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394 results for “hazard”
A global map of species at risk of extinction due to natural hazards
<p>An often-overlooked question of the biodiversity crisis is how natural hazards contribute to species extinction risk. To address this issue, we explored how four natural hazards: earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, and volcanoes, overlapped with the distribution ranges of amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles that have either narrow distributions or populations with few mature individuals. To assess which species are at risk from these natural hazards, we combined the frequency and magnitude of each natural hazard to estimate a probability of impact. We considered species at risk if they overlapped with regions where any of the four natural hazards historically occurred (n = 3,722). Those species with at least a quarter of their range subjected to a high probability of impact were considered at high risk (n = 2,001) of extinction due to natural hazards. In total, 834 reptiles, 617 amphibians, 302 birds, and 248 mammals were at high risk and they were mainly distributed on islands and in the tropics. Hurricanes (n = 983) and earthquakes (n = 868) affected the most species, while tsunamis (n = 272), and volcanoes (n = 171) affected considerably fewer. The region with the highest number of species at high risk was the Pacific Ring of Fire, especially due to volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis, while hurricane-related high-risk species were concentrated in the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and northwestern Pacific Ocean. Our study provides important information regarding the species at risk due to natural hazards and can help guide conservation attention and efforts to safeguard their survival.</p>
Evaluation of flood hazards in data-sparse coastal lowlands: highlighting the Ayeyarwady Delta (Myanmar)
<p>This folder includes datasets that were produced to assess flood hazards and exposure in the Ayeyarwady Delta in Myanmar by applying the new standardised, integrative approach of Seeger, K., Peffeköver, A., Minderhoud, P. S. J., Vogel, A., Brückner, H., Kraas, F., Nay Win Oo, Brill, D. (2024):<br>Evaluating flood hazards in data-sparse coastal lowlands: highlighting the Ayeyarwady Delta (Myanmar). Environmental Research Letters.<br>The README includes the names of files to be used for citation as well as a brief explanation when necessary. All processing details are given in the paper and related supplementary material.</p>
Climate Hazards Data Integration and Visualization for the Climate Adaptations Solutions Accelerator through School-Community Hubs
<p><strong>Community engagement in planning is essential for effective and just climate adaptation. However, historically underserved communities are often difficult to reach through traditional means of soliciting public input. The Climate Adaptation Solutions Accelerator (CASA) through School-Community Hubs project identifies public schools as promising sites for building both community engagement and community capacity for climate adaptation. To serve in this role, schools need information about the intersecting threats climate change poses to the communities they serve. The Climate Hazard Dashboard for California Schools is a platform that maps the current and future risks associated with five climate hazards, including wildfire, extreme heat days, wildfire extreme precipitation, flooding, and sea level rise, for the nearly 10,000 public schools serving Kindergarten through Grade 12 students in California. Each hazard is mapped and visualized at the school level, providing an accessible way for administrators, teachers, students, and neighborhoods to explore data reflecting the climate hazards they face, at a scale relevant to their communities. The dashboard also provides an aggregate summary hazard metric. </strong></p>
Supplementary data and code "Wealth over Woe: global biases in hydro-hazard research"
<p>Supplementary data and code "Wealth over Woe: global biases in hydro-hazard research". V0.2</p>
Data for Tropical Cyclones flood hazards and impacts in Beira for study "Exploring coastal climate adaptation through storylines: Insights from Cyclone Idai in Beira, Mozambique"
<p>Data for Tropical Cyclones flood hazards and impacts in Beira for study "Exploring coastal climate adaptation through storylines: Insights from Cyclone Idai in Beira, Mozambique"<br><br><span><a href="../api/records/12664900/draft/files/hmax_idai_ifs_rebuild_bc_hist_rain_surge_noadapt.tiff/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hmax_idai_ifs_rebuild*</a> -> Flood maps<br><a href="../api/records/12664900/draft/files/spatial_idai_ifs_rebuild_bc_3c-hightide_rain_surge_retreat.gpkg/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">spatial_idai_ifs_rebuild*</a> -> Impacts<br></span></p>
