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222 results for “head morphology”
Fig. 7 in Head morphology of Osmylus fulvicephalus (Osmylidae, Neuroptera) and its phylogenetic implications
Fig. 7 Osmylus fulvicephalus, labium, ventral view. Labels: mt = mentum, pg = palpiger, pl = palpus labialis, pmt = prementum, sa = sensory area, smt =submentum
Fig. 10 in Head morphology of Osmylus fulvicephalus (Osmylidae, Neuroptera) and its phylogenetic implications
Fig. 10 Strict consensus tree of 26 minimum-length trees (185 steps, CI 0.6). Bremer support values shown encircled above branches, bootstrap values below branches
Fig. 9 in Head morphology of Osmylus fulvicephalus (Osmylidae, Neuroptera) and its phylogenetic implications
Fig. 9 Osmylus fulvicephalus, head, cross sections. a Level of subosephageal ganglion. b Level of posterior labium. c Level of cervix. Labels: oes= oesophagus, ph=pharynx, soeg=suboesophageal ganglion, tb=tentorial bridge, tr= tracheae, 11= M. craniomandibularis internus, 12= M. craniomandibularis externus, 17= M. tentoriocardinalis, 18=M. tentoriostipitalis, 20=M. stipitolacinialis, 28=M. submentopraementalis, 29 = M. tentoriopraementalis inferior, 42 =M. tentoriohypopharyngalis, 51= M. verticopharyngalis
Fig. 2 in Head morphology of Osmylus fulvicephalus (Osmylidae, Neuroptera) and its phylogenetic implications
Fig. 2 Osmylus fulvicephalus, head, SEM images. a Ventral view. b Mouthparts, ventral view; upper arrow points to appendage of galea, lower arrow to sensory area on labial palp. c Dorsal view. d Lateral view. Labels: ca = cardo, cl = clypeus, cpe= compound eye, dlf = dorsolateral longitudinal furrow, ga =galea, lbr= labrum, loccl =lateral
FIGURE 1. Neonauclea connicalycina live morphology. A. Flowering and fruiting heads. B. Immature flowering heads. C in Neonauclea connicalycina: a new myrmecophytic species of Naucleeae (Rubiaceae) from Cebu, Philippines
FIGURE 1. Neonauclea connicalycina live morphology. A. Flowering and fruiting heads. B. Immature flowering heads. C. Terminal vegetative bud enclosed by adpressed stipules. Photos taken by A.J. Taradji.
FIGURES 40–57. Ptycerata spp. Heads. 40–42. P in A review of the Palearctic Ptycerata Ely, 1910 (= Caulastrocecis Chrétien, 1931 syn. nov.) based on morphology (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
FIGURES 40–57. Ptycerata spp. Heads. 40–42. P. furfurella, male, Russia (Sarepta). 43–45. P. gypsella, female, France. 46–48. P. cryptoxena, male, Crimea. 49–51. P. sumpichi sp. nov., male, Italy. 52–57. P. transbaikalica sp. nov., female, Russia (Kyra).
FIGURE 2. Male head morphology. A in Mountains in the central highlands of Kenya
FIGURE 2. Male head morphology. A— male (NMK L/3071/12), Kinangop Peak; B—T. schubotzi (NMK L/2325), Mt. Kenya; C—T. nyirit, Cherangani Hills (NMK L/3166/1). T. nyirit differs from Kinangop Peak specimens in having a prominent rostral process and elevated casque. T. schubotzi differs from the Kinangop Peak specimens in having an angular snout profile, present as a short rostral process in many individuals, and enlarged scales across the entire temporal region.
FIGURES 1–5. Austrocyphon head morphology. 1, 2, A in Australian Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) 4. Two new genera, Austrocyphon and Tasmanocyphon
FIGURES 1–5. Austrocyphon head morphology. 1, 2, A. robustus sp. n., head in dorsal and ventral views. 3–5, A. linguatus sp. n.: 3, labrum, mandibles and left antenna; 4, maxillary palpus; 5, labium, in ventral view. All to the same scale.
