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139 results for “savannahs”
Data from: The roles of joint tissues and jaw muscles in palatal biomechanics of the Savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus) and their significance for cranial kinesis
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Data from: Synergistic effects of fire and elephants on arboreal animals in an African savannah
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Plant and pollinator interactions from British Columbia from Oak Savannah, Shrub-Steppe, and restored hedgerows
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To mate, or not to mate: the evolution of reproductive diapause facilitates insect radiation into African savannahs in the Late Miocene
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Data from: Rapid plastic breeding response to rain matches peak prey abundance in a tropical savannah bird
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Figure 2 in Aspects of natural history in a sand boa, Eryx muelleri (Erycidae) from arid savannahs in Burkina Faso, Togo, and Nigeria (West Africa)
Figure 2. Locality records of Eryx muelleri. Black dots indicate original localities from this study; white dots indicate historical records . Symbols: BF = Burkina Faso; RMM = Mali; RPB = Benin; TG = Togo; WAN = Nigeria; RN = Niger. Numbers refer to capture localities as given in Appendix 1.
Figure 4 in Aspects of natural history in a sand boa, Eryx muelleri (Erycidae) from arid savannahs in Burkina Faso, Togo, and Nigeria (West Africa)
Figure 4. Microhabitat use by Eryx muelleri. Sample size would indicate the number of captured specimens.
Figure 3 in Food niche of Exomalopsis (Exomalopsis) fulvofasciata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Brazilian savannah: the importance of oil-producing plant species as pollen sources
Figure 3. Absolute abundance of pollen types and the number of types observed in each sample. (A) Ecological Station of Panga, MG (ESP), and (B) State Park of Serra de Caldas Novas, GO (SPSCN).
Figure 5 in Food niche of Exomalopsis (Exomalopsis) fulvofasciata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Brazilian savannah: the importance of oil-producing plant species as pollen sources
Figure 5. Abundance of pollen types according to grain size categories: small (S) and medium (M) in two natural areas. (A) Ecological Station of Panga, MG (ESP), and (B) State Park of Serra de Caldas Novas, GO (SPSCN).
Figure 1 in Food niche of Exomalopsis (Exomalopsis) fulvofasciata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Brazilian savannah: the importance of oil-producing plant species as pollen sources
Figure 1. Number of Exomalopsis fulvofasciata recorded on Byrsonima flowers in the two savannah areas. Ecological Station of Panga, MG (ESP) – 1 to 9 and State Park of Serra de Caldas Novas, GO (SPSCN) – 10 to18.
Figure 4 in Food niche of Exomalopsis (Exomalopsis) fulvofasciata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Brazilian savannah: the importance of oil-producing plant species as pollen sources
Figure 4. Abundance of pollen types according to the anther type: poricidals (P) and non-poricidals (NP). (A) Ecological Station of Panga, MG (ESP), and (B) State Park of Serra de Caldas Novas, GO (SPSCN).
Drought legacy affects microbial community trait distributions related to moisture along a savannah grassland precipitation gradient
<ol> <li>Ecosystem models commonly use stable-state assumptions to predict responses of soil microbial functions to environmental change. However, past climatic conditions can shape microbial functional responses resulting in a "legacy effect". For instance, exposure to drier conditions in the field may shape how soil microbial communities respond to subsequent drought and drying and rewetting events. </li> <li>We investigated microbial tolerance to low moisture levels ("resistance") and ability to recover after a drying and rewetting (DRW) perturbation ("resilience") across a steep precipitation gradient in Texas, USA.</li> <li>Although differences in precipitation regime did not result in differences in resistance and resilience of soil microbes, microbial communities appeared to be generally resilient and resistant across the gradient, suggesting that frequent exposure to drought had characterized the trait distributions of microbial communities. Moreover, microbial communities from historically drier sites used carbon more efficiently during a DRW perturbation suggesting that long-term drought history leaves a legacy effect on microbial functions. This may have been due to an indirect effect of drought caused via precipitation-induced differences in primary productivity, influencing the availability of soil organic matter to microbes. Alternatively, different exposures to drought might have shaped the microbial "readiness" to cope with the DRW disturbance. Microbial community composition was also linked to drought history, but was unrelated to variation in function. </li> <li><span><span><span><span>Synthesis: exposure to drought can have both direct and indirect effects on soil microbial communities, which can result in lasting legacy effects on the functions they control. </span></span></span></span></li> </ol>
Data from: Unidirectional pulmonary airflow patterns in the savannah monitor lizard
The unidirectional airflow patterns in the lungs of birds have long been considered a unique and specialized trait associated with the oxygen demands of their volant lifestyle, endothermic metabolism and unusual pulmonary architecture; however, the discovery of similar flow patterns in the lungs of crocodilians indicates that this character is likely ancestral for all archosaurs, the group that includes extant birds and crocodilians as well as their extinct relatives, such as pterosaurs and dinosaurs. Unidirectional flow in birds results from aerodynamic valves, rather than from sphincters or other physical mechanisms, and similar aerodynamic valves appear to be at work in crocodilians. Due to anatomical and developmental similarities in the primary and secondary bronchi of birds and crocodilians, these structures and airflow patterns may be homologous. Thus the origin of this pattern is at least as old as the split between crocodilians and birds, which occurred in the Triassic; however, it is possible that this pattern of flow is even older. This constitutes an alternative hypothesis, which can be tested by investigating patterns of airflow in members of the outgroup to birds and crocodilians, the Lepidosauromorpha (tuatara, lizards, and snakes). Here we show region-specific unidirectional airflow in the lungs of the savannah monitor lizard (Varanus exanthematicus). The presence of unidirectional flow in the lungs of V. exanthematicus thus gives rise to two possible evolutionary scenarios: (1) unidirectional airflow evolved independently in archosaurs and monitor lizards, or (2) these flow patterns are homologous in archosaurs and V. exanthematicus, having evolved only once in ancestral diapsids. If unidirectional airflow is plesiomorphic for Diapsida, this respiratory character can be reconstructed for extinct diapsids, and evolved in a small ectothermic tetrapod during the Paleozoic Era at least 100 million years before the origin of birds.
