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396 results for “tropical Africa”
Data from: The present and future effects of land use on ecological assemblages in tropical grasslands and savannas in Africa
The world is currently experiencing a period of rapid, human-driven biodiversity loss. Over the past decade, numerous metrics for biodiversity have been used to create indicators to track change in biodiversity. However, our ability to predict future changes has been limited. In this study, we use two very different models to predict the status and possible futures for the composition and diversity of ecological assemblages in African tropical grasslands and savannas under land-use change. We show that ecological assemblages are affected more by land use in African grasslands and savannas than in other biomes. We estimate that average losses of assemblage composition and diversity are already between 9.7 and 42.0%, depending on the model and measure used. If current socio-economic trajectories continue ('business-as-usual'), the likely associated land-use changes are predicted to lead to a further 5.6–12.3% loss of assemblage composition and diversity. In contrast, a scenario that assumes more efficient use of agricultural areas (thus requiring a smaller total area) could be associated with a partial reversal ‒ of as much as 3.2% ‒ of past losses. While the agriculture that causes the majority of land-use change is an important source of economic growth, projections of the effects of land use on ecological assemblages can allow for more informed decisions.
Data from: Forest extent and deforestation in tropical Africa since 1900
Accurate estimates of historical forest extent and associated deforestation rates are crucial for quantifying tropical carbon cycles and formulating conservation policy. In Africa, data-driven estimates of historical closed-canopy forest extent and deforestation at the continental scale are lacking, and existing modelled estimates diverge substantially. Here, we synthesize available palaeo-proxies and historical maps to reconstruct forest extent in tropical Africa around 1900, when European colonization accelerated markedly, and compare these historical estimates with modern forest extent to estimate deforestation. We find that forests were less extensive in 1900 than bioclimatic models predict. Resultantly, across tropical Africa, ~ 21.7% of forests have been deforested, yielding substantially slower deforestation than previous estimates (35–55%). However, deforestation was heterogeneous: West and East African forests have undergone almost complete decline (~ 83.3 and 93.0%, respectively), while Central African forests have expanded at the expense of savannahs (~ 1.4% net forest expansion, with ~ 135,270 km2 of savannahs encroached). These results suggest that climate alone does not determine savannah and forest distributions and that many savannahs hitherto considered to be degraded forests are instead relatively old. These data-driven reconstructions of historical biome distributions will inform tropical carbon cycle estimates, carbon mitigation initiatives and conservation planning in both forest and savannah systems.
FIGURE 3 in New phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from tropical Africa
FIGURE 3. Typhlodromips extrasetus Moraes, Oliveira & Zannou, n. sp.: A. Female dorsal shield; B. Female ventral surface; C. Spermatheca; D. Female leg IV; E. Spermatodactyl; F. Male ventrianal shield.
FIGURE 5 in New phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from tropical Africa
FIGURE 5. Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) cephalochaitosus Moraes, Oliveira & Zannou, n. sp. (female): A. Dorsal shield; B. Ventral surface; C. Chelicera; D. Spermatheca; E. Leg IV.
FIGURE 4 in New phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from tropical Africa
FIGURE 4. Australiseiulus laterisetus Moraes, Oliveira & Zannou, n. sp. (female): A. Dorsal shield; B. Ventral surface; C. Spermatheca; D. Leg IV.
FIGURE 2 in New phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from tropical Africa
FIGURE 2. Typhlodromips occidentafricanus Moraes, Oliveira & Zannou, n. sp. (female): A. Dorsal shield; B. Ventral surface; C. Spermatheca; D. Leg IV.
FIGURE 1 in New phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from tropical Africa
FIGURE 1. Typhlodromalus breviscutus Moraes, Oliveira & Zannou, n. sp. (female): A. Dorsal shield; B. Ventral surface; C. Chelicera; D. Spermatheca; E. Leg IV.
FIGURES 1–2 in Microcenoscelis n. gen. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Ulomini) from tropical Africa, with description of a blind species from Zimbabwe
FIGURES 1–2. Dorsal view of Microcenoscelis n. gen. 1 M. caeca n. sp., holotype female, Zimbabwe. 2 M. minuscula (Ardoin, 1969) n. comb., non-type female, Ivory Coast. Scale: 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 17 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 17. Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. Abbreviations see page 3.