FIGURES 1−9. Calvarium spp., head morphology. 1–5, C in Australian Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). 6. Genera Calvarium Pic, Papuacyphon Zwick, and Ypsiloncyphon Klausnitzer
FIGURES 1−9. Calvarium spp., head morphology. 1–5, C. (C.) australiense, n. sp.; 6–9, C. (Calvariellum) hamifer, n. sp.: 1, 6, ventral views of mounted heads; 2, left mandible, dorsal view; 3, labrum; 4, maxillary palpus; 5, labium; 7, frontal view, slightly from ventral side, diagrammatic, right antenna removed; 8, maxillary palpus; 9, labial palpus. Figures 2–5 and 8, 9 to the same scale, respectively; Fig. 7 not to scale. Abbreviations: af, antennal foramen; as, accessory suture; asu, antennal sulcus; la, labrum; md, mandible; sgr, subgenal ridge; sor, subocular ridge; trs, transverse suture.
FIGURES 19–21. Mymaridae head structures. 19a in The morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera): an atlas of scanning electron micrographs. Part 1. General overview and structure of the head
FIGURES 19–21. Mymaridae head structures. 19a, head, posterior; 19b, tentorium; 20, tentorium; 21a, section through transverse trabecula; 21b, enlargement of 21a. Acronyms explained in Appendix 1.
Highly variable (no clear pattern). All portions of the dorsal views were equally used. In head images the area around the eye, the top of the head, the snout and the throat were all used in similar proportions. P. carbonelli Variable for both views. Snout and middle of the dorsum used in dorsal view. Top of the head most frequently (but not strictly) used in lateral view. P. guadarramae Whole body used for dorsal view (but variable); either throat (most common) or ear region used in head lateral views. P. hispanicus Variable. Anterior portion of snout used more frequently than in other species for both dorsal and head lateral views. P. liolepis Highly variable. Whole body used in most dorsal images, area around the eye and throat used in head lateral views, but other patterns common. P. lusitanicus Highly variable. All parts of the dorsum used (but frequently the most posterior part); area around the ear frequently used in head lateral images. P. tunesiacus Highly variable. Dorsal area near the insertion of the posterior limbs used more frequently than in other species; different regions of the head used, often simultaneously. P. Ʋaucheri Highly variable. Different regions of dorsum (from head to the posterior region) used in dorsal images, all portions of the head, but most frequently the throat, used in lateral images. P. Ʋirescens Highly variable. All parts of both images used. Head and anterior part of the dorsum more used than in other species. in Identification of morphologically cryptic species with computer vision models: wall lizards (Squamata: Lacertidae: Podarcis) as a case study
Highly variable (no clear pattern). All portions of the dorsal views were equally used. In head images the area around the eye, the top of the head, the snout and the throat were all used in similar proportions. P. carbonelli Variable for both views. Snout and middle of the dorsum used in dorsal view. Top of the head most frequently (but not strictly) used in lateral view. P. guadarramae Whole body used for dorsal view (but variable); either throat (most common) or ear region used in head lateral views. P. hispanicus Variable. Anterior portion of snout used more frequently than in other species for both dorsal and head lateral views. P. liolepis Highly variable. Whole body used in most dorsal images, area around the eye and throat used in head lateral views, but other patterns common. P. lusitanicus Highly variable. All parts of the dorsum used (but frequently the most posterior part); area around the ear frequently used in head lateral images. P. tunesiacus Highly variable. Dorsal area near the insertion of the posterior limbs used more frequently than in other species; different regions of the head used, often simultaneously. P. Ʋaucheri Highly variable. Different regions of dorsum (from head to the posterior region) used in dorsal images, all portions of the head, but most frequently the throat, used in lateral images. P. Ʋirescens Highly variable. All parts of both images used. Head and anterior part of the dorsum more used than in other species.
