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opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Variable vertical land motion for sea level rise projections

<h1>Data for Govorcin et al., 2024:  Variable vertical land motion for sea level rise projections [submitted for publication].</h1> Disclaimer: Data is subject to change due to the review process. Repository Contains: <ul> <li> Vertical Land Motion over California <ul> <li>Reference: International Terrestrial Reference System, solution 2014 (ITRF2014)</li> <li>Period: 2015-2023</li> <li>Data Type: GeoTIFF</li> <li>Unit: mm/yr</li> </ul> </li> <li> Vertical Land Motion (Propagated) Formal Uncertainties (Rates Std.) over California <ul> <li>Reference: International Terrestrial Reference System, solution 2014 (ITRF2014)</li> <li>Period: 2015-2023</li> <li>Data Type: GeoTIFF</li> <li>Unit: mm/yr</li> </ul> </li> <li> Vertical Land Motion Temporal Variability over California <ul> <li>Period: 2015-2023</li> <li>Data Type: GeoTIFF</li> <li>Unit: mm/yr</li> </ul> </li> <li> Archive: Output HDF5 (Mintpy format) and GNSS Files <ul> <li>Includes <code>velocity.h5</code>, <code>geometry.h5</code>, <code>gnss_model</code>, <code>calibrated_velocity.h5</code>, <code>CA_3D_rates.h5</code>, and <code>temporal variability</code> per track and merged, projected to vertical. See README for more information.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2>Citation:</h2> If you use this data in your work, research or publication, please cite the following article: Govorcin, M. Bekaert, D., Hamlington, B., Sangha, S., Sweet, W. (2024). Variable Vertical Land Motion for Sea Level Rise Projections, 01 August 2024, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4676043/v1] <h2>Acknowledgment</h2> The research was conducted at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. This research was supported by the Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) project (<a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera</a>), managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and funded by the Satellite Needs Working Group, that is creating remote sensing products to address Earth observation needs across U.S. civilian federal agencies.

Fig. 14 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 14. Grasping pattern of the hand. A. Grasping a bough of the tree; B. Holding a piece of fruit. Sketches are drawn imitating the hand motion shown in movies of NHK BS TV program (Yamagiwa, 2012).

Fig. 13. Knuckle walk. A in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 13. Knuckle walk. A. The trunk tilts backward because of longer forelimbs; B. The knuckle walk of gorillas is walking with MP joints in extension and PIP joints in deep flexion bearing the weight on the dorsal aspects of the middle phalanges of the hands. Sketches are drawn imitating the walking style shown in movies of NHK BS TV program (Yamagiwa, 2012).

Fig. 12 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 12. Dorsal aspect of the metacarpophalangeal joint. A. A shallow groove (white arrows) is seen along the dorsal margin of the articular cartilage of the metacarpal head; B. The dorsal edge of the proximal phalanx base sits in the groove by extending the MP joint passively; C. Grooves are deep enough at the 3rd and 4th metacarpals (white arrows), but not at the 2nd and 5th in the skeletal specimen of another gorilla stored in National Museum of Nature and Science.

Fig. 11. Extensor apparatus and retaining ligaments. A in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 11. Extensor apparatus and retaining ligaments. A. Extensor apparatus consists of two components: extrinsic compornent (dark green) and intrinsic component (light green). Ligamentous structures are shown in orange color. The interosseous hood is the proximal hood-like portion of the aponeurotic expansion of the interosseous tendon (a thick arrow). (modified from Tubiana and Valentin, 1964); B. On the radial side of the middle finger, the interosseous hood is shown. Adherent to the proximal margin of this interosseous hood, a sagittal band expands between DTML and EDC tendon; C. The oblique retinacular ligament (ORL) is well developed at the radial aspect.

Fig. 9. Underdeveloped EIP. A in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 9. Underdeveloped EIP. A small slender muscle sitting at the dorsoradial aspect of the ulna is judged to be underdeveloped EIP muscle although its tendon attaches to the dorsal aspect of the wrist (a white block arrow).

