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Text-fig. 4. Pyracantha pseudococcinea sp. nov. a: Holotype, Inv.-No. 3470-3, scale bar 5 mm; b: Inv.-No. 11034, scale bar 5 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18279, scale bar 5 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18372, scale bar 5 mm. in New Leaf Species From The Upper Miocene Flora Of The Leaf-Bearing Wischgrund Clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)

Text-fig. 4. Pyracantha pseudococcinea sp. nov. a: Holotype, Inv.-No. 3470-3, scale bar 5 mm; b: Inv.-No. 11034, scale bar 5 mm; c: Inv.-No. 18279, scale bar 5 mm; d: Inv.-No. 18372, scale bar 5 mm.

Text-fig. 7. Dehmicyon n. gen. schlosseri (DEHM, 1950), from Wintershof-West, Germany. a: BSP 13562, mandible (holotype), a1 – right hemimandible in buccal view, a2 – occlusal view, a3 – left p4–m2 in occlusal view; b: BSP 12365, left maxilla fragment with M1 in occlusal view; c: BSP 13562, left maxilla fragment with P3 broken, P4–M2 and M3 alveolus (holotype) in occlusal view; d: BSP 12343 left maxilla fragment with P4, alveolus for M1, M2 and M3 alveolus in occlusal view. in The Amphicyoninae (Amphicyonidae, Carnivora, Mammalia) Of The Early Miocene From Tuchořice, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 7. Dehmicyon n. gen. schlosseri (DEHM, 1950), from Wintershof-West, Germany. a: BSP 13562, mandible (holotype), a1 – right hemimandible in buccal view, a2 – occlusal view, a3 – left p4–m2 in occlusal view; b: BSP 12365, left maxilla fragment with M1 in occlusal view; c: BSP 13562, left maxilla fragment with P3 broken, P4–M2 and M3 alveolus (holotype) in occlusal view; d: BSP 12343 left maxilla fragment with P4, alveolus for M1, M2 and M3 alveolus in occlusal view.

Text-fig. 15. Photomicrographs of thin sections of holotype BP/16/1738, Sorindeioxylon gorongosense gen. et sp. nov. from Muaredzi site 5, Gorongosa, Mozambique. a: TS, note the irregularly spaced and very narrow bands of parenchyma and mostly solitary vessel elements; b: TS at higher magnification with narrow rays; c: radial longitudinal section (RLS), rather oblique but shows the alternate, small-to-medium inter-vessel pits; d: tangential longitudinal section (TLS), rays are 1–3 cells wide but maintain the same width. Small arrow towards the right hand ray indicates a prismatic crystal in the ray cell; e: TLS rays with fibres in between; f: RLS showing mixed ray cells (upright, square and procumbent) poorly preserved. in Stratigraphy, Chronology And Palaeontology Of The Tertiary Rocks Of The Cheringoma Plateau, Mozambique

Text-fig. 15. Photomicrographs of thin sections of holotype BP/16/1738, Sorindeioxylon gorongosense gen. et sp. nov. from Muaredzi site 5, Gorongosa, Mozambique. a: TS, note the irregularly spaced and very narrow bands of parenchyma and mostly solitary vessel elements; b: TS at higher magnification with narrow rays; c: radial longitudinal section (RLS), rather oblique but shows the alternate, small-to-medium inter-vessel pits; d: tangential longitudinal section (TLS), rays are 1–3 cells wide but maintain the same width. Small arrow towards the right hand ray indicates a prismatic crystal in the ray cell; e: TLS rays with fibres in between; f: RLS showing mixed ray cells (upright, square and procumbent) poorly preserved.