Sustainability-Based Long-Term Management of Bridges under Multi-Hazard Exposure
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 17STOKS01. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"Bridges are under deterioration due to various mechanical and environmental stressors. Hydraulic-related hazards (e.g., flood and scour), aggressive environmental conditions, and seismic events (e.g., earthquake) are recognized as the most significant threats to the safety of bridges. In traditional risk assessment methods for structures susceptible to damage due to floods and other natural hazards (e.g., corrosion and seismic events), future hazard predictions are conducted using historic return periods and climate records. However, recent increase in flood intensity in central-southern states indicate that future hazard occurrence rate may not necessarily follow past trends. Accordingly, current design, assessment, and management methodologies should adapt to these changes in order to ensure the satisfactory performance of bridges under the combined or cumulative action of hazards. This project addresses this need by presenting a framework for risk quantification and optimum management of bridges susceptible to damage due to floods, flood induced scour, and other gradual deterioration mechanism (e.g., corrosion and fatigue). Downscaled climate data, adopted from the global climate models, are employed to predict future flood hazard at a given location. Probabilistic simulation is used to quantify the time-dependent failure probability, which subsequently helps quantify the long-term sustainability through the systematic integration of economic, social, and environmental metrics associated with bridge failures. These profiles can be next used to obtain optimum interventions required to extend the service life while maintaining the structural performance above prescribed thresholds."</p>
Strategies for Prioritizing Needs for Accelerated Construction after Hazard Events
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18PPLSU04. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"There is a need for rapid and responsive infrastructure repair and construction after natural disaster events such as hurricanes, wildfires, and tornadoes. These natural disasters often shut down basic infrastructure systems, as experienced recently in several Region 6 states as well as in other states around the country. Accelerated construction practices are often used in these situations to speed up the traditional, and often slow, project delivery process. However, after a natural disaster, several and different types of transportation infrastructure components are in need of inspection, rehabilitation or reconstruction, and transportation agencies are challenged with the task of prioritizing these accelerated projects. This study conducted an extensive literature review of current accelerated methods, infrastructure prioritization practices, and institutional barriers. Interviews with professionals from the transportation industry, including both private and public services, were conducted. Significant input from the railroad industry was used to compare private and public transportation systems responses after disasters. The results of this survey were used to quantify the importance of the accelerate methods and prioritization criteria, and which are the barriers to implement a prioritization model. Lastly, a decision support tool for prioritizing needs for accelerated construction after disaster events, specifically hurricanes and flooding, which commonly affect Region 6, was developed using the data collected."</p>
Postseismic Deformation Due to the 2021 MW 7.4 Maduo (China) Earthquake and Implications for Regional Rheology and Seismic Hazards around the Bayan Har block
<p><span>input.sh: Model input file in RELAX to simulate the coupled afterslip and viscoelastic contributions in the study of Tian et al. (2024), EPSL</span></p> <p><span>****.txt: Observed postseismic time series following the 2021 MW 7.4 Maduo (China) Earthquake</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span>Title: Postseismic Deformation Due to the 2021 MW 7.4 Maduo (China) Earthquake and Implications for Regional Rheology and Seismic Hazards around the Bayan Har block</span></p>
Supplementary Material for the paper entitled "Identifying Difficult Environmental Conditions with Scenario-based Hazard and Fault Analysis"
<p>This dataset is a supplementary material for the paper entitled "Identifying Difficult Environmental Conditions with Scenario-based Hazard and Fault Analysis", accepted by SafeComp Workshop SASSUR 2024.</p> <p>The file will be uploaded after a publication process is accomplished.</p> <p>Update: list of triggering conditions is uploaded on 14.10.2024</p>
Operational Dataset for Phased Array Radar Network for Natural Hazard Monitoring and Warnings in Urban Environments over the Greater Bay Area, China
