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124 results for “crust”
Synthetic soil crusts against green-desert transitions: a spatial model
<p>Semiarid ecosystems are threatened by global warming due to longer dehydration times and increasing soil degradation. Mounting evidences indicate that, given the current trends, drylands are likely to expand and possibly experience catastrophic shifts from vegetated to desert states. Here we explore a recent suggestion based on the concept of ecosystem terraformation, where a synthetic organism is used to counterbalance some of the nonlinear effects causing the presence of such tipping points. Using an explicit spatial model incorporating facilitation and considering a simplification of states found in semiarid ecosystems i.e., vegetation, fertile and desert soil, we investigate how engineered microorganisms can shape the fate of these ecosystems. Specifically, two different, but complementary, terraformation strategies are proposed: Cooperation-based: C-terraformation; and Dispersion-based: D-terraformation. The first strategy involves the use of soil synthetic microorganisms to introduce cooperative loops (facilitation) with the vegetation. The second one involves the introduction of engineered microorganisms improving their dispersal capacity, thus facilitating the transition from desert to fertile soil. We show that small modifications enhancing cooperative loops can effectively change the location of the critical transition found at increasing soil degradation rates, also identifying a stronger protection against soil degradation by using the D-terraformation strategy. The same results are found in a mean field model providing insights into the transitions and dynamics tied to these terraformation strategies. The potential consequences and extensions of these models are discussed.</p>
Deep mantle component and continental crust remobilization in the source of Vesteris Seamount, East Greenland margin
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Seismic identification method for weathering crust reservoirs in granite buried hills—a case study of buried hills around the Baiyun sag, South China
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Monitoring of Seismic Geodynamics of the Earth's Crust of Central Armenia_DATASET
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The composition of the lower oceanic crust in the Wadi Khafifah section of the southern Samail (Oman) ophiolite
<p>The composition of the intrusive gabbroic lower oceanic crust remains poorly characterized in comparison to the extrusive portion of the oceanic crust, especially for intermediate-fast spreading mid-ocean ridges. This is a consequence of limited exposures of extant lower oceanic crust and of ophiolites similar to mid-ocean ridge crust. One of the best analogues for mid-ocean ridge crust is the southern Samail ophiolite that formed during a period of rapid seafloor spreading above a nascent subduction zone. Here, we focus on the geochemical stratigraphy (whole rock and mineral major and trace element compositions) of the 5200 m-thick, lower crustal, Wadi Khafifah section of the Wadin Tayin massif in the southern Oman ophiolite. Gabbros from the lowermost 3700 m of this section (the 'lower gabbros') show no systematic changes in composition with height above the Mantle Transition Zone. In contrast, gabbros from the uppermost 1500 m (the 'upper gabbros') display marked increases in incompatible trace element concentration with increasing height. Liquids in equilibrium with the lower gabbros have major and trace element compositions that overlap with those measured in the upper gabbros and sheeted dikes. Upper gabbros preserve mineral cores with primitive major element compositions that overlap with the range of lower gabbros, however, upper gabbro whole rock compositions are significantly more enriched in incompatible trace elements relative to the lower gabbros. Our data reveal that the upper gabbros are a composite of accumulated minerals derived from primitive melts and a large fraction of evolved melts derived from the fractionation of the lower gabbros. We propose a new "Full Sheeted Sills" model for the lower oceanic crust in which primitive magmas from the mantle are emplaced throughout the lower crust and crystallized <i>in situ</i>. After diking events, evolved magmas leave the lower gabbros and replenish the upper gabbros, thereby contributing to the higher incompatible trace element budget in the upper gabbros relative to the lower gabbros. Our reconstructed bulk compositions of the lower plutonic crust and the bulk oceanic crust from the Wadi Khafifah section yield a plausible primary mantle-derived magma composition in equilibrium with depleted MORB mantle.</p>
Metamorphic densification can account for the missing felsic crust of the Greater Indian continent
<p>Metamorphic densification can account for the missing felsic crust of the Greater Indian continent</p>
Plume-induced rifting of thickened crust: 2D numerical model and implications for N–S rifts in southern Tibet
<p>The data for numerical model results of plume induced crust rifting </p>
FIG. 5 in The Sarmatian (middle Miocene) "petrified forest" of Gramada (NW Bulgaria): role of the calcareous crusts
FIG. 5. — Horizontally arranged cylinders. Scale bars: A-B, D, 10 cm; C, F-G: the hammer gives the scale.