Text-fig. 10. Langtonia bisulcata REID et CHANDLER. a, b, e–g: Holotype, V. 22984, from micro-CT data. a: Dorsiventral view surface rendering. b: Dorsiventral view translucent volume rendering showing outline of locule cast. c: Equatorial transverse fracture showing paired dorsal infolds and locules with shape of a ε in cross section, reflected light, V. 22993. d: Digital transverse section from micro-CT data, of fruit with two well developed ε-shaped locules, V. 22985. e–g: Successive digital transverse sections with one well developed ε-shaped locule and infolds of the abortive locule visible in (g) (arrows). h–j: Physical transverse thin sections of specimen from middle Eocene Clarno Formation, Oregon, USA with well-preserved mesocarp including longitudinal canals in (j) (arrows), USNM 424875; Scale bars 0.5 cm in (a, b), 2.5 mm in (c–g), 5 mm in (h), 2 mm in (i), 1 mm in (j); (a, b) share same scale bar; (c, d) share same scale bar; (e, f, g) share same scale bar. in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 10. Langtonia bisulcata REID et CHANDLER. a, b, e–g: Holotype, V. 22984, from micro-CT data. a: Dorsiventral view surface rendering. b: Dorsiventral view translucent volume rendering showing outline of locule cast. c: Equatorial transverse fracture showing paired dorsal infolds and locules with shape of a ε in cross section, reflected light, V. 22993. d: Digital transverse section from micro-CT data, of fruit with two well developed ε-shaped locules, V. 22985. e–g: Successive digital transverse sections with one well developed ε-shaped locule and infolds of the abortive locule visible in (g) (arrows). h–j: Physical transverse thin sections of specimen from middle Eocene Clarno Formation, Oregon, USA with well-preserved mesocarp including longitudinal canals in (j) (arrows), USNM 424875; Scale bars 0.5 cm in (a, b), 2.5 mm in (c–g), 5 mm in (h), 2 mm in (i), 1 mm in (j); (a, b) share same scale bar; (c, d) share same scale bar; (e, f, g) share same scale bar.

Text-fig. 9. Portnallia. a–j: P. bognorensis M.CHANDLER. a–g: Holotype, V. 30421. a: Oblique lateral view with dorsal surface of locule cast facing towards right side. b: Basal view (original illustration from pl. 28, fig. 40 of Chandler 1961). c–g: Micro CT data. c–f: Surface renderings. c: Lateral view with interlocular septum facing forward. d: lateral view with dorsal surface of locule facing forward. e: Basal view. f: Apical view. g: Digital transverse section near equatorial position showing (c) to u-shaped locules. h: Apical view of tetralocular fruit, V. 30423 (original illustration from pl. 28, fig. 42 of Chandler 1961). i: Transverse section of specimen in (h), reflected light. j–o: P. sheppeyensis M.CHANDLER, Holotype V. 30428, here synomomized with P. bognorensis, from micro-CT data. j–m: Surface renderings. j: Lateral view with interlocular septum facing forward. k: Lateral view with dorsal surface of locule facing forward. l: Basal view. m: Apical view. n: Digital equatorial transverse section showing the three preserved locules and extensive cracking due to pyrite decomposition. o: Translucent volume rendering, apical view showing (c) to u-shaped locules. Scale bars 2 mm, bar in (a) applies also to (b), bar in (e) applies to also to (c, d), bar in (g) applies also to (f), bar in (j) applies to applies also to (k–m). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 9. Portnallia. a–j: P. bognorensis M.CHANDLER. a–g: Holotype, V. 30421. a: Oblique lateral view with dorsal surface of locule cast facing towards right side. b: Basal view (original illustration from pl. 28, fig. 40 of Chandler 1961). c–g: Micro CT data. c–f: Surface renderings. c: Lateral view with interlocular septum facing forward. d: lateral view with dorsal surface of locule facing forward. e: Basal view. f: Apical view. g: Digital transverse section near equatorial position showing (c) to u-shaped locules. h: Apical view of tetralocular fruit, V. 30423 (original illustration from pl. 28, fig. 42 of Chandler 1961). i: Transverse section of specimen in (h), reflected light. j–o: P. sheppeyensis M.CHANDLER, Holotype V. 30428, here synomomized with P. bognorensis, from micro-CT data. j–m: Surface renderings. j: Lateral view with interlocular septum facing forward. k: Lateral view with dorsal surface of locule facing forward. l: Basal view. m: Apical view. n: Digital equatorial transverse section showing the three preserved locules and extensive cracking due to pyrite decomposition. o: Translucent volume rendering, apical view showing (c) to u-shaped locules. Scale bars 2 mm, bar in (a) applies also to (b), bar in (e) applies to also to (c, d), bar in (g) applies also to (f), bar in (j) applies to applies also to (k–m).

