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FIG. 9 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 9. — Tropicoporus tropicalis (M.J.Larsen & Lombard) L.W.Zhou & Y.C.Dai and T. stratificans G.Coelho & Yurchenko: A, T. tropicalis basidioma of URM94078 in situ; B, vertical section of URM94078; C, setae of URM94078 in 3% KOH; D, basidiospores of URM94078 in 3% KOH; E, dried T. stratificans basidioma of URM94063; F, tube trama of URM94063 in CB, immersed rhomboid crystals; G, hymenial setae of URM94063 in 3% KOH; H, basidiospores of URM94063 in 3% KOH. Scale bars: A, B, 5 cm; C, 1 cm; D, 5 mm;

FIG. 8 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 8. — Tropicoporus nullisetus Xavier de Lima, V.R.T. Oliveira & Gibertoni, sp. nov. Holotype (URM94073): A, B, basidioma in situ; C, longitudinal section and the black line bellow the tomentum; D, pore surface; E, origin and end of a skeletal hyphae from the tube trama in 3% KOH; F, basidiospores in 3% KOH; G, cystidioles in CB; H, basidiospores in water. Scale bars: A, B, 5 cm; C, 1 cm; D, 5 mm; E-H, 10 μm.

FIG. 7 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 7. — Tropicoporus linteus (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) L.W.Zhou & Y.C.Dai: A, dried basidiomata of URM84512; B, longitudinal section of URM84512, black line below the tomentum; C, pileus surface of URM94076; D, pileus surface of URM94048; E, hymenial setae of URM84512 in 3% KOH; F, basidiospores of URM84512 in 3% KOH; Scale bars: A, 2cm; B-D, 1 cm; E, F, 10 μm.

FIG. 6. — Tropicoporus flabellatus V.R.T. Oliveira, J.R.C in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 6. — Tropicoporus flabellatus V.R.T. Oliveira, J.R.C. Oliveira-Filho, Xavier de Lima & Gibertoni, sp. nov. (URM94338): A, dried basidiomata; B, longitudinal section, red arrow pointing to the black line in the context; C, pore surface; D, hymenial setae; E, basidiospores; F, generative hypha with basidia at the end; G, skeletal hypha of the tube trama; H, hyphae of the black line in the context; I, hyphae of the tomentum. All preparations in 3% KOH. Scale bars: A, B, 1cm; C, 5 mm; D-I, 10 μm

FIG. 5 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 5. — Sclerotus extensus (Lév.) Xavier de Lima: A, dried basidiomata of URM87072; B, dried basidiomata of URM89390; C, longitudinal section of the dried basidioma of URM89538, red arrows pointing the black line in the context; D, skeletal of the context in 3% KOH; E, hymenial setae (URM89538) in 3% KOH; F, basidiospores (URM89538) in 3% KOH. Scale bars: A-C, 1 cm; D-F, 10 μm.

FIG. 4. — Inonotus parvisetus V.R.T in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 4. — Inonotus parvisetus V.R.T. Oliveira, Xavier de Lima, Gibertoni, sp. nov. (URM94334): A, B, dried basidiomata of the holotype; C, pore surface; D, longitudinal section of the dried basidioma, red arrow pointing the black line in the context; E, tramal setae; F, basidiospores; G, generative hyphae of the context. All preparations in 3% KOH. Scale bars: A, B, 1 cm; C, 1 mm; D, 5 mm; E-G, 10 μm.

FIG. 2 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 2. — Phylogeny of Inonotus clade from ITS sequences. Topology is from ML analysis, with BT/PP values at the nodes. Only BT above 75% and/or PP above 0.95 are shown. Newly generated sequences are in boldface.

FIG. 1 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 1 (continuation). — [...] values at the nodes. Only BT above 75% and/or PP above 0.95 are shown. Newly generated sequences are in boldface.

FIG. 1 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 1. — Phylogeny of Hymenochaetaceae, with focus on Inonotus clade, inferred from ITS and LSU sequences. Topology is from ML analysis, with BT/PP [...]

