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opencc-by-4.0Jun 2018View details →

Fig. 9 in Spatiotemporal dynamics of insect diversity in tropical seasonal forests is linked to season and elevation, a case from northern Thailand

Fig. 9. Spatiotemporal variation in species turnover measured as Mean Local Turnover βwL of Diptera (A) and Auchenorrhyncha (B) trapped during 12 months of sampling over six 500 m elevation zones at Doi Inthanon in 2014. Data were plotted on a grid of elevation zone (vertical axis) and months (horizontal axis) and mapped using the multiquadric gridding algorithm in the gridding module of PAST. Values of βwL (indicated by colour scale bar) vary between 0 (complete identity) and 1.0 (complete non-identity). Data are not available for January and February at <500 m and 500–1,000 m.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2018View details →

Fig. 7 in Spatiotemporal dynamics of insect diversity in tropical seasonal forests is linked to season and elevation, a case from northern Thailand

Fig. 7. Monthly variation in Equitability (J) of Diptera assemblages during 12 months of sampling over six 500 m elevation zones at Doi Inthanon in 2014. Only points linking data from elevation zones 2,000–2,500 m and>2,500 m are connected by lines. Equitability declines profoundly at higher elevations between September and November indicating a decline in evenness of Diptera assemblages with corresponding prevalence of a number of relatively abundant species compared with other times of year and other elevations.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2018View details →

Fig. 5 in Spatiotemporal dynamics of insect diversity in tropical seasonal forests is linked to season and elevation, a case from northern Thailand

Fig. 5. Spatiotemporal variation in abundance and species richness of Diptera and Auchenorrhyncha trapped over 12 months sampling over six 500 m elevation zones at Doi Inthanon in 2014. The left panel shows Relative Abundance, A* (number of individuals caught. trap-1. month-1) as log (1+A*) for Diptera (A) and Auchenorryncha (C). The right panel shows observed species richness, S, for Diptera (B) 10 obs and Auchenorryncha (D). Data were plotted on a grid of elevation zone (vertical axis) and months (horizontal axis) and mapped using the multiquadric gridding algorithm in the gridding module of PAST. Values of log10(1+A*) and Sobs are indicated by the colour scale bars. Data are not available for January and February at <500 m and 500–1,000 m.

Fig. 4 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil

Fig. 4. Representation of the similarity patterns (Euclidean distances) in the seasonal and spatial diet composition of Astyanax aff. fasciatus at two sites on the rio das Pedras, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.

Fig. 3 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil

Fig. 3. Diet composition of Astyanax aff. fasciatus at two sites on the rio das Pedras, according to season. Categories: plants, invertebrates, terrestrial invertebrates, aquatic invertebrates, terrestrial vegetation, aquatic vegetation and sediments and detritus.

Fig. 6 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil

Fig. 6. Ordination of individuals of Astyanax aff. fasciatus of different sizes according to the higher feeding preference. (SL1:> 50 mm; SL2: 51-75 mm and SL3: <76 mm).

Fig. 2 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil

Fig. 2. Diet composition of Astyanax aff. fasciatus at sites A (a) and B (b) on the rio das Pedras, according to the origin of the ingested items (value between parentheses corresponds to the feeding index of each category).

Fig. 5 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil

Fig. 5. Diet composition of Astyanax aff. fasciatus among the three established standard length classes, and according to the plant or animal origin of the item. (SL1:> 50 mm; SL2: 51-75 mm and SL3: <76 mm; value between parentheses corresponds to the feeding index of each category).

FIG. 6 in A small elevational gradient shows negative bottom-to-top bryophyte richness in a seasonally dry forest in Brazil

FIG. 6. — Bryophytes species distributions along an elevational gradient in Catimbau National Park according to life history traits: A, light requirements; B, life-forms. TABLE 3. — Spearman (Rs) correlation table between life history traits showing that light demanding and life-forms are correlated with the species richness in base and top of elevational gradient, respectively. Italic font indicates Spearman value and normal font indicates Spearman coefficient (Rs). P-value in bold are significant (p <0.05).