Text-fig. 8. Lanfrancia subglobosa E.REID et M.CHANDLER. a–c, e–g: Holotype V. 23014. a: reflected light. b, c: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. a, b: Lateral views with dorsal surface of locule facing forward and locule casts protruding in upper part. c: Apical view. d: Fruit showing two locule casts the dorsal surfaces of which face to the left and the right, V. 30417(1). e–g: Successive digital transverse sections showing four u to v to c-shaped locules from micro-CT data. h: Physical transverse section of specimen in (d). i–k: Physical transverse section, V. 30419 from Herne Bay, blue lines in K indicating limits of fibre layer lining the locule. l: Detail from (h), showing sclerenchyma composing the septa and central axis. m: Transverse section, enlargement from (i), showing anatomy of tissues adjacent to the dorsal infold. Blue lines indicate limits of the fibre layer lining the locule. n: Part of (m) recut, tangential section transecting the dorsal infold (central), both limbs of the locule cast, and peripheral parts of the pericarp on either side. o: Detail from (n), showing anatomy of the infold. Scale bars 5 mm in (a–h) (a–g share the same bar), 3 mm in (i), 1 mm in (j–m), 0.5 mm in (n), 0.2 mm in (o). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 8. Lanfrancia subglobosa E.REID et M.CHANDLER. a–c, e–g: Holotype V. 23014. a: reflected light. b, c: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. a, b: Lateral views with dorsal surface of locule facing forward and locule casts protruding in upper part. c: Apical view. d: Fruit showing two locule casts the dorsal surfaces of which face to the left and the right, V. 30417(1). e–g: Successive digital transverse sections showing four u to v to c-shaped locules from micro-CT data. h: Physical transverse section of specimen in (d). i–k: Physical transverse section, V. 30419 from Herne Bay, blue lines in K indicating limits of fibre layer lining the locule. l: Detail from (h), showing sclerenchyma composing the septa and central axis. m: Transverse section, enlargement from (i), showing anatomy of tissues adjacent to the dorsal infold. Blue lines indicate limits of the fibre layer lining the locule. n: Part of (m) recut, tangential section transecting the dorsal infold (central), both limbs of the locule cast, and peripheral parts of the pericarp on either side. o: Detail from (n), showing anatomy of the infold. Scale bars 5 mm in (a–h) (a–g share the same bar), 3 mm in (i), 1 mm in (j–m), 0.5 mm in (n), 0.2 mm in (o).

Text-fig. 6. Exbeckettia mastixioides (E.REID et M.CHANDLER) comb. nov. from the London Clay. a–f: Holotype, V. 23002, bilocular fruit. a–d: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. a: Apical view. b: Basal view. c: Lateral view with dorsal surface of locule facing forward. d: lateral view with interlocular septum facing forward. e, f: Digital sections from micro-CT data. e: transverse equatorial showing U-shaped locules and distinct dark endocarp (arrows). f: Median longitudinal intercepting both locules. g: lateral view of bilocular fruit with interlocular septum facing forward. V. 23013(3). h: Apical view of bilocular fruit with two exposed locule casts, V. 23013(1). i–l: Fruits in physical transverse section showing U-shaped locules and distinct locule lining. i: Bilocular fruit shown in (g). j: Bilocular fruit, V. 23007. k: Fruit with one locule larger than the other, V. 23006. l: Tetralocular fruit, V. 22993. Scale bar 5 mm in (a–l), bar in (a) applies also to (b–d), bar in (e) applies also to (f), bar in (j) applies to (i–l). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 6. Exbeckettia mastixioides (E.REID et M.CHANDLER) comb. nov. from the London Clay. a–f: Holotype, V. 23002, bilocular fruit. a–d: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. a: Apical view. b: Basal view. c: Lateral view with dorsal surface of locule facing forward. d: lateral view with interlocular septum facing forward. e, f: Digital sections from micro-CT data. e: transverse equatorial showing U-shaped locules and distinct dark endocarp (arrows). f: Median longitudinal intercepting both locules. g: lateral view of bilocular fruit with interlocular septum facing forward. V. 23013(3). h: Apical view of bilocular fruit with two exposed locule casts, V. 23013(1). i–l: Fruits in physical transverse section showing U-shaped locules and distinct locule lining. i: Bilocular fruit shown in (g). j: Bilocular fruit, V. 23007. k: Fruit with one locule larger than the other, V. 23006. l: Tetralocular fruit, V. 22993. Scale bar 5 mm in (a–l), bar in (a) applies also to (b–d), bar in (e) applies also to (f), bar in (j) applies to (i–l).

