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132 results for “elevation ranges”
Data from: Physiological responses to elevated temperature across the geographic range of a terrestrial salamander
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Data from: Evolutionary constraint on low elevation range expansion: Defense‐abiotic stress‐tolerance trade‐off in crosses of the ecological model Boechera stricta
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Data from: Herbivory and pollen limitation at the upper elevational range limit of two forest understory plants of eastern North America
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Staying in situ or shifting range under ongoing climate change: A case of an endemic herb in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains across elevational gradients
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Data from: High-elevation range limit of an annual herb is neither caused nor reinforced by declining pollinator service
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Data from: Local adaptation at range edges: comparing elevation and latitudinal gradients
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Seasonal variation in community composition and distributional ranges of birds along a subtropical elevation gradient in China
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Data from: Divergent plant–soil feedbacks could alter future elevation ranges and ecosystem dynamics
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The functional role and diversity of soil nematodes are stronger at high elevation in the lesser Himalayan mountain ranges
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Data from: Environmental context determines the limiting demographic processes for plant recruitment across a species’ elevational range
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Data from: Linking species thermal tolerance to elevational range shifts in upland dung beetles
Climate warming has been proposed as the main cause of the recent range shifts seen in many species. Although species' thermal tolerances are thought to play a key role in determining responses to climate change, especially in ectotherms, empirical evidence is still limited. We investigate the connection between species' thermal tolerances, elevational range and shifts in the lower elevational limit of dung beetle species (Coleoptera, Aphodiidea) in an upland region in the northwest of England. We measured thermal tolerances in the laboratory, and used current and historical distribution data to test specific hypotheses about the area's three dominant species, particularly the species most likely to suffer from warming: Agollinus lapponum. We found marked differences between species in their minimum and maximum thermal tolerance and in their elevational range and patterns of abundance. Overall, differences in thermal limits among species matched the abundance patterns along the elevation gradient expected if distributions were constrained by climate. A. lapponum abundance increased with elevation and this species showed lower maximum and minimum thermal limits than Acrossus depressus, for which abundance declined with elevation. Consistent with lower tolerance to high temperature, we recorded an uphill retreat of the low elevation limit of A. lapponum (177 m over 57 years) in line with the increase in summer temperature observed in the region over the same period. Moreover, this species has been replaced at low and mid-elevations by the other two warm-tolerant species (A. depressus and Agrilinus ater). Our results provide empirical evidence that species' thermal tolerance constrains elevational ranges and contributes to explain the observed responses to climate warming. A mechanistic understanding of how climate change directly affects species, such as the one presented here, will provide a robust base to inform predictions of how individual species and whole assemblages may change in the future.
Data from: Behavior influences range limits and patterns of coexistence across an elevational gradient in tropical birds
Does competition influence patterns of coexistence between closely related taxa? Here we address this question by analyzing patterns of range overlap between related species of birds ("sister pairs") co-occurring on a tropical elevational gradient. We explicitly contrast the behavioral dimension of interspecific competition (interference competition) with similarity in resource acquisition traits (exploitative competition). Specifically, we ask whether elevational range overlap in 118 sister pairs that live along the Manu Transect in southeastern Peru is predicted by proxies for competition (intraspecific territorial behavior) or niche divergence (beak divergence and divergence times, an estimate of evolutionary age). We find that close relatives that defend year-round territories tend to live in non-overlapping elevational distributions, while close relatives that do not defend territories tend to broadly overlap in elevational distribution. In contrast, neither beak divergence nor evolutionary age was associated with patterns of range limitation. We interpret these findings as evidence that behavioral interactions⎯particularly direct territorial aggression⎯can be important in setting elevational range limits and preventing coexistence of closely related species, though this depends upon the extent to which intraspecific territorial behavior can be extended to territorial interactions between species. Our results suggest that interference competition can be an important driver of species range limits in diverse assemblages, and thus highlight the importance of considering behavioral dimensions of the niche in macroecological studies.
