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137 results for “gulls”
Parental age does not influence offspring telomeres during early life in common gulls (Larus canus)
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Data from: Annual movement patterns of endangered ivory gulls: the importance of sea ice
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Data from: Directed flight and optimal airspeeds: homeward-bound gulls react flexibly to wind yet fly slower than predicted
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Data from: Fine-scale flight strategies of gulls in urban airflows indicate risk and reward in city living
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Urban herring gulls use human behavioural cues to locate food
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Evolution of a conspicuous melanin-based ornament in gulls Laridae
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Data from: Modelling flight heights of lesser black-backed gulls and great skuas from GPS: a Bayesian approach
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Data from: Extensive mitochondrial introgression in North American Great Black-backed Gulls (Larus marinus) from the American Herring Gull (Larus smithsonianus) with little nuclear DNA impact
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Multi-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in yellow-legged gull chicks in their first weeks of life
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Data from: Haldane’s rule revisited: do hybrid females have a shorter lifespan? Survival of hybrids in a recent contact zone between two large gull species
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Data from: Avian vulnerability to wind farm collision through the year: insights from lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus) tracked from multiple breeding colonies
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Combined influence of intrinsic and environmental factors in shaping productivity in a small pelagic gull, the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
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Data from: Herring gulls respond to human gaze direction
Human-wildlife conflict is one of the greatest threats to species populations worldwide. One species facing national declines in the UK is the herring gull (Larus argentatus), despite an increase in numbers in urban areas. Gulls in urban areas are often considered a nuisance due to behaviours such as food-snatching. Whether urban gull feeding behaviour is influenced by human behavioural cues, such as gaze direction, remains unknown. We therefore measured the approach times of herring gulls to a food source placed in close proximity to an experimenter who either looked directly at the gull or looked away. We found that only 26% of targeted gulls would touch the food, suggesting that food-snatching is likely to be conducted by a minority of individuals. When gulls did touch the food, they took significantly longer to approach when the experimenter's gaze was directed towards them compared to directed away. However, inter-individual behaviour varied greatly, with some gulls approaching similarly quickly in both treatments while others approached much more slowly when the experimenter was looking at them. These results indicate that reducing human-herring gull conflict may be possible through small changes in human behaviour, but will require consideration of behavioural differences between individual gulls.
Data from: Kelp and dolphin gulls cause perineal wounds in South American fur seal pups (Arctocephalus australis) at Guafo Island, Chilean Patagonia
During five reproductive seasons, we documented the presence, extent and origin of perineal wounds in South American fur seal pups (Arctocephalus australis) on Guafo Island, Northern Chilean Patagonia. The seasonal prevalence of perineal wounds ranged from 5 to 9%, and new cases were more common at the end of the breeding season (February), when pups were on average two months old and were actively expelling hookworms (Uncinaria sp). Histologically, wounds corresponded to marked ulcerative lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic dermatitis with granulation tissue and mixed bacterial colonies. In 2015 and 2017, kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) and dolphin gulls (Leucophaeus scoresbii) were observed picking and wounding the perineal area of marked pups. This behaviour occurred more frequently after the pups' defecation, when sea gulls engaged in consumption of pups' faeces. The affected pups usually had moderate to marked hookworm infections along with bloody diarrhoea and anaemia. Pups with severe wounds (23% of affected animals) had swollen perineal areas and signs of secondary systemic bacterial infection. We propose that seagulls on Guafo Island have learned to consume remains of blood and parasites in the faeces of pups affected by hookworm infection, causing perineal wounds during this process. We conclude that this perineal wounding is an unintentional, occasional negative effect of an otherwise commensal gull–fur seal relationship.
Data from: Orographic lift shapes flight routes of gulls in virtually flat landscapes
Interactions between landscape and atmosphere result in a dynamic flight habitat which birds may use opportunistically to save energy during flight. However, their ability to utilise these dynamic landscapes and its influence on shaping movement paths is not well understood. We investigate the degree to which gulls utilise fine scale orographic lift created by wind deflected upwards over landscape features in a virtually flat landscape. Using accelerometer measurements and GPS tracking, soaring flight is identified and analysed with respect to orographic lift, modelled using high-resolution digital elevation models and wind measurements. The relationship between orographic lift and flight routes suggests gulls have advanced knowledge of their aerial surroundings and the benefits to be gained from them, even regarding small features such as tree lines. We show that in a landscape constantly influenced by anthropogenic change, the structure of our landscape has an aerial impact on flight route connectivity and costs.
Data from: Age-specific patterns of maternal investment in common gull egg yolk
While the general patterns of age-specific changes in reproductive success are quite well established in long-lived animals, we still do not know if allocation patterns of maternally-transmitted compounds are related to maternal age. We measured yolk testosterone, carotenoids and vitamins A and E levels in a population of known-aged common gulls (Larus canus) and found an age-specific pattern in yolk lutein and vitamin A concentrations. Middle-aged mothers allocated more of these substances to yolk compared to young and old mothers. These results can be explained through differences in age-specific foraging, absorption, or deposition patterns of carotenoids and vitamins into yolk. If these molecules play a role in antioxidant defense and immune modulation, our results suggest a possible physiological pathway behind the age-specific changes in reproductive success of long-lived birds in the wild.