Text-fig. 5. Mastixiopsis nyssoides KIRCHH. a, b, g–n: Organic preservation. a, b: Lignitic, unpermineralized, early Eocene Dorset Pipe clays at Arne, V. 40762. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 18, fig. 1 of Chandler 1962). b: Transverse fracture, somewhat distorted by compression. c–f: Pyrite permineralization. c: Ventral view, V. 22963(1) from Sheppey, originally listed as Mastixia cantiensis. d: Lateral view, V. 22969 from Sheppey (identified as Mastixia grandis by Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 8). e: Equatorial transverse physical section from (c). f: Equatorial transverse physical section from (d). g: Detail of pericarp from (e), showing endocarp formed of dense fibrous tissue, surrounded by mesocarp of anticlinally oriented larger cells. h: Detail of pericarp from (f). i–n: Type material from Eocene of Riestadt, Germany, MNB. i: Ventral view. j, k: Ventral and apical views of holotype. l: View of the transversely fractured surface from (j) showing horseshoe shaped locule. m: Equatorial transverse physical cut of the specimen in (i); note yellow resin cavity (arrow). n: Scanning electron microscopy of pericarp from (l) with locule lining at lower edge of image. Note dense endocarp tissue composed of small cells (fibres and sclereids), extending about 3/5 of distance to periphery, surrounded by mesocarp of larger, anticlinally oriented cells. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–f), (i–k), 1 mm in (g), 2 mm in (h), 3 mm in (l), m, 250 Μm in (n). Bar in (d) applies also to (c). Bar in (l) also applies to (m). Bar in (i) also applies to (j) and (k). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 5. Mastixiopsis nyssoides KIRCHH. a, b, g–n: Organic preservation. a, b: Lignitic, unpermineralized, early Eocene Dorset Pipe clays at Arne, V. 40762. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 18, fig. 1 of Chandler 1962). b: Transverse fracture, somewhat distorted by compression. c–f: Pyrite permineralization. c: Ventral view, V. 22963(1) from Sheppey, originally listed as Mastixia cantiensis. d: Lateral view, V. 22969 from Sheppey (identified as Mastixia grandis by Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 8). e: Equatorial transverse physical section from (c). f: Equatorial transverse physical section from (d). g: Detail of pericarp from (e), showing endocarp formed of dense fibrous tissue, surrounded by mesocarp of anticlinally oriented larger cells. h: Detail of pericarp from (f). i–n: Type material from Eocene of Riestadt, Germany, MNB. i: Ventral view. j, k: Ventral and apical views of holotype. l: View of the transversely fractured surface from (j) showing horseshoe shaped locule. m: Equatorial transverse physical cut of the specimen in (i); note yellow resin cavity (arrow). n: Scanning electron microscopy of pericarp from (l) with locule lining at lower edge of image. Note dense endocarp tissue composed of small cells (fibres and sclereids), extending about 3/5 of distance to periphery, surrounded by mesocarp of larger, anticlinally oriented cells. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–f), (i–k), 1 mm in (g), 2 mm in (h), 3 mm in (l), m, 250 Μm in (n). Bar in (d) applies also to (c). Bar in (l) also applies to (m). Bar in (i) also applies to (j) and (k).

