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124 results for “iguana”
Figure 5 from: Breuil M, Schikorski D, Vuillaume B, Krauss U, Daltry JC, Gaymes G, Gaymes J, Lepais O, Bech N, Jelić M, Becking T, Grandjean F (2022) Iguana insularis (Iguanidae) from the southern Lesser Antilles: An endemic lineage endangered by hybridization. ZooKeys 1086: 137-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.76079
Figure 5 Hybrid iguanas IGU139 A and IGU141 B from the island of St. Vincent. (see text for more information) 1. medium (B) to large subtympanic plate (A) 2. mosaic of small scales 3. low number of small neck tubercles 4. no horn (A) or very short horns (B) 5. no white visible in the eye 6. yellowish-brown eye (A) or light brown eye (B) 7. grey-green coloration (A, B) or green-black coloration (B). None of these morphological features conform with the characteristics of I. insularis insularis.
Figure 4 from: Breuil M, Schikorski D, Vuillaume B, Krauss U, Daltry JC, Gaymes G, Gaymes J, Lepais O, Bech N, Jelić M, Becking T, Grandjean F (2022) Iguana insularis (Iguanidae) from the southern Lesser Antilles: An endemic lineage endangered by hybridization. ZooKeys 1086: 137-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.76079
Figure 4 AIguana insularis sanctaluciae hatchlings (northeast Saint Lucia) B hatchling I. insularis insularis (IGU143, Union Island, Grenadines). The I. insularis hatchlings in both A and B show strong dark green to light green banding on the body and the tail, with a white mark at the scapular level C hatchlings alien I. rhinolopha in Florida. These iguanas have a nearly uniform green body with only some brown narrow banding on the body.
Figure 3 from: Breuil M, Schikorski D, Vuillaume B, Krauss U, Daltry JC, Gaymes G, Gaymes J, Lepais O, Bech N, Jelić M, Becking T, Grandjean F (2022) Iguana insularis (Iguanidae) from the southern Lesser Antilles: An endemic lineage endangered by hybridization. ZooKeys 1086: 137-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.76079
Figure 3 Photographs of three adult male Iguana insularis insularis on the Tobago Cays (Grenadine Islands). A IGU105 (Baradal). This male has the typical coloration of I. insularis insularis with faint black banding, eye with visible white area, nasal horns, small subtympanic plate and very few and small tubercles on the neck, but also presents atypical sublabial scales and conical scales on the nape B IGU112 (Petit Rameau) is a typical older male I. insularis insularis, with no black bands on the body (not shown in this photograph) C IGU110 (Petit Bateau) has a body with small and narrow ventral black bands and numerous black scales on the body. 1. relatively small subtympanic plate 2. mosaic of small scales 3. very low to low number of small neck tubercles 4. lateral and median horns 5. white visible in the eye. 6. brown eye 7. light cream coloration in old adults; green in juveniles and younger adults 8. light dewlap with some black scales (C) 9. small number of small gular spikes (not always visible on the photographs) 10. light body with different degrees of persistence of black stripes 11. light and high dorsal spikes with a pink or orange hue.
Figure 2 from: Breuil M, Schikorski D, Vuillaume B, Krauss U, Daltry JC, Gaymes G, Gaymes J, Lepais O, Bech N, Jelić M, Becking T, Grandjean F (2022) Iguana insularis (Iguanidae) from the southern Lesser Antilles: An endemic lineage endangered by hybridization. ZooKeys 1086: 137-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.76079
Figure 2 Distribution of iguanas in the Grenadine Islands (modified from Henderson and Powell 2018; Breuil et al. 2019). Note there are alien iguanas on some islands and not all of the island clusters shown here have purebred populations of I. insularis insularis. The grey line south of St. Vincent marks the break between the Saint Vincent Bank to the north and the Grenada Bank to the south. The black line between Petit St. Vincent and Petit(e) Martinique shows the political boundary between St. Vincent and the Grenadines to the north and Grenada to the south. The Grenadine Islands form an archipelago from the south of St. Vincent to the north of Grenada. Almost all the Grenadine Islands in St. Vincent and the Grenadines were surveyed during this work and, with the exception of Savan Island, had iguanas at the time of our visits. Petit Mustique was inaccessible during our survey. The islets of Sugar Loaf, Green Island,c and Sandy Island (all in Grenada) are reported to no longer have iguanas (Henderson and Powell 2018) but iguanas fitting the morphology of I. insularis insularis have been observed on Carriacou and Mabouya Islands (see text).
