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562 results for “bumblebee”

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zenodo36/100

Perl et al 2022 Substantial variability in morphological scaling among bumblebee colonies

Data and R code for the submitted manuscript Perl et al 2021 Substantial variability in morphological scaling among bumblebee colonies

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

dryad36/100

Bumblebees' food preferences are jointly shaped by rapid valuation of nectar sugar concentration and viscosity

Animals are often assumed to follow a strategy of energy maximisation, and therefore should evaluate feeding options based on energy intake rates. Contrastingly, rhesus macaque's learned food preferences are based on sensory properties, e.g. sweetness and resistance, regardless of energy differences. Here, we show that nectar sugar concentration (sweetness) and nectar viscosity (resistance) drive preferences of bumblebees, classical models for economic and foraging decision-making. Using a tasteless/odourless biopolymer (tylose), we created feeding options that differed in sweetness and resistance, properties that affect energy intake rate and can be immediately sensed. When energy intake rates were similar, bumblebees developed preferences based on sweetness and resistance. When energy intake rates were different but sweetness and resistance were balanced against each other, bees developed no preferences. Decision dynamics during training indicated that bumblebees simultaneously evaluated sweetness and resistance to make decisions quickly (in seconds). These results indicate that bumblebees' food preferences are jointly affected by the immediate sensation of nectar sweetness and resistance as positively and negatively reinforcing properties, respectively, irrespective of energy intake rate. From these findings we propose that subjective valuations of sensory food properties should be considered as constraints in models of foraging behaviour.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

dryad36/100

The impact of dietary breadth on bumblebee colony fitness

The current decline of pollinators may disrupt ecosystems and ecosystem services with potentially harmful effects on nature and human society. While the importance of habitat loss and fragmentation, pollution and increased disease risk in driving pollinator decline has been clearly demonstrated, the impact of resource diversity is less well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of pollen diversity and composition on reproductive success and fitness of Bombus terrestris colonies. We asked the question whether a higher plant diversity results in a more diverse diet, lower pathogen incidence and a higher colony fitness. To answer these questions, colonies of lab-reared bumblebees were placed in species-poor heathland and species-rich semi-natural grasslands that strongly differed in plant community composition and diversity. We examined pollen loads on the bodies of foragers and identified the plant taxa present in the realized diet via DNA metabarcoding of the ITS2 marker. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to compare peptide composition of pollen samples from both habitats. Colony fitness was assessed by counting the number of sexuals produced by the colony at the end of its cycle. At the same time, colonies were examined for parasite incidence. Pollen composition and diversity on pollinators' bodies differed significantly between bees foraging in grasslands and heathlands. Concomitantly, peptide composition differed significantly between pollen samples from grasslands and heathlands. Colonies developed significantly better in heathland sites than in grasslands. In addition, colony fitness was only weakly related to pollen diversity and effects in some cases depended on the habitat where the bees were foraging. Pathogen incidence was very low and not affected by habitat. Overall, our results indicate that plant diversity is not necessarily a good predictor of colony fitness, and that vegetation composition and associated differences in both the quantity and quality of pollen are more important than pollen diversity per se.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Data for: The Neonicotinoid Imidacloprid Impairs Sucrose Solution Consumption, Learning and Locomotor Activity Levels In Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris)

# README The following files are for creating the figures from the paper:  ## `plot_flowervisits_nectar.ipynb` Jupyter notebook that creates the figures concerning flower visits, nectar consumption and the proportion of empty honeypots. ## `plot_activity.py` Python script that takes trajectory fragments from video analysis and computes the locomotor activity level through making histograms of bumblebee speeds. Makes two figures that are equivalent to the figure on locomotor activity in the paper. ## `statistical analysis.py` R markdown notebook that performs all the hypothesis testing for the paper. ## Data These files contain the data, and are located in the folder called `data`.  `activity/activityproportions.csv` contains the computed locomotor activity level for easy plotting. `boldata/boldata.csv` contains data about the nectar bag weight before and after experiment and the counted number of empty and full honeypots. Used by `plot_flowervisits_nectar.ipynb` `flower_data/flowerData.csv` contains the computed number of visits to blue and yellow flowers per hive for easy plotting. `humlevideo_production/*/traj*_trajectories*.csv` contains constructed trajectories from all experiments seen from both cameras. These are being used by the script `plot_activity`. `humlevideo_production/*/traj*.json` contains data about the occurence of bees on flowers in each frame in each experiment. `landinger_csv` contains data about landings, that have been extracted from the `humlevideo_production/*/traj*.json` files. Used by `plot_flowervisits_nectar.ipynb`.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Bumblebee flower constancy and pollen diversity over time