Text-fig. 1. Diplopanax cacaoides (ZENKER) comb. nov. a–d: [Holotype of Mastixia cantia E.REID et M.CHANDLER, V.22953]. a: Lateral view of longitudinally broken specimen, reflected light. b–d: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. b: Lateral view of longitudinal fracture surface. c: Same specimen rotated to show external surface. d: Enlargement of lower half from (a, b), reflected light. e, f: Specimen figured originally as a paratype of M. cantia, V.22954 (Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 3), reflected light. e: Ventral view with much of the endocarp wall fallen away exposing smooth convex ventral surface of locule cast. f: Transversely fractured surface, showing thick wall of the endocarp, and dehiscence plane leading to the left limb of the locule. g: Transversely sectioned, laterally compressed specimen from Miocene of Wiesa, Germany for comparison, Senckenberg Museum, SM.B. 21034/I. h–j: Digital transverse sections from micro-CT data of the Holotype V.22953. h: Transverse fracture surface from (b), showing curved locule and zone of weakness defining the germination valve (arrow), reflected light. i: Same orientation with clear demarcation of the separation plane of the germination valve (arrow), digital section from micro-CT scan. j: Enlargement from (h). Scale bars 5 mm. in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 1. Diplopanax cacaoides (ZENKER) comb. nov. a–d: [Holotype of Mastixia cantia E.REID et M.CHANDLER, V.22953]. a: Lateral view of longitudinally broken specimen, reflected light. b–d: Surface renderings from micro-CT data. b: Lateral view of longitudinal fracture surface. c: Same specimen rotated to show external surface. d: Enlargement of lower half from (a, b), reflected light. e, f: Specimen figured originally as a paratype of M. cantia, V.22954 (Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 3), reflected light. e: Ventral view with much of the endocarp wall fallen away exposing smooth convex ventral surface of locule cast. f: Transversely fractured surface, showing thick wall of the endocarp, and dehiscence plane leading to the left limb of the locule. g: Transversely sectioned, laterally compressed specimen from Miocene of Wiesa, Germany for comparison, Senckenberg Museum, SM.B. 21034/I. h–j: Digital transverse sections from micro-CT data of the Holotype V.22953. h: Transverse fracture surface from (b), showing curved locule and zone of weakness defining the germination valve (arrow), reflected light. i: Same orientation with clear demarcation of the separation plane of the germination valve (arrow), digital section from micro-CT scan. j: Enlargement from (h). Scale bars 5 mm.

Text-fig. 2. Tectocarya spp. a–n: Tectocarya grandis (E.REID et M.CHANDLER) comb. n. Holotype V.22968. a: Lateral view of broken endocarp, reflected light. b–d: Longitudinal views, surface renderings from micro-CT data. e: Translucent volume renderings. f: Apical view, surface rendering. g: View of transversely broken surface showing curved locule, reflected light. h–n: Successive digital transverse sections. Note septum in the dorsal infold (arrows). o, p: Tectocarya rhenana KIRCHH., Miocene of Germany, dorsal view and transverse section [Holotype of Mastixoidea tectocaryoides KIRCHH., Alfred Mine near Konzendorf, photo by Dieter Mai] (Synonym of T. rhenana MAI, 1993). q: T. rhenana transverse section. from Mine Alfred, Düren, Germany, coll. Claire A. Brown 1952, USNM 355632. r, s: Tectocarya sp. from late Eocene of Post, Oregon, USA, physical transverse section, reflected light. UF279-50014. [Surface views of same specimen shown in Manchester and McIntosh 2007: figs 62, 63]. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–r), 0.5 cm in (s). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 2. Tectocarya spp. a–n: Tectocarya grandis (E.REID et M.CHANDLER) comb. n. Holotype V.22968. a: Lateral view of broken endocarp, reflected light. b–d: Longitudinal views, surface renderings from micro-CT data. e: Translucent volume renderings. f: Apical view, surface rendering. g: View of transversely broken surface showing curved locule, reflected light. h–n: Successive digital transverse sections. Note septum in the dorsal infold (arrows). o, p: Tectocarya rhenana KIRCHH., Miocene of Germany, dorsal view and transverse section [Holotype of Mastixoidea tectocaryoides KIRCHH., Alfred Mine near Konzendorf, photo by Dieter Mai] (Synonym of T. rhenana MAI, 1993). q: T. rhenana transverse section. from Mine Alfred, Düren, Germany, coll. Claire A. Brown 1952, USNM 355632. r, s: Tectocarya sp. from late Eocene of Post, Oregon, USA, physical transverse section, reflected light. UF279-50014. [Surface views of same specimen shown in Manchester and McIntosh 2007: figs 62, 63]. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–r), 0.5 cm in (s).