FIG. 3 in A small elevational gradient shows negative bottom-to-top bryophyte richness in a seasonally dry forest in Brazil

FIG. 3. — The effects of altitude decomposed into three elevational belts on bryophyte richness. Model based on the Poisson distribution and log connection method for unprocessed data. Own illustration: Fabronia ciliaris (Brid.) Brid.

FIG. 5 in A small elevational gradient shows negative bottom-to-top bryophyte richness in a seasonally dry forest in Brazil

FIG. 5. — Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the substrates colonized along elevational gradient in Catimbau National Park.

FIG. 1 in A small elevational gradient shows negative bottom-to-top bryophyte richness in a seasonally dry forest in Brazil

FIG. 1. — Results of the clustering with weighted average between Caatinga areas (including rocky outcrops) based on the Sørensen similarity index showing that the bryophyte flora of Catimbau NP is singular: dotted arm indicates Rocky outcrop in Bahia state; brackets in light gray indicates areas in Paraíba state and the bold arms indicate the areas in Pernambuco state; site P29, highlighted in blue shows the isolation of Catimbau NP. Bahia state is approximately 370 km from Pernambuco state and 930 km from Paraíba, in a straight line. Coefficient of Cofenetic Correlation (CCC) = 0.80. Own illustration: Fabronia ciliaris (Brid.) Brid.

FIG. 4 in A small elevational gradient shows negative bottom-to-top bryophyte richness in a seasonally dry forest in Brazil

FIG. 4. — Venn diagram showing the low percentage of similarity between the belts levels based on the Sørensen-Dice index, total number of species per belt, and the amount of species shared between each belt.

FIG. 2 in A small elevational gradient shows negative bottom-to-top bryophyte richness in a seasonally dry forest in Brazil

FIG. 2. — Elevational distribution and representativeness of bryophyte families in the Catimbau National Park. The width of the bars denotes the number of species per family. The elevation is measured in meters.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Breeding season forest fragment size does not create negative carry-over for adult Wood Thrushes on fall migration timing or apparent annual survival

<p>Although carry-over effects related to wintering habitat quality are known to influence population dynamics of migratory songbirds, the presence of breeding season carry-over is under-studied in full annual cycle models. To test whether forest fragment size on the breeding grounds can impose negative carry-over effects on a migratory songbird, we fitted adult Wood Thrushes with one-year coded radio-tags in forest fragments ranging from 11–499 ha in southwestern Ontario during the 2016–2019 breeding seasons and utilized automated telemetry via the Motus Wildlife Tracking System to record fall migration timing and returns the following spring (apparent annual survival). To examine short-term effects of fragment size on breeding females, during the 2018 and 2019 breeding seasons, we collected blood samples during incubation to measure corticosterone levels and tracked complete reproductive success and nest timing. We found that Wood Thrushes breeding in small forest fragments were not subject to strong negative effects on body condition (mass, corticosterone), reproductive success, or timing of the last nest of the season. Next, we found that the onset of fall migration departure was not delayed for birds nesting in small fragments and that apparent annual survival was not linked to breeding fragment size. This suggests that habitat differences linked to fragment size were not strong enough to trigger the kinds of negative carry-over effects (delayed migration, lower reproductive success) that have been documented in other species as a result of poor wintering ground habitat quality. The strength of breeding fragment size-induced seasonal carry-over remains a critical gap in full annual cycle models for other declining migratory songbirds. Our findings suggest that while the importance of preserving large forested areas is often prioritized in conservation projects, small forest fragments can also have high conservation value.</p>

publicAug 2021View details →

Seasonal rainfall in subtropical montane cloud forests drives demographic fluctuations in a Green-backed Tit population

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publicFeb 2025View details →

Wood trait–decay relationships vary with topography and rainfall seasonality in a subtropical forest in China

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publicJun 2023View details →

Breeding season forest fragment size does not create negative carry-over for adult Wood Thrushes on fall migration timing or apparent annual survival

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