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570 results for “threat”
Fig. 5 in The highs and lows of serow (Capricornis sumatraensis): multi-scale habitat associations inform large mammal conservation strategies in the face of synergistic threats of deforestation, hunting, and climate change
Fig. 5. The relationships between serow predicted abundance and habitat variables at the local scale from Royle-Nichols hierarchical models. Oil palm, roughness and Human Footprint Index were in the top performing multivariate model.
Fig. 3 in The highs and lows of serow (Capricornis sumatraensis): multi-scale habitat associations inform large mammal conservation strategies in the face of synergistic threats of deforestation, hunting, and climate change
Fig. 3. Presence of the serow within its Southeast Asian range. Panel a) shows the IUCN Red List range extent of occurrence (EOO; shaded orange), and the occurrence records coloured by the data source. Panel b) shows the jackknife-based assessment of variable importance. The blue bars showing the explanatory power in the model using only the denoted variable, while the teal bars show the predictive power of the full model without the denoted variable, highlighting whether the variable captures unique information. Panel c) shows the probability of presence of the serow from Maxent modelling mapped within the Southeast Asian region covered by this study. Panel d) shows the forest cover in 2015 that is potentially occupied within the EOO. Panel e) is the Maxent probability of presence of serow inside the remaining forested areas within Southeast Asia. Original artwork courtesy of Tamzin Barber (https://www.talkinganimals.com.au/).
F I G U R E 2 in Small and in-country herbaria are vital for accurate plant threat assessments: A case study from Peru
F I G U R E 2 The effect of including data from Peruvian herbaria upon estimated International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) threat assessments. The percentage of species assessed as DD (Data Deficient, grey), LC (Least Concern, green), VU (Vulnerable, yellow), EN (Endangered, orange), and CR (Critically Endangered, red) based upon data from: Top, international herbaria, and bottom, Peruvian and international herbaria.
F I G U R E 3 in Small and in-country herbaria are vital for accurate plant threat assessments: A case study from Peru
F I G U R E 3 The effect of including data from different small and large herbaria upon estimated International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) threat assessments. The percentage of species assessed as DD (Data Deficient, grey), LC (Least Concern, green), VU (Vulnerable, yellow), EN (Endangered, orange), and CR (Critically Endangered, red) based upon data from: top, large herbaria only (>1,000,000 sheets); middle, large and medium herbaria (>500,000 sheets); and bottom, large, medium, and small herbaria (all herbaria).
F I G U R E 1 in Small and in-country herbaria are vital for accurate plant threat assessments: A case study from Peru
F I G U R E 1 The proportion of specimens of Peruvian Begonia and Solanum held in Peruvian institutions (blue) versus international institutions (orange) in (a) the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF); (b) the Begonia Resource Centre and Solanaceae Source (see text for doi references for all datasets).
F I G U R E 4 in Small and in-country herbaria are vital for accurate plant threat assessments: A case study from Peru
F I G U R E 4 The effect of including data from herbaria in size order upon estimated International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) threat assessments. (a) Percentage of species assessed as DD (Data Deficient, grey), LC (Least Concern, green), VU (Vulnerable, yellow), EN (Endangered, orange), and CR (Critically Endangered, red); (b) the size (number of accessions) of herbaria added (orange) and number of specimen records included (blue); (c) the mean range of species considered threatened when all data are considered. Dashed, vertical lines indicate the limits of large (>1,000,000 sheets) and medium (>500,000 sheets) herbaria. Grey shading indicates Peruvian herbaria. Selected herbaria are indicated in C. Herbarium abbreviations in panels B and C follow Thiers (2001).
