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Fig. 4 in From Spinning Silk to Spreading Saliva: Mouthpart Remodeling in Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

Fig. 4. Labio-hypopharyngeal lobe of first (A–E) and second (F, G) instars of MaNdUCa SexTa.The spigot (sp) is more than four times as long as wide and clearly protrudes from the convex, sculptureless distal margin of the spinneret in the first instar (A,B) whereas it is almost as wide as long and obscured by the fringed distal margin of the spinneret in later instars (F, G).Two intrinsic (dm, vm) and one extrinsic (t-pm) muscles of the labio-hypopharyngeal lobe have been observed in all instars with similar configuration and relative size. (A) First instar, ventral view. (B) First instar, dorsal view. (C–E) first instar, ventral view. (F) Second instar, ventral view. (G) Second instar, dorsal view (Unlabeled arrowheads in A, F point to campaniform sensilla; arrowheads in C point to the two bands composing dm) (aca = acanthae, con = concavities on posterior premental margin,dm = dorsal premento-salivarial muscle, gal = galea,lp = labial palp,mp = maxillary palp, pgr = palpiger, pm = prementum,pms = premental stipular setae, sis = proximal sclerite of the spinneret, sp = spigot, t-pm = tentorio-premental muscle, vm = ventral premento-salivarial muscle).

Fig. 3 in From Spinning Silk to Spreading Saliva: Mouthpart Remodeling in Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

Fig. 3. The Lyonet's and labial glands in second (A, C, E) and third (B, D, F) instar larvae of MaNdUCa SexTa. The Lyonet's gland (Lg) is larger in the second instar than in the third instar.The chitinized branch (br) of the labial gland (lsg) is apparently closed.The diameter of the epithelial cell cluster composing the Lyonet's gland is less than half the size of the main branch of the labial gland.

Fig. 1 in From Spinning Silk to Spreading Saliva: Mouthpart Remodeling in Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

Fig. 1. Labio-hypopharyngeal lobe of first (A, B) and third (C, D) instar larvae of MaNdUCa SexTa. The labio-hypopharyngeal lobe (lb) forms the ventral wall of the oral foramen (of) and is adjacent to the maxillae (mx) laterally.The spinneret (spin) is the apicomedian portion of the lobe medial to labial palpi (lp) and the sclerotized spigot (sp) is the distalmost part of the common duct of the labial glands bearing the salivary orifice (so).The spinneret is smooth and the spigot protrudes from the apicomedian margin of the spinneret in the first instar (A, B) while the spinneret is equipped with a fringe of hollow, spinelike evaginations (fr) and the spigot does not protrude from the spinneret in later (C, D) instars (a = antenna, cm = mandibular adductor muscle, e = eye, gal = galea, lbr = labrum, lp = labial palp, md = mandible, mp = maxillary palp).

Fig. 2 in From Spinning Silk to Spreading Saliva: Mouthpart Remodeling in Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

Fig. 2. The labio-hypopharyngeal lobe (A, dorsal view) and the labial gland (B–D) in the first instar larva of MaNdUCa SexTa. The Lyonet's gland (Lg), is composed of 10–12 epithelial cells surrounding the proximal branch (br) off the main lumen of the labial gland (lsg). The cells of the Lyonet's gland possess enlarged nuclei (n) and are filled with secretory vesicles (v). A, B volume-rendered CLSM micrographs, C CLSM micrographs, D brightfield micrograph (lp = labial palp, sp = spigot, spin = spinneret).

opencc-byDec 2019View details →

Kagamimochi Remodeled From Photogrammetry (WIP)

Japanese Rise Cake Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Single Cell Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Immunotherapy-Driven Bone Marrow Niche Remodeling in AML

Images utilized in the paper Single Cell Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Immunotherapy-Driven Bone Marrow Niche Remodeling in AML - by  Gui, Bingham et al.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

Effect of the overexpression of the GGP1 gene on cell wall remodelling and redox state in the tomato fruit