Highly variable. Mid-portion of the dorsum used frequently (although other areas as well). Tip of the snout used often, but area around the ear and throat are also relevant. P. carbonelli Variable. In the dorsal view, the tip of the snout is frequently used. In the head lateral view, the tip of the snout is also com- monly used, as well as the most posterior region of the head. P. guadarramae Variable. Mid portion of the dorsum and tip of the snout are the regions used more frequently in dorsal and head lateral views, respectively. P. hispanicus Variable. The head and most anterior part of the dorsum are frequently used in the dorsal view. Snout and/or top of posterior region of head used. P. liolepis Variable. Different parts of the dorsum are used, whereas the tip of the snout is used in most head lateral images. P. lusitanicus Anterior dorsum, in the dorsal view, and both snout and posterior side of the head (in head lateral views) frequently used. P. tunesiacus Variable. Tip of the snout and posterior part of the trunk more used than in other species; snout and top head region behind the eye used with some frequency. P. Ʋaucheri Highly variable. All parts of the dorsum used in dorsal images, various parts of the head (but frequently snout and throat combined) used in head lateral images. P. Ʋirescens Highly variable. All portions of the dorsum used in dorsal images, region around and behind the ear more used than in other species for head lateral images. in Identification of morphologically cryptic species with computer vision models: wall lizards (Squamata: Lacertidae: Podarcis) as a case study
Highly variable. Mid-portion of the dorsum used frequently (although other areas as well). Tip of the snout used often, but area around the ear and throat are also relevant. P. carbonelli Variable. In the dorsal view, the tip of the snout is frequently used. In the head lateral view, the tip of the snout is also com- monly used, as well as the most posterior region of the head. P. guadarramae Variable. Mid portion of the dorsum and tip of the snout are the regions used more frequently in dorsal and head lateral views, respectively. P. hispanicus Variable. The head and most anterior part of the dorsum are frequently used in the dorsal view. Snout and/or top of posterior region of head used. P. liolepis Variable. Different parts of the dorsum are used, whereas the tip of the snout is used in most head lateral images. P. lusitanicus Anterior dorsum, in the dorsal view, and both snout and posterior side of the head (in head lateral views) frequently used. P. tunesiacus Variable. Tip of the snout and posterior part of the trunk more used than in other species; snout and top head region behind the eye used with some frequency. P. Ʋaucheri Highly variable. All parts of the dorsum used in dorsal images, various parts of the head (but frequently snout and throat combined) used in head lateral images. P. Ʋirescens Highly variable. All portions of the dorsum used in dorsal images, region around and behind the ear more used than in other species for head lateral images.
Data from: Head-turning morphologies: evolution of shape diversity in the mammalian atlas-axis complex
Mammals flex, extend, and rotate their spines as they perform behaviors critical for survival, such as foraging, consuming prey, locomoting, and interacting with conspecifics or predators. The atlas-axis complex is a mammalian innovation that allows precise head movements during these behaviors. While morphological variation in other vertebral regions has been linked to ecological differences in mammals, less is known about morphological specialization in the cervical vertebrae, which are developmentally constrained in number but highly variable in size and shape. Here, we present the first phylogenetic comparative study of the atlas-axis complex across mammals. We used spherical harmonics to quantify 3D shape variation of the atlas and axis across a diverse sample of species, and performed phylogenetic analyses to investigate if vertebral shape is associated with body size, locomotion, and diet. We found that differences in atlas and axis shape are partly explained by phylogeny, and that mammalian subclades differ in morphological disparity. Atlas and axis shape diversity is associated with differences in body size and locomotion; large terrestrial mammals have craniocaudally elongated vertebrae, while smaller mammals and aquatic mammals have more compressed vertebrae. These results provide a foundation for investigating functional hypotheses underlying the evolution of neck morphologies across mammals.