Text-fig. 3. a–e: Berberis auriolensis sp. nov. a: Oriolo MSF 644, Holotype. b: Oriolo MSF 794, asterisks indicate position of teeth. c: Oriolo MSF 784. d: Oriolo MSF 789. e: Oriolo MSF 790. f–h: Modern leaves of Berberis. f: Berberis amurensis var. japonica modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 0454). g: Berberis koreana modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1646). h: Berberis canadensis modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1670). i: Epimedium cf. praeaspera Oriolo MSF 778, asterisk indicates position of tooth. j: Clematis aff. vitalba Oriolo MSF 630. Scale bars 10 mm (a–j). in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome

Text-fig. 3. a–e: Berberis auriolensis sp. nov. a: Oriolo MSF 644, Holotype. b: Oriolo MSF 794, asterisks indicate position of teeth. c: Oriolo MSF 784. d: Oriolo MSF 789. e: Oriolo MSF 790. f–h: Modern leaves of Berberis. f: Berberis amurensis var. japonica modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 0454). g: Berberis koreana modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1646). h: Berberis canadensis modern leaf (NMNS Cleared Leaf Database specimen T 1670). i: Epimedium cf. praeaspera Oriolo MSF 778, asterisk indicates position of tooth. j: Clematis aff. vitalba Oriolo MSF 630. Scale bars 10 mm (a–j).

Text-fig. 4. Type specimens of Magnolia allasoniae MARTINETTO sp. nov. from the Pliocene locality Ca' Viettone. a1–a4: Holotype (MGPT-PU141081) in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 5) in a black and white print (a1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (a2), ventral view (a3) and dorsal view (a4); b1–b4: Paratype MGPT-PU141082 in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 4) in a black and white print (b1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (b2), ventral view (b3) and dorsal view (b4); c1–c4: Paratype MGPT-PU141083 in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 6) in a black and white print (c1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (c2), ventral view (c3) and dorsal view (c4); d1–d4: Paratype MGPT-PU141084 in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 7) in a black and white print (d1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (d2), ventral view (d3) and internal view (d4). Scale bars 1 mm. in Late Messinian Flora From The Post-Evaporitic Deposits Of The Piedmont Basin (Northwest Italy)

Text-fig. 4. Type specimens of Magnolia allasoniae MARTINETTO sp. nov. from the Pliocene locality Ca' Viettone. a1–a4: Holotype (MGPT-PU141081) in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 5) in a black and white print (a1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (a2), ventral view (a3) and dorsal view (a4); b1–b4: Paratype MGPT-PU141082 in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 4) in a black and white print (b1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (b2), ventral view (b3) and dorsal view (b4); c1–c4: Paratype MGPT-PU141083 in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 6) in a black and white print (c1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (c2), ventral view (c3) and dorsal view (c4); d1–d4: Paratype MGPT-PU141084 in different views, i.e., as originally figured in Martinetto (1995: pl. 1, fig. 7) in a black and white print (d1), in a new digital photograph in basal view (d2), ventral view (d3) and internal view (d4). Scale bars 1 mm.