FIGURE 16 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 16. Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. A, maxillary palpus; B, male FW venation; C, D, male subgenital plate, in ventral (C) and lateral (D) view; E–J, male genitalia, right paramere and dorsal valve, in dorsal (E, G, I) and lateral (F, H, J) views, in Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. paratype MNHN-EO-3725 (E, F), and in males from Tanghanika (G, H, material ZMC) and from Ruvu (I, J, material MNHN); K–N, female subgenital plate, ventral view, in Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (K–M) and in a female from Tanghanika (N, Material ZMC); O–S, female copulatory papilla, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, in Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (O–R) and in a female from Tanghanika (S, Material ZMC). Scales 1 mm.
FIGURE 15 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 15. Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male holotype (A, C–E, H, I), female allotype (B, F, K, L) and male paratype MNHN-EO-ENSIF3597 (G): habitus in dorsal view (A, B); face coloration (C); hindtibia in dorsal view (D); forewings in dorsal view (E, F); male metanotum (G); supra anal (H) and subgenital (I, K) plates; ovipositor apex in lateral view (L). Scales for habitus 1 mm.
FIGURE 13 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 13. Upupagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen., A–I, U. subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., A, maxillary palpus; B, apex of female ovipositor; C–I, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (C, F), ventral (D, G), lateral (E, H, I), in female fn5, 23.v.1995 (C–E), female fn13, 17.v.1995 (F–H) and female fn19, 19.v.1995 (I). J–P, U. alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.: J, maxillary palpus; K, L, dorsal and lateral field of male holotype right FW; M, female subgenital plate; N–P, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (N), ventral (O) and lateral (P) views. Scale bars 1mm.
FIGURE 12 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 12. Upupagryllus subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male holotype (A, D–H) and female allotype (B, C, I, J): habitus in dorsal (A, B) and lateral (C) views; head in dorsal (D), lateral (E) and frontal (F) views; supra anal (G, I) and subgenital (H, J) plates. Scales for habitus 1 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 10. Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male holotype, genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. Abbreviations see page 3.
FIGURE 9 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 9. Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. A, maxillary palpus, female allotype; B, C, venation of dorsal and lateral fields of male holotype FWs; D-F, male holotype subgenital plate, ventral (D), right side (E) and left side (F), with projections of asymmetrical pseudepiphallic processes; G, H, venation of dorsal and lateral fields of female allotype right FW; I, female allotype subgenital plate, ventral view; J, female allotype copulatory papilla. Scale bars 1 mm.
FIGURE 7. Kameruloria Gorochov, 2003 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 7. Kameruloria Gorochov, 2003. Female subgenital plate, ventral view (A–B) and copulatory papilla (C–G) in dorsal (E), ventral (D, F) and lateral (C, G) views of: Kameruloria nigricornis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (A, C, D) and Kameruloria trimaculata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (B, E–G). Scale bars 1 mm. Abbreviations: see page **.
FIGURE 14 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 14. Upupagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen., Male genitalia: A–C, U. subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.; D– F, U. alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. in dorsal (A, D), ventral (B, E) and lateral (C, F) views. Abbreviations: see page 4.
FIGURE 11 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 11. Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., female allotype. A, dorsal view, scale 1 mm; B, lateral view; C, pronotum and FWs, dorsal view; D, ovipositor, lateral view.
FIGURE 8 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 8. Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male holotype. A, dorsal view, scale 1 mm; B, head and pronotum, dorsal view; C, face and maxillary palpi; D, hindtibia, dorsal view; E, right forewing, dorsal view; F, metanotum and tergite structures, dorsal view; G, subgenital plate, ventral view; H, subgenital plate and right forewing, lateral view; I, supra anal plate, dorsal view. Arrows point to the left pseudepiphallic distal process, which is extremely long.
FIGURE 4 in Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera
FIGURE 4. Afrophaloria Desutter-Grandcolas, n.gen. Female subgenital plates, ventral (A–E) and copulatory papilla (F–I), in Afrophaloria n. sp. 1 (A), and Afrophaloria n. sp. (B–I), with females from CAR, N'Gotto (B, F), Gabon, Ipassa (C, G), CAR, Salo (D, H) and Congo, Odzala (G, I). Scale bars 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.