Elevation alters outcome of competition between resident and range-shifting species
<p>Species' geographic range shifts towards higher latitudes and elevations are among the most frequently reported consequences of climate change. However, the role of species interactions in setting range margins remains poorly understood. We used cage experiments in ponds to test competing hypotheses about the role of abiotic and biotic mechanisms for structuring range boundaries of an up-slope range-shifting caddisfly <i>Limnephilus picturatus. </i>We found that competition with a ubiquitous species <i>Limnephilus externus</i> significantly decreased <i>L. picturatus</i> survival and emergence at subalpine elevations supporting the notion that species interactions play a critical role in determining up-slope range limits. However, without competitors, <i>L. picturatus</i> survival was greater at high-elevation than low-elevation sites. This was contrary to decreases in body mass (a proxy for fecundity) with elevation regardless of the presence of competitors. We ultimately show that species interactions can be important for setting up-slope range margins. Yet our results also highlight the complications in defining what may be abiotically stressful for this species and the importance of considering multiple demographic variables. Understanding how species ranges will respond in a changing climate will require quantifying species interactions and how they are influenced by the abiotic context in which they play out.</p>
Sampling plot × species matrix from: Climate-driven elevational variation in range sizes of vascular plants in the central Himalayas: a supporting case for Rapoport's rule
<p>A fundamental yet controversial topic in biogeography is how and why species range sizes vary along spatial gradients. To advance our understanding of these questions and to provide insights into biological conservation, we assessed elevational variations in the range sizes of vascular plants with different life forms and biogeographical affinities and explored the main drivers underlying these variations in the longest valley in China's Himalayas, the Gyirong Valley. Elevational range sizes of vascular plants were documented in 96 sampling plots along an elevational gradient ranging from 1,800 to 5,400 m above sea level. We assessed the elevational variations in range size by averaging the range sizes of all recorded species within each sampling plot. We then related the range size to climate, disturbance, and the mid-domain effect, and explored the relative importance of these factors in explaining the range size variations using the Random Forest model. A total of 545 vascular plants were recorded in the sampling plots along the elevational gradient. Of these, 158, 387, 337, and 112 were woody, herbaceous, temperate, and tropical species, respectively. The range size of each group of vascular plants exhibited uniform increasing trends along the elevational gradient, which was consistent with the prediction of Rapoport's rule. Climate was the main driver of the increasing trends of vascular plant range sizes in the Gyirong Valley. The climate variability hypothesis and mean climate condition hypothesis could both explain the elevation-range size relationships. Our results reinforce the previous notion that Rapoport's rule applies to regions where the influence of climate is the most pronounced, and call for close attention to the impact of climate change to prevent species range contraction and even extinction due to global warming. </p>
Figures 7-8 from: de Pinho FF, Ferreira GB, Paglia AP (2017) Influence of vegetation physiognomy, elevation and fire frequency on medium and large mammals in two protected areas of the Espinhaço Range. Zoologia 34: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e11921
Figures 7-8 - (7) Species richness and confidence interval (95%) in low (<1000 m) and high elevation (>1200 m) in Rio Preto State Park. (8) Use intensity by medium and large mammals and confidence interval (95%) in low (<1000 m) and high elevation (>1200 m) in Rio Preto State Park.
Figures 3-4 from: de Pinho FF, Ferreira GB, Paglia AP (2017) Influence of vegetation physiognomy, elevation and fire frequency on medium and large mammals in two protected areas of the Espinhaço Range. Zoologia 34: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e11921
Figures 3-4 - Observed species richness and confidence interval (95%) by physiognomy in (3) Rio Preto State Park and (4) Sempre Vivas National Park.
Figure 1 from: de Pinho FF, Ferreira GB, Paglia AP (2017) Influence of vegetation physiognomy, elevation and fire frequency on medium and large mammals in two protected areas of the Espinhaço Range. Zoologia 34: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e11921
Figure 1 - Camera trap sites (black circles) surveyed at Rio Preto State Park and Sempre Vivas National Park. Areas of integral protection in gray and areas of sustainable use in hollow poligones.
Figure 2 from: de Pinho FF, Ferreira GB, Paglia AP (2017) Influence of vegetation physiognomy, elevation and fire frequency on medium and large mammals in two protected areas of the Espinhaço Range. Zoologia 34: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e11921
Figure 2 - Species accumulation curve (richness x effort) and confidence interval (95%) in Rio Preto State Park (RPSP) and Sempre Vivas National Park (SVNP).
Figures 5-6 from: de Pinho FF, Ferreira GB, Paglia AP (2017) Influence of vegetation physiognomy, elevation and fire frequency on medium and large mammals in two protected areas of the Espinhaço Range. Zoologia 34: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e11921
Figures 5-6 - Medium and large mammals use intensity and confidence interval (95%) by physiognomy in (5) Rio Preto State Park and (6) Sempre Vivas National Park.
Data from: Fine-scale spatial genetic structure across the species range reflects recent colonization of high elevation habitats in silver fir (Abies alba Mill.)
<p class="western"><span>Variation in genetic diversity across species ranges has long been recognized as highly informative for assessing populations' resilience and adaptive potential. The spatial distribution of genetic diversity within populations, referred to as fine-scale spatial genetic structure (FSGS), also carries information about recent demographic changes, yet it has rarely been connected to range scale processes. We studied eight silver fir (<i>Abies alba </i>Mill.<i>)</i> population pairs (sites), growing at high and low elevations, representative of the main genetic lineages of the species. A total of 1368 adult trees and 540 seedlings were genotyped using 137 and 116 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), respectively. Sites revealed a clear east-west isolation-by-distance pattern consistent with the post-glacial colonization history of the species. Genetic differentiation among sites (<i>F</i><sub>CT</sub>=0.148) was an order of magnitude greater than between elevations within sites (<i>F</i><sub>SC</sub>=0.031), nevertheless high elevation populations consistently exhibited a stronger FSGS. Structural equation modeling revealed that elevation and, to a lesser extent, post-glacial colonization history, but not climatic and habitat variables, were the best predictors of FSGS across populations. These results suggest that high elevation habitats have been colonized more recently across the species range. Additionally, paternity analysis revealed a high reproductive skew among adults and a stronger FSGS in seedlings than in adults, suggesting that FSGS may conserve the signature of demographic changes for several generations. Our results emphasize that spatial patterns of genetic diversity within populations provide information about demographic history complementary to non-spatial statistics, and could be used for genetic diversity monitoring, especially in forest trees.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.