Text-fig. 3. Mastixia parva E.REID et M.CHANDLER. a–g: Holotype, V. 22972. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 25, fig. 13 of Reid and Chandler 1933), reflected light. b–g: from micro-CT data. b: Dorsal view of specimen in (a) now suffering from encrustation due to pyrite decay; isosurface rendering. c: Translucent volume rendering, dorsal view showing two limbs of the locule and longitudinal groove. d–g: Digital transverse sections at various positions showing c-shaped locule, longitudinal dorsal infold, endocarp wall, and degradational cracks. h, i: V. 22983(1). h: Dorsal view showing longitudinal infold. i: Physical transverse section showing c-shaped locule and longitudinal dorsal infold. Scale bars 5 mm in (a–h), applies also to (b–g), 2 mm in (i). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision

Text-fig. 3. Mastixia parva E.REID et M.CHANDLER. a–g: Holotype, V. 22972. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 25, fig. 13 of Reid and Chandler 1933), reflected light. b–g: from micro-CT data. b: Dorsal view of specimen in (a) now suffering from encrustation due to pyrite decay; isosurface rendering. c: Translucent volume rendering, dorsal view showing two limbs of the locule and longitudinal groove. d–g: Digital transverse sections at various positions showing c-shaped locule, longitudinal dorsal infold, endocarp wall, and degradational cracks. h, i: V. 22983(1). h: Dorsal view showing longitudinal infold. i: Physical transverse section showing c-shaped locule and longitudinal dorsal infold. Scale bars 5 mm in (a–h), applies also to (b–g), 2 mm in (i).

Text-fig. 9. a–d: Nyssidium orientale SAMYLINA, Partizansk, Starosuchan Formation, Barremian, a – spec. BIN 506/3749, general view of four fruits, b1 – spec. BIN 506/3749-1, holotype, b2 – spec. BIN 506/3749-2, c – spec. BIN 506/3749-6, d – spec. BIN 506/3749-5; e–f: Cercidiphyllum sujfunense KRASSILOV, Konstantinovka, Galenki Formation, early-middle Albian, e – spec. IBSS 11-135, fruit, f – spec. IBSS 11-134, leaf, holotype. Scale bar 5 mm in a, e, f and 2 mm in b–d. in Angiosperm Diversification In The Early Cretaceous Of Primorye, Far East Of Russia

Text-fig. 9. a–d: Nyssidium orientale SAMYLINA, Partizansk, Starosuchan Formation, Barremian, a – spec. BIN 506/3749, general view of four fruits, b1 – spec. BIN 506/3749-1, holotype, b2 – spec. BIN 506/3749-2, c – spec. BIN 506/3749-6, d – spec. BIN 506/3749-5; e–f: Cercidiphyllum sujfunense KRASSILOV, Konstantinovka, Galenki Formation, early-middle Albian, e – spec. IBSS 11-135, fruit, f – spec. IBSS 11-134, leaf, holotype. Scale bar 5 mm in a, e, f and 2 mm in b–d.

Text-fig. 10. a–d: Araliaephyllum luciferum (KRYSHT.) GOLOVN., Partizansk, Severosuchan Formation, Aptian, a – spec. TSNIGRM 3013/1, lectotype, b – spec TSNIGRM 3013/2, c – spec. TSNIGRM 3013/4, d – spec. TSNIGRM 3013/3; e, j: Pandanites ahnertii (KRYSHT.) GOLOVN., Konstantinovka, Lipovtsy Formation, Aptian, TSNIGRM 3013/5, e – fragment of leaf margin, j – general view, j1 – lectotype, j2 – leaf, figured in (e); f: Araliaephyllum ussuriense (KRASSILOV) GOLOVN., Andreev Inlet, Frentsevka Formation, early-middle Albian, spec. IBBS 28/103; g: Araliaephyllum vittenburgii GOLOVN. et VOLYNETS, Podgorodenka coalfield, Galenki Formation, early-middle Albian, spec. IBBS 41/1, g1 – spec. IBBS 41/1a, holotype, g2 – spec. IBBS 41/1b; h: Dicotylophyllum sp. 1, Podgorodenka coalfield, Lipovtsy Formation, Aptian, spec. IBBS 28L-4; i: Sapindopsis sp., 3rd Kamenka, Frentsevka Formation, early-middle Albian, spec. IBSS 325/8. Scale bar 5 mm in a–h and 1 cm in i, j. in Angiosperm Diversification In The Early Cretaceous Of Primorye, Far East Of Russia