FIG. 3 in Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis reveal one new genus and three new species in Inonotus s.l. (Hymenochaetaceae) from Brazil

FIG. 3. — Inonotus micantissimus (Rick) Rajchemb. (URM90186): A, pore surface; B, tramal setae; C, hymenial setae; D, basidiospores. I. rickii (Pat.) Reid (URM94336): E, aspect of the anamorphous stage; F, tramal setae and chlamydospores. All preparations in 3% KOH. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, F, 20 μm; E, 1 cm.

figure 3 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 3 Bayesian inference molecular phylogeny reconstruction of Euphylliidae based on three mitochondrial loci (coi, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA). Numbers at nodes indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (Ẑ0.70), maximum likelihood bootstrap supports (Ẑ70), and maximum parsimony supports (Ẑ70), respectively. Colours and clade names refer to Luzon et al. (2017, 2018).

figure 11 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 11 Extended tentacles of (a) Galaxea fascicularis, (b) Galaxea astreata, (c–d, same colony) Gyrosmilia interrupta, all from Nosy Sakatia, Madagascar. White arrows point at polyp mouths. Scale bars: 1 cm.

figure 10 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 10 Micromorphological and microstructural skeletal characteristics of Coeloseris (C. mayeri, usnm 68296/ zpal H.25/156). Septal faces covered with low but pointed granulae (b, d) arranged in rows more or less parallel to distal and axial septal margin. Between granulae, septal surface only delicately grainy. Septal margin straight composed of sometimes separated but closely-spaced rad s regions (b, d; white-red-outline arrows). Such texture corresponds to straight mid-septal (rads) zone in transversely sectioned septa (c, e) and not well delineated larger bundles of td fibers. a, b, d: sem images of corallum surface; c, e: transmitted light optical images.

figure 7 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 7 Micromorphological and microstructural skeletal characteristics of Gyrosmilia (G. interrupta, kaust SA0080/ zpal H.25/150). Septal faces with low spines forming rows parallel to septa margin; septal surface between with delicately granular textures (b, c). Septal margin straight or slightly undulated (b), composed of closely-spaced rad regions. rad arrangement corresponds to straight or zig-zag mid-septal (rads) zone in transversely sectioned septa (d, e). Bundles of td fibers do not differentiate into distinct packages of fibers (b). a–c: sem images of corallum surface; d, e: transmitted light optical images.

figure 4 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 4 Maximum parsimony morphological phylogeny reconstruction of Euphylliidae based on 23 characters at three levels (macromorphology, micromorphology/microstructure, and polyp structure). Numbers at nodes indicate maximum parsimony bootstrap supports.

figure 2 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 2 In situ (a, d, g, j, m, p, close-up of the tentacles in the inset) and skeleton (b–c, e–f, h–i, k–l, n–o, q–r) images of the taxa examined in this paper. Galaxea astreata: (a, c) unimib–TO MY001, Ile Blanche, Mayotte Island, (b) unimib–TO DJ042, Oblal, Djibouti, (c) unimib–TO DJ325, Ghoubet el Kareb, Djibouti. Galaxea acrhelia: (d–f) unimib PFB166, Masas Island, Madang, Papua New Guinea. Galaxea horrescens: (g–h) ird HS4121, Chesterfield Islands, New Caledonia, (i) unimib pfb 478, Usien Island, Kavieng, Papua New Guinea. Galaxea paucisepta, Prony Bay, New Caledonia: (j–l) ird HS2895. Coeloseris mayeri: (m, o) unimib pfb127, Masas Island, Madang, Papua New Guinea, (n) ird HS1768, Cap Goulvain, New Caledonia. Gyrosmilia interrupta: (p–r) kaust SA0001, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia.