Fig. 7 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 7. Innervation of intrinsic muscles by the radial bundle of UABM. The radial bundle first gives off branches to the hypothenar muscles and to the lumbrical muscles of the little and ring fingers (marked with asterisks), and then to interossei (4th DI, 3rd PI and 3rd DI, 2nd PI).

Fig. 15 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 15. The mechanism to block hyperextension of the MP joint with the function of the sagittal band. A. When the finger is flexed, the sagittal band passes over the joint axis of the metacarpal head in coordination with the distalward movement of the extensor tendon; B. When the MP joint is extended and surpasses the range of extension, the traction force of the finger extensor is blocked with the tightened sagittal band that transmits the force palmarward so that the proximal phalanx base does not move further to hyperextension.

Fig. 5 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 5. Palmar aspect of the proximal phalanx. An osseous crest is seen along each edge of the palmar aspect of the phalanx and the groove is formed between those crests. The head of the proximal phalanx slants palmarward.

Fig. 3. Underdeveloped thumb flexor. A in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 3. Underdeveloped thumb flexor. A. The tendon of the thumb flexor is much thinner than that of FDS or FDP; B. Its muscle belly (uFPL) bifurcates from the distal portion of FDP muscle of the index finger; C. Pulling FDP index finger at its myotendinous junction with a retractor revealed that the thumb and the index finger were flexed simultaneously.

Fig. 4. Finger flexor sheath and pulley system. A in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 4. Finger flexor sheath and pulley system. A. The entire sheath of the finger flexor of the ring finger is shown with the names of individual pulleys. The very thick and wide A2′ pulley (a white thick arrow) is located between A2 and C1; B. The inner surface of the sheath showing that A2′ pulley is twice as wide as A3.

Fig. 2 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 2. The subcutaneous structures of the palm. A. The palmar aponeurosis is absent except for its most distal parts: natatory ligaments (white arrows); B. The ligamentous fibers (white arrows) arising from the distal margin of the flexor retinaculum; C. Ligamentous septum (a white arrow) along the flexor tendon formed with those ligamentous fibers.

Fig. 10 in Anatomical Study of the Right Forearm and Hand of One Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) for Comparison with Humans with Respect to Motions of the Thumb and Fingers

Fig. 10. The insertions of the first dorsal interosseous muscle. A. The distal portion of the 1st DI muscle is voluminously muscular and passes into the tendinous portion of the interosseous hood at the level of the proximal portion of the proximal phalanx; B. The tendinous insertion to the proximal phalanx base is exposed by reflect- ing the extensor apparatus. The tendon has been divided to explore the deeper structure and then re-sutured.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

X-ray image reconstruction for continuous acquisitions with a generalized motion model: Data

This dataset contains two experimentally measured X-ray scans, one reference scan and one scan in which the object translates while rotating. The reference scan consists of 3600 projection images, with one flat field and dark field image. The roto-translational scan consists of 360 projections, also with a flat field and dark field image. The acquisition files containing all relevant specifications of the scanner and the acquisition settings are also supplied. The code for reconstruction is available at <a href="https://github.com/BenHuyge/RACE">GitHub.</a>

BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 25: The fifth obstacle with 100 robots after passing all robots

The swarm movement and obstacle avoidance are shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 for the first obstacle. Figures 11, 12 and 13 are to present the second obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 are to present the third obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21 are to present the fourth obstacle and its avoidance. Figures 22, 23, 24 and 25 present the fifth obstacle and its avoidance.

BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 24: The fifth obstacle with 100 robots after passing some robots

BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 23: The fifth obstacle with 100 robots before passing any robot

BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 22: Fifth Obstacle (obstacle with two entries that each allow the passing of one robot)

BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 21: The fourth obstacle with 100 robots after passing all robots

BRAIN Journal-Swarm Robotics with Circular Formation Motion Including Obstacles Avoidance-Figure 19: The fourth obstacle with 100 robots before passing any robot