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126 results for “morphological disparity”
Figure 3 from: Veeravechsukij N, Krailas D, Namchote S, Wiggering B, Neiber MT, Glaubrecht M (2018) Molecular phylogeography and reproductive biology of the freshwater snail Tarebia granifera in Thailand and Timor (Cerithioidea, Thiaridae): morphological disparity versus genetic diversity. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 461-493. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.28981
Figure 3 Biometrical parameters (a) and position of landmarks (b). Abbreviations: height of shell (h), width of shell (w), length of aperture (la), width of aperture (wa), height of body whorl (hbw) and height of last three whorls (l3w).
Figure 11 from: Veeravechsukij N, Krailas D, Namchote S, Wiggering B, Neiber MT, Glaubrecht M (2018) Molecular phylogeography and reproductive biology of the freshwater snail Tarebia granifera in Thailand and Timor (Cerithioidea, Thiaridae): morphological disparity versus genetic diversity. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 461-493. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.28981
Figure 11 Composition of contents of the subhemocoelic brood pouches of female Tarebiagranifera (Lamarck, 1816) (a) and proportions of gravid animals, i.e. those with brood pouch containing juveniles or other stages, and non-gravid specimens (b) from Thailand grouped according to rivers. For colour coding, see the inset legends.
Figure 10 in Morphological disparity in a hyperdiverse mammal clade: a new morphotype and tribe of Neotropical cricetids
Figure 10. Rhagomyini: current schematic geographic range in South America.
Thesis: Morphological disparity across clades: Correlates, limitations and alternatives – Chapter 6: What determines disparity in avian clades?
<p><span>Morphological disparity is an aspect of avian evolution that remains understudied and has rarely been quantified explicitly, despite its importance for inferring patterns of avian evolution. </span><span>Morphological and molecular data are now routinely used both in combination and in isolation to infer phylogeny and to study evolutionary rates. Similarly, parallel studies of phylogeny, diversity and morphological disparity are now commonplace in both the neontological and palaeontological literature </span><span>(Giribet, 2015; Bromham et al., 2002; Hopkins and Gerber, 2017; Deline et al., 2018; Prum et al., 2015)</span><span>. </span><span>Most recently, the concept of molecular disparity has been introduced as an analogue of morphological disparity</span>, alt<span>hough there are few studies that attempt to deploy it </span><span>(Deline et al., 2018; van den Ende et al., 2022)</span><span>. This chapter addresses ten related questions using the largest available morphological and molecular data set for birds. </span></p>
Data from: Comparable disparity in the appendicular skeleton across the fish-tetrapod transition, and the morphological gap between fish and tetrapod postcrania
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Data from: The environmental structure of trilobite morphological disparity
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Data from: Morphological and biomechanical disparity of crocodile-line archosaurs following the end-Triassic extinction
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Data from: Comparing taxonomic and geographic scales in the morphologic disparity of Ordovician through Early Silurian Laurentian Crinoids
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Data from: Do cladistic and morphometric data capture common patterns of morphological disparity?
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Data from: New information on Brindabellaspis stensioi Young, 1980, highlights morphological disparity in Early Devonian placoderms
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Thesis: Morphological disparity across clades: Correlates, limitations and alternatives – Chapter 6: What determines disparity in avian clades?
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Data from: Eutherian morphological disparity across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction
In the aftermaths of mass extinction events, during radiations of clades, and in several other evolutionary scenarios, there is often a decoupling of taxonomic diversity and morphological disparity. The placental mammal radiation after the end-Cretaceous mass extinction is one of the archetypal adaptive radiations, but the change in morphological disparity of the entire skeleton has never been quantified across this important boundary. We reconstruct ancestral morphologies of 680 discrete morphological characters onto dated phylogenies of 177 mostly Cretaceous and Palaeogene eutherians (placental mammals and their stem relatives). Using a new approach to incorporate morphologies representing ghost lineages, we assess three measures of morphological disparity (sum of ranges, sum of variances and mean pairwise dissimilarity) across stage-level time bins within the Cretaceous and Palaeogene. We find that the range-based metric suggests that eutherian disparity increased immediately after the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, while both variance-based metrics declined from the Campanian to the Maastrichtian, but showed no change in disparity from the Maastrichtian to the Puercan – the first North American Land Mammal Age of the Paleocene. Increases in variance-based metrics lag behind the range-based metric and per-lineage accumulation rate, suggesting that the response of mammals to the Cretaceous–Palaeogene event was characterized by an early radiation that increased overall morphospace occupation, followed later by specialization that resulted in increased dissimilarity.