Bees often focus their foraging effort on a few or even a single flower species, even if other equally rewarding flower species are present. Although this phenomenon – called flower constancy – has been widely documented during single foraging trips, it is largely unknown if the behavior persists over longer time periods, especially under field conditions with large spatial and temporal variation of resources. We investigated the pollen diet of individuals from nine different Bombus terrestris colonies up to six weeks, placed at either 0, 300 or 1000 m from nearest autumn sown oilseed rape. Adjacency to oilseed rape affected constancy, with a higher flower constancy in colonies far from fields. Overall, 23 % of the pollen foraging trips were flower constant, and the fraction of constant pollen loads did not change over time, although repeatedly sampled individuals that were flower constant once often showed different preferences at other sampling occasions, and the similarity between pollen loads collected by the same individuals dropped over time. This suggests that flower constancy and other learnt foraging strategies likely change in response to shifting floral resources. How rapidly it changes in response to changing resources, and if this differs between species as well as within species depending on e.g. size, should be the focus of future research. The average diversity of pollen from single foraging trips was around 3 pollen types, and we found indications of resource partitioning within the colonies resulting in higher colony-level pollen diversity. Keywords: flower fidelity, Bombus, foraging, seasonal shift, foraging preferences, Brassica napus.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Dataset for: Intraspecific size shifts in generalist bumblebees and flowers lead to low functional consequences

Body size is a trait that can affect plant-pollinator interaction efficiency and plant reproductive success. We explored the impact of intraspecific size shifts on the interactions between pollinators and flowering plants under controlled conditions. We considered two development conditions leading to the production of large and small individual flowers of Borago officinalis and Echium plantagineum. We also used the natural variability of worker size within bumblebee colonies to isolate small and large workers. We performed a fully crossed experiment with the two flower sizes of each plant species, and the two sizes of bumblebee workers. Our results show that the size of both partners did not affect bee foraging behavior in most of the evaluated parameters, and both bee sizes were equally efficient in depositing pollen. Significant differences were found only in the pollen deposition across the life of a flower in small flowers of B. officinalis, with the greatest quantity of pollen deposited by small bees. We did not find a relationship between pollinator size and plant fitness. Our results suggest that generalist plant-pollinator interactions may be resilient to future potential mismatches in the size of the partners, but remain to be tested if they are still resilient under the new environmental conditions resulting from global changes.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Non-contact measurement of a free flying bumblebee's (Bombus terrestris) electrical potential as it approaches and leaves a fixed electrode

With increasing evidence of electroreception in terrestrial arthropods, understanding receptor level processes is vital to appreciating the capabilities and limits of this sense. Here, we examine the spatio-temporal sensitivity of mechanoreceptive filiform hairs in detecting electrical fields. We first present empirical data, highlighting the time-varying characteristics of biological electrical signals. We then explore how electrically sensitive hairs may respond to such stimuli. The main findings are: 1) oscillatory signals (elicited by wingbeats) influence the spatial sensitivity of hairs, unveiling an inextricable spatio-temporal link; 2) wingbeat direction modulates spatial sensitivity; 3) electrical wingbeats can be approximated by sinusoidally modulated DC signals; and 4) for a moving point charge, maximum sensitivity occurs at a faster timescale than a hair's frequency-based tuning. Our results show that electro-mechanical sensory hairs may capture different spatio-temporal information, depending on an object's movement and wingbeat and in comparison, to aero-acoustic stimuli. Crucially, we suggest that electrostatic and aero-acoustic signals may provide distinguishable channels of information for arthropods. Given the pervasiveness of electric fields in nature, our results suggest further study to understand electrostatics in the ecology of arthropods and to reveal unknown ecological relationships and novel interactions between species.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Sexual dimorphism in the proventriculus of the buff-tailed bumblebee Bombus terrestris (L. 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

This data set shows the measurements of the proventriculi from male and female Bombus terrestris individuals

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

dryad36/100