<p>This is the dataset for the BAMS paper: Operational Phased Array Radar Network for Natural Hazard Monitoring and Warnings in<br>Urban Environments over the Greater Bay Area, China</p> <p>Due to policy restrictions, long-term data cannot be openly shared. Access to these data requires further arrangements through a formal agreement. For inquiries regarding data access, please contact us to discuss the terms and conditions.</p>
Spatial slip rate distribution along the SE Xianshuihe fault, eastern Tibet, and earthquake hazard assessment
<p><strong><em>Table 2: </em></strong><em><sup>10</sup></em><em>Be surface-exposure ages of Zheduotang (ZDT) and Moxi (MX) sites of the SE Xianshuihe fault.</em></p>
Exposure, hazard and vulnerability all contribute to Schistosoma haematobium re-infection in northern Senegal
<p>The risk of infectious diseases, including snail-borne schistosomiasis, is determined by three interrelated components: exposure, hazard and vulnerability. For schistosomiasis, exposure occurs through behaviors involving water contact, but not without the environmental hazard of snails and parasites in the water. Socio-economic vulnerability makes it difficult to reduce exposure in the presence of hazard, because it increases reliance on hazardous activities and environments. We aimed to quantify the contributions of exposure, hazard and vulnerability to schistosome re-infection presence and intensity. We used cross-sectional parasitological data from 821 school-aged children in 13 villages along the Senegal River, survey data from 411 households where those children resided and ecological data from all 24 village water contact sites. We fit mixed-effects logistic and negative binomial regressions with indices of exposure, hazard and vulnerability as explanatory variables of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> infection, along with demographic control variables. Multi-model inference was used to determine the relative importance of each component of risk and model averaging was used to quantify associations between infection outcomes and indices of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. The most important component of <i>S. haematobium </i>presence was hazard (Ʃw<sub>i =</sub> 0.95), followed by vulnerability (Ʃw<sub>i</sub> = 0.91), while the most important component of <i>S. haematobium </i>intensity was exposure (Ʃw<sub>i</sub> = 1.00), followed by hazard (Ʃw<sub>i</sub> = 0.77). Hazard was positively associated with infection presence (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.12, 1.97), while exposure was positively associated with infection intensity. Our findings highlight how social (exposure and vulnerability) and environmental (hazard) processes act together to facilitate the acquisition and accumulation of schistosome infection from the environment across time and space. This approach can inform targeting of social and environmental interventions as complements to mass drug administration.</p>
PUDL Raw Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Annual Natural Gas Report
<p>Annual reports submitted to PHMSA from gas distribution, gas gathering, gas transmission, liquefied natural gas, and underground gas storage system operators. Annual reports include information such as total pipeline mileage, facilities, commodities transported, miles by material, and installation dates. Archived from <a href="https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/gas-distribution-gas-gathering-gas-transmission-hazardous-liquids">https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/gas-distribution-gas-gathering-gas-transmission-hazardous-liquids</a></p> <p>This archive contains raw input data for the Public Utility Data Liberation (PUDL) software developed by <a href="https://catalyst.coop">Catalyst Cooperative</a>. It is organized into <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Packages</a>. For additional information about this data and PUDL, see the following resources:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/catalyst-cooperative/pudl">The PUDL Repository on GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="https://catalystcoop-pudl.readthedocs.io">PUDL Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/communities/catalyst-cooperative/">Other Catalyst Cooperative data archives</a></li> </ul> <p> </p>
Woerthersee sediment core data for the publication "Validation of seismic hazard curves using a calibrated 14 ka lacustrine record in the Eastern Alps, Austria"
