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121 results for “terrestrial ecosystems”
Global human influence maps reveal clear opportunities in conserving Earth’s remaining intact terrestrial ecosystems
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Supporting Data for: Assessing the potential of amino acid δ13C and δ15N analysis in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems
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Patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus pools in terrestrial ecosystems in China
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Data from: Contrasting nitrogen cycling between herbaceous wetland and terrestrial ecosystems inferred from plant and soil nitrogen isotopes across China
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Fishing for mammals: landscape-level monitoring of terrestrial and semi-aquatic communities using eDNA from lotic ecosystems
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Community-level leaf N:P Ratios in terrestrial ecosystems in China
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Data from: Litter movement pathways across terrestrial-aquatic ecosystem boundaries affect litter colonization and decomposition in streams
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PalEON: Terrestrial Ecosystem Model Drivers for the Northeastern U.S., 0850-2010
This dataset from the PalEON Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project (PEMIP) provides harmonized regional environmental and meteorological drivers at a resolution of 0.5 degrees for the North-central and Northeastern U.S. over the time period 0850-01-01 to 2010-12-31. This dataset consists of the regional environmental and meteorological drivers. The environmental drivers include (1) dominant biome type, (2) plant functional type, (3) annual carbon dioxide concentration, (4) monthly carbon dioxide concentration, (5) land use-land cover change, (6) nitrogen concentrations, and (7) soil measurements. The meteorological drivers include (1) incident longwave radiation, (2) incident shortwave radiation, (3) precipitation, (4) surface pressure, (5) specific humidity, (6) air temperature, and (7) wind speed. The PEMIP is a coordinated effort to develop a set of terrestrial ecosystem model simulations with the ability to evaluate high-resolution ecophysiological causes and consequences of forest responses to climatic variability and change over the past millennium.
Global Distribution of Root Profiles in Terrestrial Ecosystems
Rooting depths were estimated from a global database of root profiles that was assembled from the primary literature to study relationships of abiotic and biotic factors associated with belowground vegetation structure. Variables used to characterize belowground vegetation structure include the depths above which 50% of all roots and 95% of all roots are located in the profile. For each root profile, information recorded includes latitude and longitude, elevation, soil texture, depth of organic horizons, type of roots measured (e.g., fine or total, live or dead), sampling methods, units of measurements (root mass, length, number, surface area), and sampling depth.
Global Distribution of Root Turnover in Terrestrial Ecosystems
Estimates of root turnover rates were calculated from measurements of live root standing crop and belowground net primary production (BNPP) compiled from the primary literature. Vegetation characteristics, soil properties, and climate conditions were associated with turnover rates to examine patterns and controls for biomes worldwide. Building on prior analyses (Jackson et al. 1996, 1997), data were compiled from approximately 190 papers from additional journals, book chapters, technical reports, and unpublished manuscripts that included information on live root standing crop and belowground BNPP. The papers described research on every continent except Antarctica, although the majority were from North America. In the database, the plant functional type and biome coverage were most abundant for grasslands and temperate zones.
BASIN TCP Stable Isotope Composition of CO2 in Terrestrial Ecosystems
This data set reports stable isotope ratio data of CO2 (13C/12C and 18O/16O) associated with photosynthetic and respiratory exchanges across the biosphere-atmosphere boundary. Measurements were made at selected AmeriFlux sites including Harvard Forest, Howland Forest, Rannells Flint Hills Prairie, Niwot Ridge Forest, and the Wind River Canopy Crane Site, which span the dominant ecosystem types of the United States. These data were collected periodically from 2001 through 2004 and are available as an ASCII comma separated file.The goal of this Terrestrial Carbon Processes (TCP) project is to better capture isotopic effects of ecosystem-atmosphere interaction at diurnal, seasonal and interannual time scales by long-term monitoring 13C of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere at weekly intervals. Photosynthesis and respiration in terrestrial ecosystems have opposite effects on diurnal and seasonal patterns on atmospheric CO2 concentration and isotope ratios. This isotopic variation contains information about the functioning of different terrestrial ecosystems.