Psychedelic drug effects on reactivity of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and threat responding behavior
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Data from: A threat to loyalty: Fear of missing out (FOMO) leads to reluctance to repeat current experiences
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Incorporating evolutionary and threat processes into crop wild relatives conservation
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Dynamic self-organization in fire ant rafts underpins collective longevity and threat responsiveness
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Phylogenetic and Spatial Distribution of Evolutionary Isolation and Threat in Turtles and Crocodilians (Non-Avian Archosauromorphs)
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Mosquitoes escape looming threats by actively steering into the bow-wave induced by the attacker
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Threats of land use to the global diversity of vascular plants
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Avian botulism is a primary, year-round threat to adult survival in the endangered Hawaiian Duck (Anas wyvilliana) on Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i, USA
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Experimental infection of bumble bees with honey bee associated viruses: no direct fitness costs but potential future threats to novel wild bee hosts
<p>Pathogen spill-over represents an important cause of biodiversity decline. For wild bee species such as bumble bees, many of which are in decline, correlational data point toward viral spill-over from naged honey bees as a potential cause. Yet impacts of honey bee viruses on wild bees are rarely evaluated. Here, in a series of highly controlled laboratory infection assays with well characterised viral inocula, we show that three viral types isolated from honey bees (<i>Deformed wing virus</i> genotype A, <i>Deformed wing virus</i> genotype B and <i>Black queen cell virus</i>) readily replicate within hosts of the bumble bee <i>Bombus terrestris</i>. Impacts of these honey bee-derived viruses – either injected or fed – on the mortality of <i>B. terrestris </i>workers were, however, negligible and likely dependent on host condition. Our results highlight the potential threat of viral spill-over from honey bees to novel wild bee species, though they also underscore the importance of additional studies on this and other non- bee species under field-realistic conditions to evaluate whether pathogen spill-over has a negative impact on wild bee individuals and population fitness.</p>
Spatiophylogenetic modelling of extinction risk reveals evolutionary distinctiveness and brief flowering period as threats in a hotspot plant genus
Comparative models used to predict species threat status can help to identify diagnostic features of species at risk. Such models often combine variables measured at the species level with spatial variables, causing multiple statistical challenges, including phylogenetic and spatial non-independence. We present a novel Bayesian approach for modelling threat status that simultaneously deals with both forms of non-independence and estimates their relative contribution, and we apply the approach to modelling threat status in the Australian plant genus Hakea. We find that after phylogenetic and spatial effects are accounted for, species with greater evolutionary distinctiveness and a shorter annual flowering period are more likely to be threatened. The model allows us to combine information on evolutionary history, species biology, and spatial data, to calculate latent extinction risk (potential for non-threatened species to become threatened), estimate the most important drivers of risk for individual species, and map spatial patterns in the effects of different predictors on extinction risk. This could be of value for proactive conservation decision-making based on the early identification of species and regions of potential conservation concern.
Image 2 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Image 2. Gravid female killed in cashew plantation during weed clearance
Figure 1 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Figure 1. Distribution of Hypnale hypnale in the study sites and cashew plantations.
Image 1 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Image 1. Hypnale hypnale in natural habitat
Social trematodes parasites increase standing army size in areas of greater invasion threat
<p>Organisms or societies are resource limited, causing important trade-offs between reproduction and defence. Given such trade-offs, optimal allocation theory predicts that, for animal societies with a soldier caste, allocation to soldiers should reflect local external threats. Although both threat intensity and soldier allocation can vary widely in nature, we currently lack strong evidence that spatial variation in threat can drive corresponding variation in soldier allocation.<b> </b>The diverse guild of trematode parasites of the California horn snail provides a useful system to address this problem. Several of these species form colonies in their hosts with a reproductive division of labour including a soldier caste. Soldiers are non-reproductive and specialized on defence, attacking and killing invading parasites. We quantified invasion threat and soldier allocation for 168 trematode colonies belonging to 6 species at 26 sites spread among 10 estuaries in temperate and tropical regions. Spatial variation in invasion threat was matched as predicted by the relative number of soldiers for multiple parasite species. Soldier allocation correlated with invasion threat at fine spatial scales, suggesting that allocation is at least partly inducible. These results may represent the first clear documentation of a spatial correlation between allocation to any type of caste and a biotic selective agent.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.