<p>This dataset comprises sediment core data of Wörthersee, a lake in the Eastern European Alps, Austria. Together with a dataset comprising the seismic data (10.5281/zenodo.6479186), this is the basis for the publication Daxer et al. "Validation of seismic hazard curves using a calibrated 14 ka lacustrine record in the Eastern Alps, Austria".</p> <p>The files contain the following data:</p> <ul> <li>Core images Long Cores.zip: Core images of the Wörthersee Kullenberg-type long cores acquired with an ITRAX core scanner</li> <li>Core images Short Cores.zip: Core images of the Wörthersee gravity short cores (hammer-coring or trigger cores of the Kullenberg system) acquired with an ITRAX core scanner; provided as .tif files</li> <li>CT data WOER18-L5-X-Dicom.zip: X-ray computed tomography data acquired with a Siemens SOMATOM Definition AS (voxel size 0.2 x 0.2 x 0.3 mm); provided in DICOM format</li> <li>MSCL data.zip: Data acquired with a Geotek Multi-sensor core logger (e.g. magnetic susceptibility and gamma density); provided as Excel spreadsheets</li> <li>XRF data.zip: X-ray fluorescence data acquired with a ITRAX core scanner; provided in .csv format</li> </ul>
Hazardous and contaminated sites within salt marsh migration corridors in Rhode Island, USA
<p>These data on salt marsh migration corridors and hazardous and contaminated sites in Rhode Island support a project analyzing their overlap for the use of marsh restoration practitioners and HCS remediation specialists. </p> <p>As salt marshes attempt to migrate upland due to sea level rise, they will encounter many kinds of land development and infrastructure in highly populated, urbanized coastal communities. Hazardous and contaminated sites (HCSs) -- facilities and infrastructure that store, use, or release harmful substances -- are particularly concerning obstacles to salt marsh migration because of their potential to release contaminants if their structural integrity is compromised. Inventorying HCSs within migration pathways can inform coastal resilience planning. To understand what kinds of HCSs migrating marsh may encounter in Rhode Island, USA, we inventoried sites from federal and state sources, assigned contaminant hazard rankings to most sites, and overlayed them with projected marsh migration corridors. We found that HCSs are extensive across marsh migration corridors in the state, especially in urban areas. Among the most common HCSs in and around Rhode Island salt marshes are stormwater outfalls, underground storage tanks, and facilities registered with EPA’s Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) or EPA’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). These sites pose varying hazards to human and aquatic life if breached, with some sites representing little or no threat but most posing some degree of hazard to their surroundings. This coastal HCSs inventory can inform prioritization and management of coastal salt marshes subject to accelerated sea level rise. Management decisions such as allowing marsh migration, implementing adaptation actions to build salt marsh elevation, or erecting physical barriers at marsh sites will influence future salt marsh extent, marshes’ ability to provide ecosystem services, and public health exposures to toxic releases. In addition, as Rhode Island and other coastal states work to promote coastal resiliency, this type of inventory can inform decisions about which HCSs to prioritize for remediation and other climate adaptation actions. Marsh migration is just one potential consequence of sea level rise, so many of the considerations outlined here are widely applicable to the broader goal of preparing coastal communities for rising seas.</p>
Measurements of natural radioactivity levels and associated radiation hazard indices in Moringa plant leaf samples from selected areas in southern Ethiopia.
<p>Moringa stenopetala (MS) is a multipurpose tree whose leaf is consumed by people of all ages in southern Ethiopia. In this study, natural radioactivity levels of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th, and <sup>40</sup>K, as well as the related dangerous radiological characteristics, were measured on different sites of moringa samples using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry. Average activity concentrations of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th, and <sup>40</sup>K in moringa leaves are found to be 0.49 ± 0.12, 3.84 ± 1.12, and 573.29 ± 26.79 Bq.kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Moreover, the average values of the corresponding radiological parameters, Ra<sub>eq</sub>, H<sub>int</sub>, and annual effective dose (E<sub>ave</sub>) (sum), were also found to be 50.13 ± 3.79 Bq.kg<sup>-1</sup>, 0.136 ± 0.010, and 0.238 ± 0.089 mSvy<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. When the obtained results for all of the samples were compared to globally accepted criteria, they were discovered to be lower than the allowable world average levels. Furthermore, the lifetime cancer risk was revealed to be far lower than the allowable limit. According to the study, the risk of absorbing natural radionuclides from moringa leaf ingestion is insignificant. The findings can be utilized to create radiation safety norms and regulations for the use of moringa leaves as food and medication.</p>