Data from: Hatching hierarchy but not egg-related effects governs behavioral phenotypes in gull chicks
In many bird species that practice parental care, siblings often compete for resources and care provided by their parents, although their strategies differ according to hatching rank and condition. Differences in offspring strategies are generally attributed to hatching order and maternal effects, which are difficult to separate because these effects are often correlated. For example, third-hatched chicks of large gull species receive more egg testosterones and corticosterone, which influence early behavioral patterns. In this study, we carried out a cross-fostering experiment with first- and last-laid eggs of the yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) to test whether the within-brood variation in behavioral strategies for competing with siblings and coping with stress are due to maternal effects or to hatching order. Chicks hatched in the last position within the experimental brood emitted more chatter calls to attract parents' attention, were less prone to respond to warning of danger, and had a lower breathing rate while restrained than first-hatched chicks. Egg laying order did not affect chick behaviors or breathing rate. Thus, we concluded that the different behavioral strategies of chicks were determined by their posthatching experience and not by the original egg position within the clutch. Last-laid eggs were smaller and chicks from those eggs grew slower than chicks from first-laid eggs. Independently of the original laying order, chicks that hatched first in the experimental brood grew faster than their siblings. Overall, our results indicate that behavioral strategies of chicks are plastic and influenced by their early social experience.
DELTATRACK - Herring gulls (Larus argentatus, Laridae) and lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus, Laridae) breeding at Neeltje Jans (Netherlands)
<p><em>DELTATRACK - Herring gulls (Larus argentatus, Laridae) and lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus, Laridae) breeding at Neeltje Jans (Netherlands)</em> is a bird tracking dataset published by the <a href="https://www.inbo.be/en">Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)</a>. It contains animal tracking data for the project/study <strong>DELTATRACK</strong>, using trackers developed by Ornitela (<a href="https://www.ornitela.com">https://www.ornitela.com</a>). The study has been operational since 2020. In total 99 individuals of European herring gull (<em>Larus argentatus</em>) and lesser black-backed gull (<em>Larus fuscus</em>) have been tagged in the breeding colony at Neeltje Jans in the Netherlands, mainly to study their use of offshore waters near the Borssele windpark. Data are automatically synced with Movebank and from there periodically archived on Zenodo (see <a href="https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking">https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking</a>).</p> <h2>Files</h2> <p>Data in this package are exported from Movebank study <a href="https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1258895879">1258895879</a>. Fields in the data follow the <a href="http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB">Movebank Attribute Dictionary</a> and are described in <code>datapackage.json</code>. Files are structured as a <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Package</a>. You can access all data in R via <code>https://zenodo.org/records/15696782/files/datapackage.json</code> using <a href="https://frictionlessdata.github.io/frictionless-r/">frictionless</a>.</p> <ul> <li><strong>datapackage.json</strong>: technical description of the data files.</li> <li><strong>DELTATRACK-reference-data.csv</strong>: reference data about the animals, tags and deployments.</li> <li><strong>DELTATRACK-gps-yyyy.csv.gz</strong>: GPS data recorded by the tags, grouped by year.</li> </ul> <h2>Acknowledgements</h2> <p>This dataset was collected by the Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Waardenburg Ecology, Buijs Eco Consult and Deltamilieu Projecten. Funding was provided by the Wozep programme of Rijkswaterstaat on behalf of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands. All datasets from Wozep will be made publicly available, unless stated otherwise.</p>
Processed GPS tracks for breeding Herring Gulls from four colonies in the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada
<p>Opportunist gulls use anthropogenic food subsidies, which can bolster populations, but negatively influence sensitive local ecosystems and areas of human settlement. In the eastern Gulf of Maine, Canada, breeding herring gulls <em>Larus argentatus </em>have access to resources from aquaculture, fisheries, and mink farms, but the relative influence of industry on local gull populations is unknown. In 2014, 2015, and 2019, we acquired and processed tracking data from GPS devices on 39 incubating herring gulls at four colonies with access to resources within the Canadian portion of the eastern Gulf of Maine marine and watershed ecosystem: three island colonies in Nova Scotia: Bon Portage (43.47°N, 65.75°W), Whitehead (43.66°N, 65.87°W), Brier (44.26°N, 66.38°W), and one island colony in New Brunswick: Kent (44.58°N, 66.76°W). The data in this repository were processed according to the methods provided in the article indicate below, and were used to address three main objectives (a) assess use of natural and anthropogenic habitats by herring gulls from multiple colonies, (b) evaluate variation among colonies in use of distinct resource types within these habitats, and (c) highlight areas of high gull:industry interaction. The results are published in the journal Wildlife Biology (doi: 10.2981/wlb.00804).</p>
Data from: A game-theoretical model of kleptoparasitic behaviour in an urban gull (Laridae) population.
Kleptoparasitism (food stealing) is a significant behaviour for animals that forage in social groups as it permits some individuals to obtain resources whilst avoiding the costs of searching for their own food. Evolutionary game theory has been used to model kleptoparasitism, with a series of differential equation based compartmental models providing significant theoretical insights into behaviour in kleptoparasitic populations. In this paper we apply this compartmental modelling approach to kleptoparasitic behaviour in a real foraging population of urban gulls (Laridae). Field data was collected on kleptoparasitism and a model developed that incorporated the same kleptoparasitic and defensive strategies available to the study population. Two analyses were conducted: 1. An assessment of whether the density of each behaviour in the population was at an equilibrium. 2. An investigation of whether individual foragers were using Evolutionarily Stable Strategies (ESS) in the correct environmental conditions. The results showed the density of different behaviours in the population could be at an equilibrium at plausible values for handling time and fight duration. Individual foragers used aggressive kleptoparasitic strategies effectively in the correct environmental conditions but some individuals in those same conditions failed to defend food items. This was attributed to the population being composed of three species that differed in competitive ability. These competitive differences influenced the strategies that individuals were able to use. Rather than gulls making poor behavioural decisions these results suggest a more complex three-species model is required to describe the behaviour of this population.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.