Global Distribution of Fine Root Biomass in Terrestrial Ecosystems
A global data set of root biomass, rooting profiles, and concentrations nutrients in roots was compiled from the primary literature and used to study distributions of root properties. This data set consists of estimates of fine root biomass and specific area, site characteristics, and source references associated with two papers (Jackson et al. 1996 and 1997).Understanding and predicting ecosystem functioning (e.g., carbon and water fluxes) and the role of soils in carbon storage requires an accurate assessment of plant rooting distributions.
Literature-Derived Parameters for the BIOME-BGC Terrestrial Ecosystem Model
Ecosystem simulation models use descriptive input parameters to establish the physiology, biochemistry, structure, and allocation patterns of vegetation functional types, or biomes. For single-stand simulations, it is possible to measure required data, but as spatial resolution increases, data availability decreases. Generalized biome parameterizations are then required. Undocumented parameter selection and unknown model sensitivity to parameter variation for larger-resolution simulations are currently the major limitations to global and regional modeling. We present documented input parameters for process-based ecosystem simulation models (specifically for the BIOME-BGC) for major natural temperate biomes. Parameter groups include the following: turnover and mortality; allocation; carbon to nitrogen ratios (C:N); the percent of plant material in labile, cellulose, and lignin pools; leaf morphology; leaf conductance rates and limitations; canopy water interception and light extinction; and the percent of leaf nitrogen in Rubisco (i.e., ribulose bisphosphate-1,5-carboxylase/oxygenase). Input parameters may also be used for other ecosystem models.
Biome-BGC: Terrestrial Ecosystem Process Model, Version 4.1.1
Biome-BGC is a computer program that estimates fluxes and storage of energy, water, carbon, and nitrogen for the vegetation and soil components of terrestrial ecosystems. The primary model purpose is to study global and regional interactions between climate, disturbance, and biogeochemical cycles.Biome-BGC represents physical and biological processes that control fluxes of energy and mass. These processes include: New leaf growth and old leaf litterfall Sunlight interception by leaves and penetration to the ground Precipitation routing to leaves and soil Snow accumulation and melting Drainage and runoff of soil water Evaporation of water from soil and wet leaves Transpiration of soil water through leaf stomata Photosynthetic fixation of carbon from CO2 in the air Uptake of nitrogen from the soil Distribution of carbon and nitrogen to growing plant parts Decomposition of fresh plant litter and old soil organic matter Plant mortality Fire The model uses a daily time-step. This means that each flux is estimated for a one-day period. Between days, the program updates its memory of the mass stored in different components of the vegetation, litter, and soil. Weather is the most important control on vegetation processes. Flux estimates in Biome-BGC depend strongly on daily weather conditions. Model behavior over time depends on climate--the history of these weather conditions.A companion file with more information about Biome-BGC and its components is available at ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/model_archive/BIOME_BGC/biome_bgc_4.1.1/comp/BiomeBGC_v411_release.pdf .Biome-BGC, Version 4.1.1 was developed and is maintained by the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, School of Forestry, The University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA. Additional information can be found on there web site at: http://www.ntsg.umt.edu/.
Global Distribution of Root Nutrient Concentrations in Terrestrial Ecosystems
Nutrient measurements for fine roots were compiled from 56 published studies providing information on 372 different combinations of species, root diameter, rooting depths, and soils at a variety of locations. The compilation was used to examine dynamics of 14 nutrients, including translocation properties of roots of varying size and status.Fine roots are an important source and sink for nutrients in terrestrial biogeochemistry. The data collected come from 56 published studies that give information on fine root (less than 5mm diameter) nutrient concentrations, root diameters, and retranslocation of nutrients. These studies include diverse vegetation and biomes, including grass, shrub, and tree functional types from temperate, tropical, boreal and tundra systems. The preponderance of data comes from experiments with temperate and coniferous trees.