figure 1 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 1 In situ (a, d, g, j, m, p, close-up of the tentacles in the inset) and skeleton (b–c, e–f, h–i, k–l, n–o, q–r) images of the taxa examined in this paper. Euphyllia glabrescens, Papua New Guinea: (a, c) unimib pfb634, Nusalomon Island, Kavieng, (b) unimib pfb435, Nusa Island, Kavieng. Euphyllia cristata, Kavieng, Papua New Guinea: (d–e) unimib pfb 688, Albatross Passage, (f) unimib pfb825. Fimbriaphyllia ancora, Kavieng, Papua New Guinea: (g) unimib pfb756, (h) unimib pfb 427, Nago Island, (i) unimib pfb635, Nusalomon Island. Fimbriaphyllia divisa, New Caledonia: (j–k) ird HS3588, Ilôt Ndié, Pines Island, (l) ird HS3683, Ilot Reynard, Chesterfield Islands. Fimbriaphyllia paradivisa, Hindiyah, Saudi Arabia: (m–n) kaust SA1809, (o) kaust SA1808. Galaxea fascicularis, Ghoubet el Kareb, Djibouti: (p–r) unimib–TO DJ324.

figure 6 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 6 Micromorphological and microstructural skeletal characteristics of Galaxea (part 2). (a–e) G. acrhelia (unimib pfb166/ zpal H.25/148), (f–i) G. paucisepta (ird HS2895/ zpal H.25/149). In G. acrhelia, septal faces show shingles arranged into "persian lamb fur" pattern (b, e). Septal granulae relatively well developed. Septal margin straight or slightly undulated, composed of closely-spaced rad regions (b; white-red-outline arrows). Such texture corresponds to straight mid-septal (rads) zone in transversely sectioned septa (c, d) and well delineated bundles of td fibers that form parallel to each other and oblique to the septal surface packages (c, d, red arrows). Small in diameter corallites of G. paucisepta, development of shingles is not clear; rads or septa straight or zig-zag (h, i). a, b, e: sem images of corallum surface; f, g, i: sem images of etched sections; c, d, h: transmitted light optical images (h, polarised light).

figure 5 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 5 Micromorphological and microstructural skeletal characteristics of Galaxea (part 1). (a–f) G. astreata (unimib pfb 808/ zpal H.25/145, kaust SA1212/ zpal H.25/144), (g–k) G. fascicularis (kaust SA0212/ zpal H.25/146), (l–n) G. horrescens (unimib pfb478/ zpal H.25/147). Septal faces with shingles arranged into unique, meandering "persian lamb fur" pattern (especially in b, c, f). Septal granulae low and widely spaced. Septal margin straight or slightly undulated, composed of closely-spaced not well delineated rad regions (f, h; white-red-outline arrows). Such textures correspond to straight or zig-zag mid-septal (rads) zone in transversely sectioned septa (d, k, l, m, n) and well delineated bundles of td fibers that often form parallel to each other and oblique to the septal surface packages (e, i). In small corallites of G. horrescens, development of shingles is not clear. a–c, f–i: sem images of corallum surface; m–n: sem images of etched sections; d, e, j, k, l: transmitted light optical images.

figure 9 in Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the scleractinian coral family Euphylliidae

figure 9 Micromorphological and microstructural skeletal characteristics of Fimbriaphyllia. (a–e) F. ancora (unimib pfb 804/ zpal H.25/153), (f–i) F. divisa (unimib–TO MY103/ zpal H.25/154), (j–n) F. paradivisa (kaust sa1807/ zpal H.25/155). Septal faces covered with low but pointed granulae arranged in rows parallel to septal margin (a, b, f, j, k). Between granulae, septal surface only delicately grainy. Septal margin undulated composed of weakly individualised (b, c, k, l) or very closely-spaced rad regions (g). Such texture corresponds to zig-zag mid-septal (rad s) zone in transversely sectioned septa (e, i, n; white-red-outline arrows) and not well delineated bundles of td fibers. Left 1st–3rd columns: sem images of corallum surface; 4th column: transmitted light optical images.