to COVID-19 morbidity in healthcare workers: A double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
<p>Morbidity and mortality attributable to COVID-19 is devastating global health systems and economies. Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been in use for many decades to prevent severe forms of tuberculosis in children. Studies have also shown a combination of improved long-term innate or trained immunity (through epigenetic reprogramming of myeloid cells) and adaptive responses after BCG vaccination, which leads to non-specific protective effects in adults. Observational studies have shown that countries with routine BCG vaccination programs have significantly less reported cases and deaths of COVID-19, but such studies are prone to significant bias and need confirmation. To date, in the absence of direct evidence, WHO does not recommend BCG for the prevention of COVID-19. This project aims to investigate in a timely manner whether and why BCG-revaccination can reduce infection rate and/or disease severity in health care workers during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in South Africa. </p> <p>These objectives will be achieved with a blinded, randomised controlled trial of BCG revaccination versus placebo in exposed front-line staff in hospitals in Cape Town. Observations will include the rate of infection with COVID-19 as well as the occurrence of mild, moderate or severe ambulatory respiratory tract infections, hospitalisation, need for oxygen, mechanical ventilation or death. HIV-positive individuals will be excluded. Safety of the vaccines will be monitored. A secondary endpoint is the occurrence of latent or active tuberculosis. Initial sample size and follow-up duration is at least 500 workers and 52 weeks. Statistical analysis will be model-based and ongoing in real time with frequent interim analyses and optional increases of both sample size or observation time, based on the unforeseeable trajectory of the South African COVID-19 epidemic, available funds and recommendations of an independent data and safety monitoring board. The study will be supported by a novel 3D lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 infection system that can mimic the cascade of immunological events after SARS-CoV-2 infection to determine and analyse the contribution of cellular components to the impact of BCG revaccination in this study.</p> <p>Given the immediate threat of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic the trial has been designed as a pragmatic study with highly feasible endpoints that can be continuously measured. This allows for the most rapid identification of a beneficial outcome that would lead to immediate dissemination of the results, vaccination of the control group and outreach to the health authorities to consider BCG vaccination for all qualifying health care workers.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.