The deposited data were collected as a part of the studies entitled ‘Effect of the overexpression of the GGP1 gene on cell wall remodelling and redox state in the tomato fruit’. The research is the result of cooperation between institutions:  <ul> <li>Group for Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE) at the University of Belgrade (Serbia),</li> <li>Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences (Poland),</li> <li>Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece).</li> </ul> The use of advanced microscopic techniques (immunolabeling method), methods of molecular biology (Western blotting), and biochemistry (HPLC, measurement of enzyme activities) allows for expanding knowledge in the field of plant cell physiology and horticulture.   The attached files have been compressed to *.zip format. The dataset consists of the following files: A_1_Antioxidant enzymes activities A_2_CLSM imaging A_3_Native polyacrylamide electrophoresis of antioxidant enzymes A_4_Phenolic components in the fruit tissue A_5_Western Blotting with quantitative analysis

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Supplementary files:TSH Promotes Right Ventricle Energy Metabolism Remodeling and Hypertrophy

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

Negative Vessel Remodeling in Stargardt Disease Quantified with Volume-Rendered Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Data underlying the figures in the publication “Negative Vessel Remodeling in Stargardt Disease Quantified with Volume-Rendered Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography”, published in Retina, 2021. Doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003110 Table of contents: 1. Dataset 1; Excel sheet containing the source data of the publication.

dryad32/100

Data from: Structural reorganization of the chromatin remodeling enzyme Chd1 upon engagement with nucleosomes

The yeast Chd1 protein acts to position nucleosomes across genomes. Here, we model the structure of the Chd1 protein in solution and when bound to nucleosomes. In the apo state, the DNA-binding domain contacts the edge of the nucleosome while in the presence of the non-hydrolyzable ATP analog, ADP-beryllium fluoride, we observe additional interactions between the ATPase domain and the adjacent DNA gyre 1.5 helical turns from the dyad axis of symmetry. Binding in this conformation involves unravelling the outer turn of nucleosomal DNA and requires substantial reorientation of the DNA-binding domain with respect to the ATPase domains. The orientation of the DNA-binding domain is mediated by sequences in the N-terminus and mutations to this part of the protein have positive and negative effects on Chd1 activity. These observations indicate that the unfavorable alignment of C-terminal DNA-binding region in solution contributes to an auto-inhibited state.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

Ligand binding remodels protein side chain conformational heterogeneity

While protein conformational heterogeneity plays an important role in many aspects of biological function, including ligand binding, its impact has been difficult to quantify. Macromolecular X-ray diffraction is commonly interpreted with a static structure, but it can provide information on both the anharmonic and harmonic contributions to conformational heterogeneity. Here, through multiconformer modeling of time- and space-averaged electron density, we measure conformational heterogeneity of 743 stringently matched pairs of crystallographic datasets that reflect unbound/apo and ligand-bound/holo states. When comparing the conformational heterogeneity of side chains, we observe that when binding site residues become more rigid upon ligand binding, distant residues tend to become more flexible, especially in non-solvent exposed regions. Among ligand properties, we observe increased protein flexibility as the number of hydrogen bonds decrease and relative hydrophobicity increases. Across a series of 13 inhibitor bound structures of CDK2, we find that conformational heterogeneity is correlated with inhibitor features and identify how conformational changes propagate differences in conformational heterogeneity away from the binding site. Collectively, our findings agree with models emerging from NMR studies suggesting that residual side chain entropy can modulate affinity and point to the need to integrate both static conformational changes and conformational heterogeneity in models of ligand binding.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Files for: Soft robotic patient-specific hydrodynamic model of aortic stenosis and ventricular remodeling

This repository includes the files necessary to reproduce the digital anatomies, cardiac and aortic sleeves, and multi-material 3D-printed valves from the "Soft robotic patient-specific hydrodynamic model of aortic stenosis and ventricular remodeling" article.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Chromatin Remodeling via Retinoic Acid Action During Mu-rine Spermatogonial Development

