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739 results for “barnacles”
Data from: Baseline immune activity is associated with date rather than with moult stage in the Arctic-breeding barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis)
Variation in immune defence in birds is often explained either by external factors such as food availability and disease pressure or by internal factors such as moult and reproductive effort. We explored these factors together in one sampling design by measuring immune activity over the time frame of the moulting period of Arctic-breeding barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis). We assessed baseline innate immunity by measuring levels of complement-mediated lysis and natural antibody-mediated agglutination together with total and differential leukocyte counts. Variation in immune activity during moult was strongly associated with calendar date and to a smaller degree with the growth stage of wing feathers. We suggest that the association with calendar date reflected temporal changes in the external environment. This environmental factor was further explored by comparing the immune activity of geese in the Arctic population with conspecifics in the temperate climate zone at comparable moult stages. In the Arctic environment, which has a lower expected disease load, geese exhibited significantly lower values of complement-mediated lysis, their blood contained fewer leukocytes, and levels of phagocytic cells and reactive leukocytes were relatively low. This suggests that lower baseline immune activity could be associated with lower disease pressure. We conclude that in our study species, external factors such as food availability and disease pressure have a greater effect on temporal variation of baseline immune activity than internal factors such as moult stage.
Data from: Effects of fleas on nest success of Arctic barnacle geese: experimentally testing the mechanism
Parasites have detrimental effects on their hosts' fitness. Therefore, behavioural adaptations have evolved to avoid parasites or, when an individual is already in contact with a parasite, prevent or minimize infections. Such anti-parasite behaviours can be very effective, but can also be costly for the host. Specifically, ectoparasites can elicit strong host anti-parasite behaviours and interactions between fleas (Siphonaptera) and their hosts are one of the best studied. In altricial bird species, nest fleas can negatively affect both parent and offspring fitness components. However, knowledge on the effects of fleas on precocial bird species is scarce. Research on geese in the Canadian Arctic indicated that fleas have a negative impact on reproductive success. One possible hypothesis is that fleas may affect female incubation behaviour. Breeding females with many fleas in their nest may increase the frequency and/or duration of incubation breaks and could even totally desert their nest. The aim of our study was to 1) determine if a similar negative relationship existed between flea abundance and reproductive success in our study colony of Arctic breeding barnacle geese Branta leucopsis and 2) experimentally quantify if such effects could be explained by a negative effect of nest fleas on female behaviour. We compared host anti-parasite and incubation behaviour between experimentally flea-reduced and control nests using wildlife cameras and temperature loggers. We found that flea abundance was negatively associated with hatching success. We found little experimental support, however, for changes in behaviour of the breeding female as a possible mechanism to explain this effect.
Data from: Phylogeography of a marine insular endemic in the Atlantic Macaronesia: the Azorean barnacle, Megabalanus azoricus (Pilsbry, 1916)
The Azorean barnacle, Megabalanus azoricus (Pilsbry, 1916), is a Macaronesian endemic whose obscure taxonomy and the unknown relationships among forms inhabiting isolated Northern Atlantic oceanic islands is investigated by means of molecular analysis herein. Mitochondrial data from the 16S rRNA and COX1 genes support its current species status, tropical ancestry, and the taxonomic homogeneity throughout its distribution range. In contrast, at the intraspecific level and based on control region sequences, we detected an overall low level of genetic diversity and three divergent lineages. The haplogroups α and γ were sampled in the Azores, Madeira, Canary, and Cabo Verde archipelagos; whereas haplogroup β was absent from Cabo Verde. Consequently, population analysis suggested a differentiation of the Cabo Verde population with respect to the genetically homogenous northern archipelagos generated by current oceanographic barriers. Furthermore, haplogroup α, β, and γ demographic expansions occurred during the interglacial periods MIS5 (130 Kya - thousands years ago -), MIS3 (60 Kya), and MIS7 (240 Kya), respectively. The evolutionary origin of these lineages is related to its survival in the stable southern refugia and its demographic expansion dynamics are associated with the glacial-interglacial cycles. This phylogeographic pattern suggests the occurrence of genetic discontinuity informative to the delimitation of an informally defined biogeographic entity, Macaronesia, and its generation by processes that delineate genetic diversity of marine taxa in this area.
FIGURE 3 in A new genus and species of high intertidal barnacle (Cirripedia, Tetraclitidae) from Baja California Sur, México
FIGURE 3. Opercular plates of Lissaclita melaniae gen. et sp. nov. External view of scutum (a), internal view of scutum (b), external view of tergum (c), internal view of tergum (d). Scale bar= 200 µm.
FIGURE 5 in A new genus and species of high intertidal barnacle (Cirripedia, Tetraclitidae) from Baja California Sur, México
FIGURE 5. Thoracic appendages of left side of Lissaclita melaniae gen. et sp. nov. Cirrus I (a), cirrus II (b), cirrus III (c), serrate setae of cirrus III (d). Scale bar for a, b, c = 100 µm; scale bar d = 200 µm.
FIGURE 4 in A new genus and species of high intertidal barnacle (Cirripedia, Tetraclitidae) from Baja California Sur, México
FIGURE 4. Exoskeletal parts of Lissaclita melaniae gen. et sp. nov. Labrum (a), first maxilla (b), second maxilla (c), mandible (d), palpus (e). Scale bar = 200 µm.