Data from: Hazard and catch composition of ghost fishing gear revealed by a citizen science clean-up initiative
<p><span>Ghost fishing, the continued catch of fishes and invertebrates by lost fishing gear, represents an animal welfare issue as well as a waste of both potential food and ecosystem resources. Fishing gear is lost by both commercial and recreational fishers, and management authorities often lack an overview of gear loss and subsequently potential impact on coastal populations. </span><span>To investigate the hazard and catch composition of lost fishing gear along the Norwegian coast</span><span>, recreational divers in collaboration with scientists conducted systematic reporting of retrieved lost fishing gear. </span><span>Through this citizen science project,</span><span> a total of 12,101 gear items were retrieved and reported, including traps, gillnets and fyke nets. Combining both data on the catch ratio of the gear and its relative quantity, we identified the five most hazardous gear types to be parlor traps, gillnets, fyke nets, wrasse traps and square collapsible traps. The parlour trap was the most hazardous trap, due to high catchability and quantity. The correct classification of gear type could not be confirmed in 2.8 – 6.1 % of the pictures taken by divers, depending on reporting format, and divers reported the wrong gear type in 1.4 % of the reports. Brown crab (<em>Cancer</em> <em>pagurus</em>) was the species most often found in retrieved gear. Furthermore, the vulnerable species European lobster (<em>Homarus</em> <em>gammarus</em>) and Atlantic cod (<em>Gadus</em> <em>morhua</em>) were also common. These results can inform future clean up-initiatives and management responses to ghost fishing, including preventive measures against gear loss and gear restrictions and customization. </span></p>
Pretrained models and results for "Thunderstorm nowcasting with deep learning: a multi-hazard data fusion model"
<p>This dataset contains the pretrained model weights and precomputed results for the paper "Thunderstorm nowcasting with deep learning: a multi-hazard data fusion model" submitted to <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>. A preprint of the paper can be found at <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01001">https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01001</a>.</p> <p>The ML code can be found at <a href="https://github.com/MeteoSwiss/c4dl-multi">https://github.com/MeteoSwiss/c4dl-multi</a>. Download all the files here and extract the contents to the following subdirectories in the ML code directory:</p> <ul> <li>Results (<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/d4829f50-55fd-4d86-b875-7f2b91dba74f/c4dl-results-lightningdl.zip?versionId=54046830-4c7e-48c6-af42-d6d5606af86b">c4dl-results-lightningdl.zip</a>) -> results/</li> <li>Pretrained models (<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/d4829f50-55fd-4d86-b875-7f2b91dba74f/c4dl-models-lightningdl.zip?versionId=364bca7c-e6ad-4ed9-9264-57c759ea0ac6">c4dl-models-lightningdl.zip</a>) -> models/</li> <li>If you want to train models, data (<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/0cfc0cf4-755a-4618-8341-39b107a3901c/c4dl-patches-2020-additional.zip">c4dl-patches-2020-additional.zip</a>) -> data/2020/</li> </ul> <p>Additionally, you will need the datasets from <a href="https://zenodo.org/deposit/6802292">this Zenodo archive</a>. Follow the instructions there for downloading.</p>
Case study n°10 : From hazards in Senegal to migrants' integration in the City of Paris, Impact Chain model
<p>The case work led to the development of two correlated impact chains. The <em>first</em> impact chain (“risk sender”) models the components of the decision to migrate for rural Senegalese, accounting for hazard occurrence as well as the exposure and vulnerability. The outcome of the individual arbitrage is migration (internal or international), or immobility (willing or trapped). The <em>second</em> impact chain (“risk receiver”) considers the integration process for international migrants, accounting for the exposure and vulnerability of Paris in multiple dimensions (economic, social, cultural, linguistic, residential).</p>
WP5.1 Stochastic and Empirical Multi-Hazard Event Sets for Europe: Earthquake Stochastic Event Set for Europe (ISO3166 code)
<p>Stochastic event set of earthquake ground motion sets, and respective event catalogue. The whole event set covers 10.000 years.<br> Ground motion provided as PGA and spectral components for [0.2s, 0.5s, 1.0s, 2.0s]. <br> csv files follow xyz-structure. Each column (except 1 and 2) represent an earthquake.<br> longitude/latitude/{Magnitude}_PGA{PGAmax}/...</p> <p>For spectral component, the final results were filtered removing events with maximum groundmotions <0.001g. </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.