Data from: Savannahs of Asia: evidence for antiquity, biogeography and an uncertain future
The savannahs of Asia remain locally unrecognized as distinctive ecosystems, and continue to be viewed as degraded forests or seasonally dry tropical forests. These colonial-era legacies are problematic, because they fail to recognize the unique diversity of Asian savannahs and the critical roles of fire and herbivory in maintaining ecosystem health and diversity. In this review, we show that: the palaeo-historical evidence suggests that the savannahs of Asia have existed for at least 1 million years, long before widespread landscape modification by humans; savannah regions across Asia have levels of C4 grass endemism and diversity that are consistent with area-based expectations for non-Asian savannahs; there are at least three distinct Asian savannah communities, namely deciduous broadleaf savannahs, deciduous fine-leafed and spiny savannahs and evergreen pine savannahs, with distinct functional ecologies consistent with fire- and herbivory-driven community assembly. Via an analysis of savannah climate domains on other continents, we map the potential extant of savannahs across Asia. We find that the climates of African savannahs provide the closest analogues for those of Asian deciduous savannahs, but that Asian pine savannahs occur in climates different to any of the savannahs in the Southern Hemisphere. Finally, we review major threats to the persistence of savannahs in Asia, including the mismanagement of fire and herbivory, alien woody encroachment, afforestation policies and future climate uncertainty associated with the changing Asian monsoon. Research agendas that target these issues are urgently needed to manage and conserve these ecosystems.
Figure 3 from: Canché-Estrada IA, Ortiz-Díaz JJ, Tun-Garrido J (2018) Floristic affinities of the lowland savannahs of Belize and southern Mexico. PhytoKeys 96: 47-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.96.20097
Figure 3 Similarity dendrograms for the nine savannahs of Belize and southern Mexico using 113 species of trees. 3A: Built using all species. 3B: Built taking out single-site species.
Figure 2 from: Canché-Estrada IA, Ortiz-Díaz JJ, Tun-Garrido J (2018) Floristic affinities of the lowland savannahs of Belize and southern Mexico. PhytoKeys 96: 47-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.96.20097
Figure 2 Similarity dendrograms for the nine savannahs of Belize and southern Mexico using 915 species. 2A: Built using all species. 2B: Built taking out single-site species.
Figs. 1–4 in Axima nordestina (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae), a new stalk-eyed wasp from Brazilian savannah
Figs. 1–4. Axima nordestina Barbosa, Krogmann & Azevedo sp. nov. 1. Habitus, lateral view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Head, frontal view. 4. Mesosoma and petiole, dorsal view.
Figure 9 in Brown-lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) from Brazilian savannah in Central Brazil
Figure 9. Population fluctuation of Hemerobiidae collected between February 2018 and May 2019 in areas of Brazilian savannah at the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (PNVC), in Alto ParaÍso de Goiás, Goiás state and Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas (PNGSV), in Chapada Gaúcha, Minas Gerais state, both in Brazil. / Fluctuación poblacional de Hemerobiidae registrada entre febrero 2018 y mayo 2019 en áreas de la sabana brasileña en el Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (PNVC), en Alto ParaÍso de Goiás, estado de Goiás y el Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas (PNGSV), en Chapada Gaúcha, estado Minas Gerais, ambos en Brasil.
Figures 7-8. Sympherobius amazonicus Penny and Monserrat. 7. Habitus, lateral view. 8 in Brown-lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) from Brazilian savannah in Central Brazil
Figures 7-8. Sympherobius amazonicus Penny and Monserrat. 7. Habitus, lateral view. 8. Distribution records of S. amazonicus and Sympherobius Banks in Brazil and the Neotropics. / Sympherobius amazonicus Penny y Monserrat. / Sympherobius amazonicus Penny and Monserrat. 7. Hábito, vista lateral. 8. Registros de distribución de S. amazonicus y Sympherobius Banks en Brasil y el Neotrópico.
Figure 1 in Insights into marking behavior of giant anteaters: a camera trap study in the Rupununi savannahs, Guyana
Figure 1: A map showing the location of the study site and the 51 camera trap sites.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.