Figure 1 from: Breuil M, Schikorski D, Vuillaume B, Krauss U, Daltry JC, Gaymes G, Gaymes J, Lepais O, Bech N, Jelić M, Becking T, Grandjean F (2022) Iguana insularis (Iguanidae) from the southern Lesser Antilles: An endemic lineage endangered by hybridization. ZooKeys 1086: 137-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.76079
Figure 1 A distribution of the five Iguana species recognized by Breuil et al. (2020). The Lesser Antilles contain three endemic species (I. delicatissima, I. insularis, I. melanoderma) and the invasive aliens I. iguana and I. rhinolopha, which hybridize with the endemic insular taxa. The grey line between Central and South America indicates the approximate limit between the two recognized continental species, but the taxonomy and distribution of iguanas in this area warrants further investigation B the three geological banks referred to in this paper are separated by two horizontal dash black lines. The black line indicates the political boundary between the country of St. Vincent and the Grenadines to the north and Grenada to the south. The iguanas are named according to the results of this study and Breuil et al. (2020).
Data from: Vascular patterns in iguanas and other squamates: blood vessels and sites of thermal exchange
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Genome complexity reduction and high throughput sequencing of green iguana (Iguana iguana) cause a paradigm shift in understanding sex chromosomal linkages on homomorphic X and Y sex chromosomes
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Figure 10 from: Breuil M, Schikorski D, Vuillaume B, Krauss U, Morton MN, Corry E, Bech N, Jelić M, Grandjean F (2020) Painted black: Iguana melanoderma (Reptilia, Squamata, Iguanidae) a new melanistic endemic species from Saba and Montserrat islands (Lesser Antilles). ZooKeys 926: 95-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.926.48679
Figure 10 Iguana melanoderma sunbathing at dawn on the Windward coast of Saba.
Figure 2 in Is Geckobiella stamii (Acari: Pterygosomatidae) a hyperparasite or phoretic on Amblyomma dissimile (Acari: Ixodidae) associated with Iguana iguana from Panama?
Figure 2 Egg covers ofGeckobiella stamii attached to the ventral surface of Amblyomma dissimile.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of iguana Brachylophus Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands
FIGURE 7. Photo of preserved female paratype of Brachylophus gau sp. nov., (BMNH 55.8.16.1) collected during September 1854 by John MacGillivray on Gau Island. Photo by Sam Fisher.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of iguana Brachylophus Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands
FIGURE 1. Map showing location of Gau Island, the only known location for this iguana species. No further details mapped due to sensitive nature of the records.
FIGURE 9 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 9. Horned iguanas from the Central American clade of the "rhinolopha" phenotype. Photographed from invasive introduced populations in the Lesser Antilles: old male caught in Saint Lucia (A). young male caught on Saint Maarten (B); Annotations: 1. Huge subtympanic plate, 2 to 3 times the size of the eardrum. 2. A half crown of sublabial scales around the subtympanic plate and the first scale anterior to subtympanic plate. 3. Mosaic of sublabial scales. 4. Swelling of the jowls in breeding male. 5. Generally 2-3 small median horns and no lateral horns. 6. Flat small horns. 7. Triangular nostril. 8. Yellow to dark orange eye with not the white visible. 9. Triangular gular spikes. 10. Number of gular spikes ± 10. 11. Nuchal tubercles appear to be organised in rows. 12. High number of nuchal tubercles. 13. Very large nuchal tubercles. 14. Yellow, orange to red dorsal scales on the whole body in breeding males. 15. Variable size and colour of the dewlap but often large and not uniform black (cf. I. iguana sanctaluciae) or creamy white (cf. I. iguana insularis). 16. Body orange to red in breeding males, green in other individuals, and not heavily banded. This phenotype is recognised in this paper as a full species, I. rhinolopha, native to Central America (see text).
FIGURE 5 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 5. Nasal horns of Iguana iguana insularis ssp. nov. View of the snout of IGU75 (A) and IGU77 (B) from Palm Island (same individuals as Fig. 4). Annotations: 0. Frontal scale not developed into a horn. 1. Median horns with enlarged bases. 2. Lateral horns. 3. Oval prominent nostril. Note the differing forms and disposition of cephalic scales, and that IGU75 (a younger male) has flat scales whereas IGU77 (an older, larger male) has more prominent scales.