Text-fig. 2. Stratigraphical section at Předboj (according to Žítt et al. (1999), modified). Legend: 1 – Proterozoic bedrock, 2 – conglomerate, 3 – marl, marlstone, Ph – phosphatic crusts, R – reworked deposit, C – Upper Cenomanian, T – Lower Turonian, Q – Quaternary deposits, c – occurrence of invertebrate coprolites. in Sabellid And Serpulid Worms (Polychaeta, Canalipalpata, Sabellida, Sabellidae, Serpulidae) From The Rocky Coast Facies (Late Cenomanian) At Předboj Near Prague
Text-fig. 2. Stratigraphical section at Předboj (according to Žítt et al. (1999), modified). Legend: 1 – Proterozoic bedrock, 2 – conglomerate, 3 – marl, marlstone, Ph – phosphatic crusts, R – reworked deposit, C – Upper Cenomanian, T – Lower Turonian, Q – Quaternary deposits, c – occurrence of invertebrate coprolites.
Magmatic underplating thickening of the crust of the southern Tibetan Plateau inferred from receiver function analysis
<p>SAC files of receiver functions of SANDWICH</p>
Magmatic underplating thickening of the crust of the southern Tibetan Plateau inferred from receiver function analysis
<p>SAC files of the waveform data used to extract the receiver functions.</p>
Data from: Development and calibration of a novel sensor to quantify the water content of surface soils and biological soil crusts
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The composition of the lower oceanic crust in the Wadi Khafifah section of the southern Samail (Oman) ophiolite
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Synthetic soil crusts against green-desert transitions: a spatial model
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Archean crust and metallogenic zones in the Amazonian Craton sensed by satellite gravity data
<p>This is the geochronology data inventory for the published paper 'Archean crust and metallogenic zones in the Amazonian Craton sensed by satellite gravity data' on Scientific Reports.</p> <p>As it reads in the Methods section of the publication: ' Geochronological data.To constrain our interpretations over the physical structure of the terranes regard-ing feasible geological evolution, we evaluated their age relationships from a compiled geochronology data set. We examined the TDM model and crystallization ages to unveil the relationships of parent material to a common ancestor reservoir, and crystallization of igneous and protoliths rocks, respectively. Evaluation of εNd determi-nations provide clues for the derivation of crustal material during crystallization and reworking episodes. The compiled data set comprises 414 age determinations from various minerals and methods (Sm-Nd, U-Pb, Pb-Pb, K-Ar, Ar-Ar isotopic systems). The target ages were model (n = 142) and crystallization (n = 272) ages. A total of 99 simultaneous determinations of Sm and Nd isotopic composition and crystallization ages with εNd calcula-tions were compiled to evaluate crustal evolution. Data come from more than 50 publications, most of them cited in papers14–18,21,22,26,28,30,31,33–35,42,50 and references therein. We are aware that the geochronology data set is deficient in some aspects, such as the existence of geographical gaps (e.g., western Carajás, southern Bacajá), sample collec-tion bias, and preservation of the geochronology record, or even incomplete inspection of the record'.</p>
Seismic evidence for a weakened thick crust at the Beaufort Sea continental margin
<p>This compressed folder contains raw seismic waveforms used to determine the three-dimensional seismic velocity structure beneath the Beaufort Sea continental margin of northwestern Canada.</p> <p>Estève, C.,<strong> </strong>Liu, Y., Koulakov, I., Schaeffer, A.J, and Audet, P., Seismic evidence for a weakened thick crust at the Beaufort Sea continental margin <em>(Geophysical Research Letters</em>).</p>
Seismic Signature of the Upper Continental Crust: Implications from the thermoelastic properties of Liebermannite and K-hollandite II
<p>This repository contains data used in "Seismic Signature of the Upper Continental Crust: Implications from the thermoelastic properties of Liebermannite and K-hollandite II".</p>
Dynamic transcriptional response of Microcoleus vaginatus to hydration and dehydration in a desert biological soil crust
GEO Series GSE40188. Microcoleus vaginatus; Microcoleus vaginatus PCC 9802; Microcoleus vaginatus FGP-2. 52 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
FIGURE 2 in The first squamulose Thelocarpon species (Thelocarpaceae, Ascomycota) discovered in the biological soil crusts in the Bolivian Andes
FIGURE 2. Thelocarpon andicola (holotype). A, cross section of thalline wart showing colourless paraplectenchymatous exciple and thalline layer composed of loosely arranged hyphae and photobiont cells (mounted in LPCB). B, flask-shaped ascus (mounted in Lugol's solusion). C, ascus apex (mounted in Lugol's solusion). D, cross section of conidiomata immersed in thallus (mounted in LPCB). E, conidiophores with elongated conidiogenous cells and acrogenous conidia (upper mounted in LPCB; lower in tap water). F, ascospores with 1–2 oil droplets (in tap water). G, conidia with 1–2 oil droplets (upper mounted in LPCB; lower in tap water). Scales: A—50 µm, B—20 µm, C—10 µm, D—25 µm, E–G—10 µm.
Redox-independent low water solubility in quartz and implications for water storage in the crust
<p>The data for quartz samples in the work.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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