Spermatogonial differentiation is a process that commits germ cells to the complex process of spermatogenesis. Spermatogonial differentiation is mediated by the action of retinoic acid, which triggers major morphological and transcriptional changes. While these transcriptional changes have been well explored, there has been little effort devoted to epigenetic regulation surrounding spermatogonial development. This study aimed to uncover the timing and dynamics of chromatin organization during spermatogonial development within the context of these transcriptional changes. Using germ cell synchrony and the assay for transposase accessible chromatin and next generation sequencing (ATAC-seq) to isolate subpopulations of developing spermatogonia and identify accessible regions within their genome, we found 50% of accessible regions in undifferentiated spermatogonia were condensed following retinoic acid action within 18 hours. Surprisingly, genes with known functional relevance during spermatogonial development were accessible at all times, indicating that chromatin state does not impact transcription at these sites. While there was an overall decrease in gene accessibility during spermatogonial development, we found that transcriptionally active regions were not predictive of chromatin state.

openMar 2023View details →

A novel micromorphic approach captures non-locality in continuum bone remodelling

In continuum bone remodelling, bone is considered as continuous matter on the macroscale. Motivated by i) the underlying trabecular microstructure of bone resulting in size-dependence and ii) the non-local characteristics of osteocyte mechanosensing, a novel phenomenological approach based on a micromorphic formulation is proposed. Via illustrative benchmark examples, i.e. elementary unit cube, rod-shaped bone samples, and a 3D-femur sample, the novel approach is compared to the established local formulation, and the influence of the characteristic size of the microcontinuum and the coupling between macro- and microscale deformation is analysed. Taken together, the interaction between continuum points at the macroscale and their neighbourhood is effectively captured by the micromorphic formulation thus influencing the resulting distribution of nominal bone density at the macroscale.

Fig. 3 in The role of cell wall phenolics during the early remodelling of cellulosedeficient maize cells

Fig. 3. Representative HPLC-PAD elution profile of phenolic compounds after alkali hydrolysis of protoplasmic fraction from non-habituated (NH, A, C) and DCBhabituated (H, B, D) suspension-cultured cells corresponding at their early logarithmic (A, B) and late logarithmic (C, D) growth phase. Peaks were detected at 300 nm. 50 μl of sample was injected without dilution. Key to peak identity as Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 in The role of cell wall phenolics during the early remodelling of cellulosedeficient maize cells

Fig. 4. Structural models of the primary cell wall of non-habituated (A, B) and DCB-habituated (C, D) maize suspension-cultured cells at their early-logarithmic (A, C) and late-logarithmic (B, D) growth phases. The model shows the molecular interactions between cellulose, arabinoxylans and hydroxycinnamic acids (phenolic compounds). Based on Gómez and McQueen-Mason (2018). Dehydrodiferulates can also be ether-linked to lignin.

Fig. 2 in The role of cell wall phenolics during the early remodelling of cellulosedeficient maize cells

Fig. 2. Representative HPLC-PAD elution profile of phenolic compounds after alkali hydrolysis of cell walls from non-habituated (NH, A, C) and DCB-habituated (H, B, D) suspension-cultured cells corresponding at their early logarithmic (A, B) and late logarithmic (C, D) growth phase. Peaks were detected at 300 nm. 50 μl of sample was injected in a 1:10 dilution. Key to peak identity: 1, vanillin; 2, trans-p-coumaric acid; 3, trans-ferulic acid; 4, cis-p-coumaric acid; 5, cis-ferulic acid; 6, 5-5′- DFA; 7, 8-O-4′-DFA; 8, 8-5′-DFA.

Fig. 1 in The role of cell wall phenolics during the early remodelling of cellulosedeficient maize cells

Fig. 1. Structures of the three diferulate dehydrodimers found in this work. 5-5′-diferulic acid (5-5′-DFA, A); 8-O-4′-diferulic acid; (8-O-4′-DFA, B) and 8-5′-diferulic acid (benzofuran form) (8-5′-DFA, C).