FIGURE 6 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 6. Distribution of iguanas in the Grenadine islands. Locations are mapped to the nearest 2 × 2 km square representing groups of islands in the Grenadines. We have deliberately avoided being specific to protect the animals (see Auliya et al. 2016). Note that there are alien iguanas on some islands and not all of the island clusters shown here have purebred populations of Iguana iguana insularis. We have no confirmed specific localities for the main island of Grenada, although a museum specimen (MCZ R-79747) confirms this subspecies occurred here. Henderson & Breuil (2012), Henderson & Powell (2018), Baldwin (2012) and Baldwin & Mahon (2011), G. Gaymes and J. Daltry (pers. obs.; the Grenadines). While iguanas are present on St. Vincent, these have not been identified to subspecies level and cannot be assumed to be identical to those on the Grenada Bank. The grey line just south of St Vincent marks the brake between the St. Vincent Bank to the north and the Grenada Bank to the south. The black line between Petit Saint Vincent and Petit(e) Martinique shows the political boundary between St. Vincent and the Grenadines to the north and Grenada to the south. The Grenadine islands form an archipelago from the south of St. Vincent to the north of Grenada.
FIGURE 3 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 3. Holotype of Iguana iguana insularis ssp. nov. MCZ X-17620/R-79057 © Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. © President and Fellows of Harvard College. Specimen in alcohol with discolouration. Annotations: 1. Small size of subtympanic plate ± 10-20% of the eardrum. 2. Two or three scales of decreasing size anterior to subtympanic plate. 3. Juxtaposed elongated sublabial scales 5. Median and lateral horns on the snout. 6. Horns with enlarged bases. 7. Oval and prominent nostrils. 9. Flat and triangular gular spikes. 10. Six gular spikes. 11. Scattered nuchal tubercles. 12. Low number of nuchal tubercles. 13. Small size of nuchal tubercles. 15. Dewlap of medium size.
FIGURE 8 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 8. Ontogenetic change in colour of Iguana iguana sanctaluciae. Young male (A), old male (B). Annotations: 1. Small subtympanic plate ± 10% of the eardrum. 2. Two or three scales of decreasing size anterior to subtympanic plate. 3. Low number of sublabial scales with black margins. 4. No swelling of the jowls in breeding males. 5. Lateral and median horns. 6. Median horns with enlarged bases. 7. Oval to rounded nostril. 8. Brown eye with the white of the eye visible. 9. Triangular gular spikes. 10. 7 gular spikes. 11. Dispersed nuchal tubercles. 12. Low number of nuchal tubercles. 13. Small size of nuchal tubercles. 14. Orange in first dorsal spikes in breeding animals. 15. Entirely black dewlap in old adults. 16. Body and tail black and bright green in young individuals and very light green to almost pale greenish grey in old adults. Old individuals may look nearly "black and white". The brilliant colouration of the young male results from the flash of the camera.
FIGURE 13 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 13. Median-Joining haplotype network. Based on 23 mtDNA sequences of Iguana (21 from this study, 2 from Gen- Bank). Black circles are median vectors that represent extinct or unsampled haplotypes. Numbers of mutational steps are indicated by hatch marks.
FIGURE 16 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 16. STRUCTURE bar plot showing admixture coefficient of each individual to the three inferred genetic clusters. This bar plot was produced using the DISTRUCT program (Rosenberg 2004).
FIGURE 11 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 11. Distribution of iguanas on Saint Lucia. Locations are mapped to the nearest 1×1 km square. Data come from Morton et al. (2007). Grey squares, Saint Lucia endemic iguana, Black squares, alien iguana from Central America clade. "False absences" were minimized by interviewing persons about iguana presence in grid squares confirmed independently, through sightings and captures by us, to have iguanas present. We rejected some reported sightings of native iguanas, shown here as open grid squares, as being iguanas captured for food or pets or reports based on misidentification (for example on the islet of Maria Major off the far south of Saint Lucia; J. Lazell, in litt. 2010). Some of the reports that were accepted from the interior of the northern half of Saint Lucia may also be suspect, though they are all below 300 m ASL. These patterns of distribution suggest that the mountainous interior of Saint Lucia may create at least a partial barrier to direct east-west movements of iguanas.
FIGURE 1 in A story of nasal horns: two new subspecies of Iguana Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (southern Lesser Antilles)
FIGURE 1. Drawing by Provancher (1890) of a stuffed iguana on Saint Lucia. Provancher identified it as Iguana delicatissima (see text), but the body and tail seem to have vertical black stripes, and there are small and scattered tubercular nape scales, and no subtympanic plate. There is no tympanum and no nasal horns on this drawing, which also shows a forked tongue.
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