FIGURE 28 in Head and otolith morphology of the genera Hymenocephalus, Hymenogadus and Spicomacrurus (Macrouridae), with the description of three new species
FIGURE 28. Hymenocephalus italicus: A, D—MCZ 43049, A—Lateral view of head, D—Dorsal view of head. B, E—ZMUC P373417, B—Lateral view of head, E—Dorsal view of head. C, F—IORAS 00225, C—Lateral view of head, F—Dorsal view of head. G–H—USNM 109502, G—Ventral view of head and trunk, H—detail view of posterior lens of ventral luminescent organ. I–P—Otoliths, I–K, N–P—Inner faces, L—Ventral view, M—Anterior view, I—MCZ 43020, J—MCZ 52949, K–M—IORAS 00226, N—MCZ 51404, O—ZMUC P.23-8-1890, P—USNM 109502.
FIGURE 15 in Head and otolith morphology of the genera Hymenocephalus, Hymenogadus and Spicomacrurus (Macrouridae), with the description of three new species
FIGURE 15. Hymenocephalus sazonovi: A–F—Holotype, ZMMGU-P 18128, TL 84+ mm, A—Photo (by M. Krag), B—Lateral view of head, C—Dorsal view of head, D—Anterior view of otolith, E—Inner face of otolith, F—Ventral view of otolith.
APPENDIX III. Morphological measurements taken for the right side of the head. in Revised taxonomy and distributions of Costa Rican moss salamanders (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Nototriton), with descriptions of new taxa
APPENDIX III. Morphological measurements taken for the right side of the head.
Figure 6 in Head morphology reflects the introduction history in a globally invasive carnivore-the small Indian mongoose
Figure 6. Disparity in cranial and mandibular shape.
Figure 4. Cranial and mandibular shape assignments from the k in Head morphology reflects the introduction history in a globally invasive carnivore-the small Indian mongoose
Figure 4. Cranial and mandibular shape assignments from the k-NN analyses.
Figure 3 in Head morphology reflects the introduction history in a globally invasive carnivore-the small Indian mongoose
Figure 3. Linear discriminant analyses of cranial and mandibular shape from the sampled localities.
FIGURE 7. Cheiracanthus murchisoni head and branchial region morphology. 1, 2, NMS G.1884.60.3 from Tynet Burn. 3, NMS G.2019.9.24 from Cruaday Quarry, Orkney. 4, NRM P1651 from Gamrie, sclerotic ring. 5, NRM P1654 from Tynet Burn, sclerotic ring. 6, NMS G.2000.65.2 from Tynet Burn. 7, NMS G.2019.14.2 from Tynet Burn. 8, 9, NRM P1560 in A redescription of the three longest-known species of the acanthodian Cheiracanthus from the Middle Devonian of Scotland
FIGURE 7. Cheiracanthus murchisoni head and branchial region morphology. 1, 2, NMS G.1884.60.3 from Tynet Burn. 3, NMS G.2019.9.24 from Cruaday Quarry, Orkney. 4, NRM P1651 from Gamrie, sclerotic ring. 5, NRM P1654 from Tynet Burn, sclerotic ring. 6, NMS G.2000.65.2 from Tynet Burn. 7, NMS G.2019.14.2 from Tynet Burn. 8, 9, NRM P1560 from Gamrie: 8, detail of branchiostegal rays; 9, impression of spiracular valve. Scale bars equal 10 mm in 1, 3, 6, 7; 5 mm in 4, 5; 2 mm in 8, 9. addf adductor muscle fossa; artc, articular cotylus; br, branchiostegal rays; ch, ceratohyal; gr, gular rays; Mc, Meckel's cartilage; pdbr, posterodorsal branchiostegal rays; pq, palatoquadrate; pqv, palatoquadrate vacuity; pregl, preglenoid process; scl, sclerotic plate; t-l, tooth-like elements. Arrows indicate anterior.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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