FIGURE 2. A–E in First records of the giant barnacles, Austromegabalanus nigrescens (Lamarck, 1818) and A. psittacus (Molina, 1782) (Cirripedia: Balanidae) from New Zealand, with a key to New Zealand Balanidae
FIGURE 2. A–E, Austromegabalanus nigrescens, Taharoa Terminal, NIWA 34692. A. psittacus, Wellington Harbour, NIWA 25576. F–J, A, F, overall cluster. B, G, tergum, internal aspect. C, H, tergum, external aspect. D, I, scutum, internal aspect. E, J, scutum, external aspect. Scale A–E = 10 mm, F–J = 5 mm.
FIGURE 1 in First records of the giant barnacles, Austromegabalanus nigrescens (Lamarck, 1818) and A. psittacus (Molina, 1782) (Cirripedia: Balanidae) from New Zealand, with a key to New Zealand Balanidae
FIGURE 1. Native distribution of Austromegabalanus nigrescens (grey) and A. psittacus (black). Inset: Known New
FIGURE 2 in Verruca punica, a new species of verrucomorph barnacle (Crustacea, Cirripedia, Thoracica) from the Lower Danian (Palaeocene) of Tunisia
FIGURE 2. Distribution of fossil species assigned to the genus Ver ru ca Schumacher, 1817 (sensu stricto); see Table 1 for details.
FIGURE 1 in Verruca punica, a new species of verrucomorph barnacle (Crustacea, Cirripedia, Thoracica) from the Lower Danian (Palaeocene) of Tunisia
FIGURE 1. Location of the El Haria section, near El Kef (northwest Tunisia), the provenance of the types of Verruca punica Buckeridge & Jagt, sp. nov.
FIGURE 12 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 12. Female and larval Scalpelloniscus vomicus sp. nov. A, host specimen Smilium zancleanum (NIWA 43461), arrow indicates gall formed by female S. vomicus; B, C, dorsal and ventral view of mature female paratype (NIWA 35033); D–I epicaridium larvae (NIWA 35053); D, lateral view of epicaridium larva; E, antenna; F, pereopod 1; G; pleopod 1, H, endopod of pleopod 1 (setation omitted); I, uropod and anal tube, not all setation shown. Scale Bars: A = 1 cm; B, C = 0.5 mm; D–I = 50 µm.
FIGURE 11 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 11. Scanning electron micrographs of Scalpelloniscus vomicus sp. nov. paratypes (NIWA 43476). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, pleotelson; D, antennule; E, pereopod 4; F, pereopod 3; G; detail of lateral teeth of antennule. Scale bars: A, B = 200 μm; C, D = 30 μm; E, F = 20 μm; G = 10 μm.
FIGURE 8 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 8. Scalpelloniscus nieli sp. nov. A–E (B–D holotype NIWA 35060; A, E paratype NIWA 35031) male; F female (NIWA 43468) A, antennule; B, antenna; C, pereopod 4; D, pereopod 7; E, pleotelson, not all setation shown; F, female, ventral view. Cuticular striations shown are representative only. Scale bars: A–E = 50 μm, F = 1 mm.
FIGURE 7 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 7. Female Crinoniscus politosummus sp. nov. paratypes A, 2 females in situ (NIWA 43485) B, lateral view of female paratype (NIWA 43388). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 5. Male Crinoniscus politosummus sp. nov., holotype (NIWA35052). A, antennule; B, antenna; C, pereopod 2; D, pereopod 5; E, pereopod 7; F, pleotelson, not all setation shown. Cuticular striations shown are representative only. Scale bar = 50 μm.
FIGURE 6 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 6. Male Crinoniscus politosummus sp. nov. paratypes (NIWA 43479). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, pleotelson; D, ventral view of anterior segments; E, antennule; F, second coxal plate; G, pereopod 2; H, pereopods 3 & 4; I, pereopod 7; J, propodus-dactylus junction pereopod 3; K, uropods, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 100 μm; C, D, K = 50 μm; E–I = 20 μm; J = 10 μm.
FIGURE 4 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 4. Female Crinoniscus cephalatus sp. nov., paratypes; A, B, scanning electron micrographs of recently moulted immature female attached to host (NIWA 43478); C–E, mature female (NIWA 35029). C, D lateral and ventral view of female; E, mouthparts. Scale bars: A = 200 μm; B = 100 μm; C, 1 mm; E, 50 μm.
FIGURE 3 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 3. Male Crinoniscus cephalatus sp. nov., paratypes (NIWA 43477). A, lateral view; B, dorsal view of same specimen; C, ventral view of anterior section; D, antennule; E, pereopod 3 & 4; F, pleopod 1; G, propodus-dactylus junction of pereopod 5; H, pleotelson. Scale bars A, B = 200 μm; C = 100 μm; D, E, H = 20 μm; F = 50 μm; G = 10μm.
FIGURE 1 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 1. Map of New Zealand showing localities of where the current specimens of A, Crinoniscus cephalatus sp. nov. (Ο), C. politosummus sp. nov. (Π); B, Scalpelloniscus nieli sp. nov. (Ο), S. cf. penicillatus Grygier, 1981b () and S. vomicus sp. nov. (Π) were collected.
FIGURE 2 in Four new species and a new record of Cryptoniscoidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Hemioniscidae and Crinoniscidae) parasitising stalked barnacles from New Zealand
FIGURE 2. Male Crinoniscus cephalatus sp. nov. A, B, D–F Holotype (NIWA 35048). C, paratype (NIWA 43460). A, antennule; B, antenna; C, pereopod 5; D, pereopod 7; E pleotelson; F pleopod 2. Not all setation shown in E and F. Cuticular striations shown are representative only. Scale bars: A, C–F = 50 μm, B = 100 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.