Data from: The role of preservation on the quantification of morphology and patterns of disparity within Paleozoic echinoderms
The loss of information resulting from taphonomic degradation could represent a significant bias in the study of morphological diversity. This potential bias is even more concerning given the uneven effect of taphonomy across taxonomic groups, depositional facies, and stratigraphic successions and in response to secular changes through the Phanerozoic. The effect of taphonomic degradation is examined using character-based morphological data sets describing disparity in Paleozoic crinoids and blastozoans. Characters were sequentially excluded from the analyses following progressive taphonomic loss to determine how morphologic metrics, such as the relative distribution of taxa in morphospace and partial disparity, changed with increasing taphonomic alteration. Blastozoans showed very little change in these metrics with decreasing preservational quality, which is a result of characters that create distance in morphospace being recognizable in isolated plates. The opposite result is present in crinoids as the characters that are important in structuring the morphospace require intact modules (i.e., the calyx) to accurately assess. Temporal and stratigraphic trends produced encouraging results in that patterns could be largely recovered even with exaggerated taphonomic biases. However, certain parts of a stratigraphic sequence should be avoided and morphological outliers could potentially play a larger role through time, though both of these biases can be easily identified and avoided. The methods presented in this study provide a way to assess potential taphonomic biases in character-based studies of morphological diversity.
Fig. 1 in Morphological disparity in Plio-Pleistocene large carnivore guilds from Italian peninsula
Fig. 1. Landmark configuration on a mandible of Canis lupus, BMNH 34.6.28.47.
Fig. 2 in Morphological disparity in Plio-Pleistocene large carnivore guilds from Italian peninsula
Fig. 2. Plot of the first three RWs in a subset of 57 mandibular corpus data of large carnivores.
Data from: Eutherian morphological disparity across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction
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Data from: The role of preservation on the quantification of morphology and patterns of disparity within Paleozoic echinoderms
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Fig. 1 in Morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of South American Sericini chafers (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) contrasts patterns of morphological disparity and current classification
Fig. 1. Characters illustrated: Heads and mouthparts. A F) Heads, dorsal view; G I) Heads, lateral view; J) Head, ventral view; K L) Maxilla, ventral view; M O) Mentum, ventral view. A) Astaena aequatorialis; B) A. boliviensis; C) A. catharinensis; D) A. fuscipennis; E) A. pilosa; F) A. saylori; G) Miotemna singularis; H) A. santaecrucis; I) A. schneblei; J) A. tridentata; K, M) Sayloria bicoloripes; L, O) Parasymmela amazonica; N) Symmela instabilis. Scale bars: A-I) 1 mm; J) 0.5 mm; K–O) 0.2 mm.
Fig. 12 in New fossil data and phylogenetic inferences shed light on the morphological disparity of Mesozoic Sinoalidae (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha)
Fig. 12 Fifty percent majority-rule consensus tree of Sinoalidae inferred from Bayesian inference analysis based on 34 morphological characters, with representatives of fore- and hind wings illustrated. Numbers above the nodes indicate posterior probabilities. Numbers above branches
Fig. 11 in New fossil data and phylogenetic inferences shed light on the morphological disparity of Mesozoic Sinoalidae (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha)
Fig. 11 Fifty percent majority-rule consensus tree of Sinoalidae inferred from maximum parsimony analysis based on 34 morphological characters. Numbers above the nodes indicate bootstrap support values. Numbers above branches indicate character numbers, and below branches indicate state changes. White circles indicate homoplasious
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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