Machine learning-based Arctic-boreal terrestrial ecosystem CO2 fluxes, 2001-2020
This dataset provides gridded estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) across the circumpolar terrestrial Arctic-boreal region at a 1-km spatial resolution. Monthly CO2 flux data from 2001 to 2020 were generated using terrestrial eddy covariance and chamber CO2 flux observations, combined with geospatial meteorological, remote sensing, topographical and soil data, all within a random forest modeling framework. Aggregated average annual NEE, average annual NEE with direct fire emissions added based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) product, and temporal trends in annual NEE rasters over 2002-2020 are also included. The data are provided in NetCDF and GeoTIFF formats.
Net Carbon Dioxide and Water Fluxes of Global Terrestrial Ecosystems, 1969-1998
The variability of net surface carbon assimilation (Asmax), net ecosystem surface respiration (Rsmax), and net surface evapotranspiration (Etsmax) among and within vegetation types was examined based on a review of studies performed in either a micrometeorological setting or an enclosure setting. The majority of studies involved forests and C3 crops, particularly in the northern hemisphere; however, studies on tropical forests, C4 grasslands or wetlands were included. Data are presented for 133 published studies, although individual studies may not have measure all variables of interest.Despite large variations within a vegetation type, enclosure studies tended to give highest Asmax rates compared to micrometeorological techniques (Buchmann and Schulze 1999). Excluding enclosure studies, the investigators tested the effect of stand age and leaf area index (LAI) on net ecosystem gas exchange. The results from these analyses illustrate where gaps in scientific knowledge exist and how ecosystem properties affect the capacity of net ecosystem gas exchange.The information was collected from papers with publication dates from 1969-1998. Mean maximum flux rates for the period chosen by the authors were used instead of absolute maximum values for flux rates. Positive values stand for CO2 uptake by the vegetation and negative values represent CO2 release from the ecosystem. More information about the compilation can be found in Buchmann and Schultze (1999) or the individual studies cited in the data table.
Global patterns and drivers of soil microbial biomass C, N, and P in terrestrial ecosystems
<p>Soil microbes<strong> </strong>play key roles in driving and regulating nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, a lack of global-scale information regarding the distribution of soil microbial biomass C (SMB C), N (SMB N), and P (SMB P) in terrestrial ecosystems has limited our ability to incorporate the broad-scale soil microbial nutritional properties and the associated processes into biogeochemical models. Here, we synthesized a global dataset including 3,801 observations for SMB C, 3,154 observations of SMB N, and 2,429 observations of SMB P in the top 0–30 cm soil depth. Based on this comprehensive global dataset, we generated quantitative and spatially explicit maps of SMB C, N, and P across terrestrial ecosystems using a random forest approach. In general, the global mean values of SMB C, N, and P concentrations were 693.0 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, 89.5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, and 35.5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. These mean values belie a significantly spatial heterogeneity of these concentrations across biomes and a clear latitudinal trend (wherein SMB C, N, and P increase in cold and high latitude environments along with the large soil organic carbon, SOC). SOC was the most important factor regulating SMB C, N, and P at a global scale. At the global scale, the storage of SMB C, N, and P was estimated to be 23.13 Pg C, 3.93 Pg N, and 2.16 Pg P in the top 0–30 cm soil surface, respectively. Our global maps of SMB C, N, and P presented here can be used to constraint Earth system models, and provide the first step forward to predict the roles of soil microbial nutrients in terrestrial nutrient cycling.</p>
Global patterns and drivers of soil microbial biomass C, N, and P in terrestrial ecosystems
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Figure 1 in Terrestrial isopods as bioindicators for environmental monitoring in olive groves and natural ecosystems
Figure 1. Study area (western magnesia prefecture, central Greece).
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.