Text-fig. 10. a–d: Araliaephyllum luciferum (KRYSHT.) GOLOVN., Partizansk, Severosuchan Formation, Aptian, a – spec. TSNIGRM 3013/1, lectotype, b – spec TSNIGRM 3013/2, c – spec. TSNIGRM 3013/4, d – spec. TSNIGRM 3013/3; e, j: Pandanites ahnertii (KRYSHT.) GOLOVN., Konstantinovka, Lipovtsy Formation, Aptian, TSNIGRM 3013/5, e – fragment of leaf margin, j – general view, j1 – lectotype, j2 – leaf, figured in (e); f: Araliaephyllum ussuriense (KRASSILOV) GOLOVN., Andreev Inlet, Frentsevka Formation, early-middle Albian, spec. IBBS 28/103; g: Araliaephyllum vittenburgii GOLOVN. et VOLYNETS, Podgorodenka coalfield, Galenki Formation, early-middle Albian, spec. IBBS 41/1, g1 – spec. IBBS 41/1a, holotype, g2 – spec. IBBS 41/1b; h: Dicotylophyllum sp. 1, Podgorodenka coalfield, Lipovtsy Formation, Aptian, spec. IBBS 28L-4; i: Sapindopsis sp., 3rd Kamenka, Frentsevka Formation, early-middle Albian, spec. IBSS 325/8. Scale bar 5 mm in a–h and 1 cm in i, j.

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Supplementary material S5. Ptilodactyla odnosum Telnov, Perkovsky, Kundrata and Bukejs sp. nov., holotype, MAIG-6710, female, X-ray micro-CT volume rendering of the left antenna.

Supplementary material S5 in paper: Telnov D., Perkovsky E.E., Kundrata R., Kairi&scaron;s K., Vasilenko D.V., Bukejs A. Revealing Palaeogene distribution of the Ptilodactylidae (Insecta: Coleoptera): the first Ptilodactyla Illiger, 1807 records from Rovno amber of Ukraine. Historical Biology.

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Supplementary material S4. Ptilodactyla odnosum Telnov, Perkovsky, Kundrata and Bukejs sp. nov., holotype, MAIG-6710, female, X-ray micro-CT volume rendering of the habitus.

Supplementary material S4 in paper: Telnov D., Perkovsky E.E., Kundrata R., Kairi&scaron;s K., Vasilenko D.V., Bukejs A. Revealing Palaeogene distribution of the Ptilodactylidae (Insecta: Coleoptera): the first Ptilodactyla Illiger, 1807 records from Rovno amber of Ukraine. Historical Biology.

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Figure 1. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 1. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735, combined slab, with outlines of skull bones (outlines by D. Scott, made prior to Kissel and Reisz, 2004, Fig. 2; now exposed as embedded counter slab) and a disarticulated skeleton of the diapsid reptile Petrolacosaurus kansensis (shaded areas); a – angular; ar – articular; c – vertebra centrum; cau – caudal neural arch; cle – cleithrum; co – anterior coracoid; cp – cultriform process of parasphenoid–basisphenoid complex; cr – cervical rib; d – dentary; dr – dorsal rib; h – humerus; n – nasal; na – presacral neural arch; pal – palatine; pc – posterior coronoid; pm – premaxilla; pra – prearticular; ps – parasphenoid–basisphenoid complex; pt – pterygoid; qj – quadratojugal; sa – surangular; sc – scapula; soc – supraoccipital; sp – splenial; v – vomer.

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Figure 3. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735 in New information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy of the early synapsid Ianthodon schultzei (Sphenacomorpha: Sphenacodontia), and its evolutionary significance

Figure 3. Ianthodon schultzei holotype KUVP 133735. (a) Redocumented skull; (b) dislocated premaxillae. Fr – frontal; j – jugal; l – lacrimal; m – maxilla; p – parietal; po – postorbital; pof – postfrontal; pp – postparietal; prf – prefrontal; sq – squamosal; st – supratemporal; t – tabular.